{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7140189709","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10922-026-10054-5","title":"Enhancing Serverless Function Resilience Against Vulnerabilities with MoFaaS","display_name":"Enhancing Serverless Function Resilience Against Vulnerabilities with MoFaaS","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7140189709","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10922-026-10054-5"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10922-026-10054-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10922-026-10054-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10922-026-10054-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S67072002","display_name":"Journal of Network and Systems Management","issn_l":"1064-7570","issn":["1064-7570","1573-7705"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Network and Systems Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10922-026-10054-5.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Pedro Escaleira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9080-6080"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60858718","display_name":"University of Aveiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00nt41z93","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Escaleira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Campus Universit\u00e3rio de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal","University of Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e3rio de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Campus Universit\u00e3rio de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e3rio de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Vitor A. Cunha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4566-0198"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60858718","display_name":"University of Aveiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00nt41z93","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vitor A. Cunha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Campus Universit\u00e3rio de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal","University of Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e3rio de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Campus Universit\u00e3rio de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e3rio de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jo\u00e3o P. Barraca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5029-6191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60858718","display_name":"University of Aveiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00nt41z93","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jo\u00e3o P. Barraca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Campus Universit\u00e3rio de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal","University of Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e3rio de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Campus Universit\u00e3rio de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e3rio de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Diogo Gomes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5848-2802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60858718","display_name":"University of Aveiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00nt41z93","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diogo Gomes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Campus Universit\u00e3rio de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal","University of Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e3rio de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Campus Universit\u00e3rio de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e3rio de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rui L. Aguiar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0107-6253"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60858718","display_name":"University of Aveiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00nt41z93","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui L. Aguiar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Campus Universit\u00e3rio de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal","University of Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e3rio de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Campus Universit\u00e3rio de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e3rio de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471","https://openalex.org/I60858718"],"apc_list":{"value":2190,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2790},"apc_paid":{"value":2190,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2790},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81513197,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.36169999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.36169999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.14900000393390656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.1216999962925911,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.7346000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.7342000007629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.5934000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.5458999872207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compromise","display_name":"Compromise","score":0.5012999773025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.478300005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ephemeral-key","display_name":"Ephemeral key","score":0.47450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.40709999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-infrastructure","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","score":0.38600000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.3788999915122986}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8932999968528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.7346000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.7342000007629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6916000247001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5934000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.5458999872207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46355384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q726686","display_name":"Compromise","level":2,"score":0.5012999773025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.478300005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76947770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4533181","display_name":"Ephemeral key","level":2,"score":0.47450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.412200003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.40709999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29852176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373338","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","level":2,"score":0.38600000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3788999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.3695000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22735295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317671","display_name":"Botnet","level":3,"score":0.35760000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22680326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7444867","display_name":"Secure coding","level":5,"score":0.3222000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778717966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4189076","display_name":"Protection mechanism","level":3,"score":0.31299999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.2937999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140547941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7797194","display_name":"Threat model","level":2,"score":0.2906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111065885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1189053","display_name":"Fuzz testing","level":3,"score":0.2777999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.27649998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.2687000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131275738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445023","display_name":"Security bug","level":5,"score":0.26809999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196903269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6059063","display_name":"Intrusion tolerance","level":3,"score":0.2662000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121822524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157582","display_name":"Computer security model","level":2,"score":0.25940001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.2581999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.257099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83163435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3954104","display_name":"Security management","level":2,"score":0.25209999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195518309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13424265","display_name":"Security testing","level":5,"score":0.2517000138759613}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10922-026-10054-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10922-026-10054-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10922-026-10054-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S67072002","display_name":"Journal of Network and Systems Management","issn_l":"1064-7570","issn":["1064-7570","1573-7705"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Network and Systems Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10922-026-10054-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10922-026-10054-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10922-026-10054-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S67072002","display_name":"Journal of Network and Systems Management","issn_l":"1064-7570","issn":["1064-7570","1573-7705"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Network and Systems Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6214640140533447,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2144570049","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UIDB/50008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2582522631","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3272457656","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UIDB/","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3375535518","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UIDB/50008/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3850789590","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"50008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G691567502","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10.54499/UIDB/50008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8485279353","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10.54499/UIDB/50008/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","ror":"https://ror.org/00snfqn58"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7140189709.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7140189709.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1945100066","https://openalex.org/W2029418637","https://openalex.org/W2254160488","https://openalex.org/W2295737274","https://openalex.org/W2532467204","https://openalex.org/W2763095368","https://openalex.org/W2783120320","https://openalex.org/W2804316703","https://openalex.org/W2887739100","https://openalex.org/W2891858591","https://openalex.org/W2894833359","https://openalex.org/W2996903041","https://openalex.org/W3012914409","https://openalex.org/W3111862628","https://openalex.org/W3118238677","https://openalex.org/W3162027125","https://openalex.org/W3179934812","https://openalex.org/W4205761438","https://openalex.org/W4226077550","https://openalex.org/W4255660954","https://openalex.org/W4281763794","https://openalex.org/W4308642220","https://openalex.org/W4313148063","https://openalex.org/W4367295839","https://openalex.org/W4368407235","https://openalex.org/W4386020813","https://openalex.org/W4399800616","https://openalex.org/W4403937640","https://openalex.org/W4407551092","https://openalex.org/W4408146288","https://openalex.org/W4412788536","https://openalex.org/W7134885057","https://openalex.org/W7134928679"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Serverless":[1],"computing":[2],"has":[3],"revolutionized":[4],"cloud":[5],"application":[6],"development":[7],"by":[8],"eliminating":[9],"infrastructure":[10],"management":[11],"complexities.":[12],"However,":[13],"its":[14],"dynamic":[15],"and":[16,46,77,85,126,131],"ephemeral":[17],"nature":[18],"introduces":[19],"security":[20,69,130],"challenges":[21],"that":[22,71,142],"are":[23],"difficult":[24],"to":[25,43,81,102],"mitigate":[26],"using":[27],"traditional":[28],"mechanisms.":[29],"In":[30],"particular,":[31],"function":[32,108],"vulnerabilities":[33],"remain":[34],"a":[35,65,68,95,135],"critical":[36],"concern,":[37],"as":[38,64],"attackers":[39],"can":[40],"exploit":[41],"them":[42],"compromise":[44],"applications":[45],"escalate":[47],"attacks":[48],"across":[49],"multi-tenant":[50],"environments.":[51],"To":[52],"address":[53],"these":[54],"challenges,":[55],"we":[56,93],"propose":[57],"an":[58,128],"enhanced":[59],"version":[60],"of":[61,120],"Moving":[62,73],"Functions":[63],"Service":[66],"(MoFaaS),":[67],"mechanism":[70],"leverages":[72],"Target":[74],"Defense":[75],"(MTD)":[76],"N-Version":[78],"Programming":[79],"(NVP)":[80],"introduce":[82],"execution":[83],"diversity":[84],"improve":[86],"fault":[87],"tolerance":[88],"in":[89,105],"serverless":[90,137],"applications.":[91],"Additionally,":[92],"incorporate":[94],"Large":[96],"Language":[97],"Model":[98],"(LLM)-based":[99],"feedback":[100],"loop":[101],"assist":[103],"developers":[104],"generating":[106],"diverse":[107],"variants":[109],"with":[110],"reduced":[111],"effort.":[112],"We":[113],"validate":[114],"our":[115,143],"contributions":[116],"through":[117],"open-source":[118],"Proof":[119],"Concept":[121],"(PoC)":[122],"implementations":[123],"on":[124,134],"Knative":[125],"conduct":[127],"extensive":[129],"performance":[132,151],"evaluation":[133],"realistic":[136],"application.":[138],"The":[139],"results":[140],"demonstrate":[141],"approach":[144],"effectively":[145],"increases":[146],"attack":[147],"complexity":[148],"while":[149],"maintaining":[150],"within":[152],"acceptable":[153],"bounds.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T08:04:53.788161","created_date":"2026-03-25T00:00:00"}
