{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2963001579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-6951-z","title":"Invisible steganography via generative adversarial networks","display_name":"Invisible steganography via generative adversarial networks","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2963001579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-6951-z","mag":"2963001579"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11042-018-6951-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-6951-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110206669","display_name":"Multimedia Tools and Applications","issn_l":"1380-7501","issn":["1380-7501","1573-7721"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multimedia Tools and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-6951-z","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101790472","display_name":"Ru Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3569-2848"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ru Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Security, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xitucheng Road No. 10, HaiDian District, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Security, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xitucheng Road No. 10, HaiDian District, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029256977","display_name":"Shiqi Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1255-7298"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiqi Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Security, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xitucheng Road No. 10, HaiDian District, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Security, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xitucheng Road No. 10, HaiDian District, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100738078","display_name":"Jianyi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3133-4452"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianyi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Security, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xitucheng Road No. 10, HaiDian District, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Security, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xitucheng Road No. 10, HaiDian District, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101790472"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.8917,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":237,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97698114,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"78","issue":"7","first_page":"8559","last_page":"8575"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8637597560882568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.8375898599624634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganalysis","display_name":"Steganalysis","score":0.8290767669677734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6355670690536499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5745707750320435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invisibility","display_name":"Invisibility","score":0.559664249420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5049698948860168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5012996196746826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cover","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","score":0.500617504119873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.42487940192222595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.39269158244132996}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8637597560882568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.8375898599624634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107368093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q448176","display_name":"Steganalysis","level":4,"score":0.8290767669677734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6355670690536499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5745707750320435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50962388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q762018","display_name":"Invisibility","level":2,"score":0.559664249420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5049698948860168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5012996196746826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780428219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16952335","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.500617504119873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.42487940192222595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.39269158244132996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11042-018-6951-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-6951-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110206669","display_name":"Multimedia Tools and Applications","issn_l":"1380-7501","issn":["1380-7501","1573-7721"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multimedia Tools and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11042-018-6951-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-6951-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110206669","display_name":"Multimedia Tools and Applications","issn_l":"1380-7501","issn":["1380-7501","1573-7721"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multimedia Tools and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1527181506","https://openalex.org/W1533861849","https://openalex.org/W1580389772","https://openalex.org/W1782590233","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W2009130368","https://openalex.org/W2031489346","https://openalex.org/W2046180645","https://openalex.org/W2060131032","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2099471712","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2109255472","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2170598445","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2432004435","https://openalex.org/W2562637781","https://openalex.org/W2565257220","https://openalex.org/W2621048556","https://openalex.org/W2751202750","https://openalex.org/W2752821911","https://openalex.org/W2768430110","https://openalex.org/W2771036112","https://openalex.org/W2798825927","https://openalex.org/W2949117887","https://openalex.org/W2963684088","https://openalex.org/W2964267196","https://openalex.org/W3037567775","https://openalex.org/W6600648412","https://openalex.org/W6831415423"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4243922849","https://openalex.org/W2939392096","https://openalex.org/W2148973528","https://openalex.org/W2930153478","https://openalex.org/W4309385482","https://openalex.org/W2040931326","https://openalex.org/W2792878404","https://openalex.org/W1583147569","https://openalex.org/W2068740952","https://openalex.org/W2182496537"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nowadays,":[0],"there":[1],"are":[2,34,96],"plenty":[3],"of":[4,26,117,141],"works":[5,20,37,48],"introducing":[6],"convolutional":[7],"neural":[8],"networks":[9,127],"(CNNs)":[10],"to":[11,42,69,128,150,170],"the":[12,23,81,87,92,105,109,114,118,124,130,134,137,153],"steganalysis":[13,17],"and":[14,55,84,144,176,195],"exceeding":[15],"conventional":[16],"algorithms.":[18],"These":[19],"have":[21,50],"shown":[22],"improving":[24],"potential":[25],"deep":[27,40],"learning":[28,41],"in":[29,52,99,113],"information":[30],"hiding":[31,108],"domain.":[32],"There":[33,95],"also":[35],"several":[36],"based":[38],"on":[39,80,91,192],"do":[43],"image":[44,74,79,89,111],"steganography,":[45],"but":[46],"these":[47],"still":[49],"problems":[51],"capacity,":[53],"invisibility":[54,106],"security.":[56],"In":[57,148],"this":[58],"paper,":[59],"we":[60,103,158],"propose":[61],"a":[62,71,76,160],"novel":[63],"CNN":[64],"architecture":[65],"named":[66],"as":[67],"ISGAN":[68,187],"conceal":[70],"secret":[72,88,110,181],"gray":[73],"into":[75],"color":[77],"cover":[78,119],"sender":[82],"side":[83],"exactly":[85],"extract":[86],"out":[90,178],"receiver":[93],"side.":[94],"three":[97],"contributions":[98],"our":[100],"work:":[101],"(i)":[102],"improve":[104],"by":[107,132],"only":[112],"Y":[115],"channel":[116],"image;":[120],"(ii)":[121],"We":[122],"introduce":[123],"generative":[125],"adversarial":[126],"strengthen":[129],"security":[131],"minimizing":[133],"divergence":[135],"between":[136],"empirical":[138],"probability":[139],"distributions":[140],"stego":[142,174],"images":[143,175],"natural":[145],"images.":[146,182],"(iii)":[147],"order":[149],"associate":[151],"with":[152],"human":[154],"visual":[155],"system":[156],"better,":[157],"construct":[159],"mixed":[161],"loss":[162],"function":[163],"which":[164],"is":[165],"more":[166,172,179],"appropriate":[167],"for":[168],"steganography":[169],"generate":[171],"realistic":[173],"reveal":[177],"better":[180],"Experiment":[183],"results":[184],"show":[185],"that":[186],"can":[188],"achieve":[189],"start-of-art":[190],"performances":[191],"LFW,":[193],"PASCAL-VOC12":[194],"ImageNet":[196],"datasets.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-05-19T08:33:51.333923","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
