{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128733169","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-026-02340-1","title":"Early Detection and Surveillance of Infectious Disease Outbreaks in Nigeria\u00a0","display_name":"Early Detection and Surveillance of Infectious Disease Outbreaks in Nigeria\u00a0","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128733169","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-026-02340-1","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41680559"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10916-026-02340-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-026-02340-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10916-026-02340-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37151855","display_name":"Journal of Medical Systems","issn_l":"0148-5598","issn":["0148-5598","1573-689X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10916-026-02340-1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125734951","display_name":"Omolara Kolawole","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142128","display_name":"CSIRO Health and Biosecurity","ror":"https://ror.org/03jh4jw93","country_code":"AU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4210142128","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omolara Kolawole","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biosecurity Program, The Kirby Institute, Kensington, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biosecurity Program, The Kirby Institute, Kensington, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142128"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125726771","display_name":"Ashley Quigley","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799511909","display_name":"Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02ptdck34","country_code":"AU","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799511909"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ashley Quigley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biosecurity Program, The Kirby Institute, Kensington, NSW, Australia. ashley.quigley@unsw.edu.au"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biosecurity Program, The Kirby Institute, Kensington, NSW, Australia. ashley.quigley@unsw.edu.au","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799511909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125708934","display_name":"Abrar A. Chughtai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abrar A. Chughtai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125720332","display_name":"Chandini R. MacIntyre","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142128","display_name":"CSIRO Health and Biosecurity","ror":"https://ror.org/03jh4jw93","country_code":"AU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4210142128","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chandini R. MacIntyre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biosecurity Program, The Kirby Institute, Kensington, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biosecurity Program, The Kirby Institute, Kensington, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142128"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5125726771"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799511909"],"apc_list":{"value":3390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":4390},"apc_paid":{"value":3390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":4390},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.24288464,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"1","first_page":"22","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11819","display_name":"Data-Driven Disease Surveillance","score":0.5619000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11819","display_name":"Data-Driven Disease Surveillance","score":0.5619000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12943","display_name":"COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing","score":0.05299999937415123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.03590000048279762,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outbreak","display_name":"Outbreak","score":0.9157999753952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infectious-disease","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","score":0.697700023651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-source","display_name":"Open source","score":0.4587000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health","display_name":"Public health","score":0.4154999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-surveillance","display_name":"Disease surveillance","score":0.40059998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epidemiology","display_name":"Epidemiology","score":0.3855000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health-surveillance","display_name":"Public health surveillance","score":0.3808000087738037}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.9157999753952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.697700023651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5910999774932861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.47049999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018397939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3644502","display_name":"Open source","level":3,"score":0.4587000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.4154999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776480101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3555250","display_name":"Disease surveillance","level":3,"score":0.40059998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.3855000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776361769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q821775","display_name":"Public health surveillance","level":3,"score":0.3808000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.3774000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983685735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227355","display_name":"Data source","level":2,"score":0.3352999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.3208000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191630685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4027615","display_name":"Informatics","level":2,"score":0.3149000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188816634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2113324","display_name":"Prospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.310699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.30300000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776545096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33831","display_name":"Pidgin","level":3,"score":0.2921000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145642194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870895","display_name":"Health informatics","level":3,"score":0.27129998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779973787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q609748","display_name":"Emerging infectious disease","level":3,"score":0.26249998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45355965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643441","display_name":"Socioeconomics","level":1,"score":0.2533000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.2517000138759613}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003141","descriptor_name":"Communicable Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003141","descriptor_name":"Communicable Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003141","descriptor_name":"Communicable Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004196","descriptor_name":"Disease Outbreaks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004196","descriptor_name":"Disease Outbreaks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004196","descriptor_name":"Disease Outbreaks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009549","descriptor_name":"Nigeria","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009549","descriptor_name":"Nigeria","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009549","descriptor_name":"Nigeria","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011159","descriptor_name":"Population Surveillance","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011159","descriptor_name":"Population Surveillance","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011159","descriptor_name":"Population Surveillance","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D042241","descriptor_name":"Early Diagnosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D042241","descriptor_name":"Early Diagnosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D042241","descriptor_name":"Early Diagnosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10916-026-02340-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-026-02340-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10916-026-02340-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37151855","display_name":"Journal of Medical Systems","issn_l":"0148-5598","issn":["0148-5598","1573-689X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41680559","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41680559","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of medical systems","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11708077","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12901078","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12901078","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12901078/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Med Syst","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10916-026-02340-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-026-02340-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10916-026-02340-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37151855","display_name":"Journal of Medical Systems","issn_l":"0148-5598","issn":["0148-5598","1573-689X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5221896171569824,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320965","display_name":"University of New South Wales","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128733169.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128733169.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1520956954","https://openalex.org/W1974165922","https://openalex.org/W2028976203","https://openalex.org/W2515965170","https://openalex.org/W2792239653","https://openalex.org/W2805649745","https://openalex.org/W2914329781","https://openalex.org/W2922528227","https://openalex.org/W2999657666","https://openalex.org/W3000176189","https://openalex.org/W3000366261","https://openalex.org/W3011089770","https://openalex.org/W3014387125","https://openalex.org/W3041184325","https://openalex.org/W3041311678","https://openalex.org/W3046056069","https://openalex.org/W3094216041","https://openalex.org/W3106663901","https://openalex.org/W3129375859","https://openalex.org/W3157969867","https://openalex.org/W3158648072","https://openalex.org/W3203697104","https://openalex.org/W4210257256","https://openalex.org/W4213345592","https://openalex.org/W4220671587","https://openalex.org/W4283518770","https://openalex.org/W4309663636","https://openalex.org/W4310329614","https://openalex.org/W4312082642","https://openalex.org/W4313307831","https://openalex.org/W4315432955","https://openalex.org/W4365449230","https://openalex.org/W4379184924","https://openalex.org/W4385684327","https://openalex.org/W4386410257","https://openalex.org/W4389082034"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1,134],"study":[2,135],"aimed":[3],"to":[4,93,122,128,145],"integrate":[5],"Nigerian":[6],"Pidgin":[7],"English":[8],"(NPE)":[9],"into":[10,64,68,105],"the":[11,19,101,106,123,137,166,186],"Artificial":[12],"Intelligence":[13],"system":[14],"EPIWATCH":[15,69,80,114],"\u00ae":[16,70,81,115],",":[17],"with":[18],"aim":[20],"of":[21,28,37,103,139,165,188],"providing":[22],"early":[23],"detection":[24,96],"and":[25,53,66,86,99,142,154,174,182],"enhanced":[26],"surveillance":[27,148],"infectious":[29],"disease":[30,147],"outbreaks":[31],"in":[32,49,113,118,157,163,184],"Nigeria.":[33,58,158],"The":[34],"widespread":[35],"use":[36],"NPE":[38,65,104,131,189],"as":[39],"a":[40,90,110],"lingua":[41],"franca,":[42],"spoken":[43],"by":[44,79],"over":[45],"75":[46],"million":[47],"people":[48],"Africa,":[50],"improves":[51],"interaction":[52],"communication":[54],"within":[55],"communities":[56],"across":[57,126],"Key":[59],"search":[60],"terms":[61],"were":[62],"translated":[63],"incorporated":[67],"for":[71],"surveillance.":[72],"Using":[73],"publicly":[74],"available":[75],"outbreak":[76,95,116],"reports":[77,117],"collected":[78],"from":[82],"Nigeria":[83],"between":[84],"2018":[85,127],"2023,":[87,129],"we":[88],"conducted":[89],"descriptive":[91],"analysis":[92],"compare":[94],"patterns":[97],"before":[98],"after":[100],"integration":[102],"system.":[107],"We":[108],"observed":[109],"315%":[111],"increase":[112],"March":[119,124],"2024":[120],"compared":[121],"median":[125],"following":[130],"language":[132],"integration.":[133,190],"demonstrates":[136],"potential":[138],"leveraging":[140],"technology":[141],"linguistic":[143],"diversity":[144],"improve":[146],"using":[149],"open":[150],"source":[151,176],"intelligence":[152],"(OSINT)":[153],"response":[155],"efforts":[156],"Findings":[159],"should":[160],"be":[161],"interpreted":[162],"light":[164],"short":[167],"prospective":[168],"time":[169],"frame,":[170],"scope,":[171],"contextual":[172],"factors,":[173],"public":[175],"constraints,":[177],"which":[178],"may":[179],"limit":[180],"generalisability":[181],"nuance":[183],"assessing":[185],"impact":[187]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-16T08:24:45.110214","created_date":"2026-02-13T00:00:00"}
