{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4256089724","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10994-009-5129-3","title":"On structured output training: hard cases and\u00a0an\u00a0efficient alternative","display_name":"On structured output training: hard cases and\u00a0an\u00a0efficient alternative","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-07-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4256089724","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10994-009-5129-3"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10994-009-5129-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10994-009-5129-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10994-009-5129-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62148650","display_name":"Machine Learning","issn_l":"0885-6125","issn":["0885-6125","1573-0565"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10994-009-5129-3.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025793777","display_name":"Thomas G\u00e4rtner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5985-9213"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144576","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Intelligent Analysis and Information Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/04nc32781","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144576","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thomas G\u00e4rtner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IAIS, Schlo\u00df Birlinghoven, 53754, Sankt Augustin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IAIS, Schlo\u00df Birlinghoven, 53754, Sankt Augustin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144576"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028240772","display_name":"Shankar Vembu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144576","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Intelligent Analysis and Information Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/04nc32781","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144576","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shankar Vembu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IAIS, Schlo\u00df Birlinghoven, 53754, Sankt Augustin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IAIS, Schlo\u00df Birlinghoven, 53754, Sankt Augustin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144576"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025793777"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144576"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7177,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91699967,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"76","issue":"2-3","first_page":"227","last_page":"242"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permutation","display_name":"Permutation (music)","score":0.6953471302986145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.6592748761177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6002547144889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5923168063163757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.557108461856842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.5026230812072754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-complexity","display_name":"Time complexity","score":0.4584999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4452553391456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.42002519965171814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34235507249832153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3310561776161194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.32015299797058105}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21308566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7169365","display_name":"Permutation (music)","level":2,"score":0.6953471302986145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6592748761177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6002547144889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5923168063163757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.557108461856842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5026230812072754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C311688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393193","display_name":"Time complexity","level":2,"score":0.4584999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4452553391456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.42002519965171814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34235507249832153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3310561776161194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32015299797058105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10994-009-5129-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10994-009-5129-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10994-009-5129-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62148650","display_name":"Machine Learning","issn_l":"0885-6125","issn":["0885-6125","1573-0565"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-106334","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-106334.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400801","display_name":"Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer IAIS","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/219340","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/219340","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10994-009-5129-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10994-009-5129-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10994-009-5129-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62148650","display_name":"Machine Learning","issn_l":"0885-6125","issn":["0885-6125","1573-0565"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4256089724.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4256089724.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1540155273","https://openalex.org/W1568341987","https://openalex.org/W1596717185","https://openalex.org/W1607251184","https://openalex.org/W1795860961","https://openalex.org/W1885568428","https://openalex.org/W1990313671","https://openalex.org/W2001515828","https://openalex.org/W2008652694","https://openalex.org/W2010624529","https://openalex.org/W2045027193","https://openalex.org/W2088032561","https://openalex.org/W2092423930","https://openalex.org/W2097826433","https://openalex.org/W2100672820","https://openalex.org/W2103649698","https://openalex.org/W2105842272","https://openalex.org/W2111979819","https://openalex.org/W2117038164","https://openalex.org/W2118712128","https://openalex.org/W2132826100","https://openalex.org/W2141407058","https://openalex.org/W2144758644","https://openalex.org/W2162186970","https://openalex.org/W2168908795","https://openalex.org/W2170308301","https://openalex.org/W4213009134","https://openalex.org/W6639298037","https://openalex.org/W6675357706","https://openalex.org/W6679019664","https://openalex.org/W6990023262"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1585007175","https://openalex.org/W2382521049","https://openalex.org/W2144385241","https://openalex.org/W4253593777","https://openalex.org/W2951497643","https://openalex.org/W3101625811","https://openalex.org/W2165950148","https://openalex.org/W4300101996","https://openalex.org/W2338854850","https://openalex.org/W2952426683"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}