{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414491098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-025-02248-2","title":"Automated Resectability Classification of Pancreatic Cancer CT Reports with Privacy-Preserving Open-Weight Large Language Models: A Multicenter Study","display_name":"Automated Resectability Classification of Pancreatic Cancer CT Reports with Privacy-Preserving Open-Weight Large Language Models: A Multicenter Study","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414491098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-025-02248-2","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40991110"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10916-025-02248-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-025-02248-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37151855","display_name":"Journal of Medical Systems","issn_l":"0148-5598","issn":["0148-5598","1573-689X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100694553","display_name":"Jeong Hyun Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7125-8899"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143602","display_name":"Chungnam National University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04353mq94","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196345858","https://openalex.org/I4210143602"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161026","display_name":"Chungbuk National University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05529q263","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163753206","https://openalex.org/I4210161026"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802194831","display_name":"Samsung Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05a15z872","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I2802194831"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jeong Hyun Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea","Department of Radiology, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea","Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802194831","https://openalex.org/I848706"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161026"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053703127","display_name":"Ji Hye Min","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8496-6771"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802194831","display_name":"Samsung Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05a15z872","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I2802194831"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji Hye Min","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea. minjh1123@gmail.com"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea. minjh1123@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802194831"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058821805","display_name":"Kyowon Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2494-018X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802194831","display_name":"Samsung Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05a15z872","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I2802194831"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyowon Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802194831","https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103691484","display_name":"Seungchul Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4129-301X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802194831","display_name":"Samsung Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05a15z872","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I2802194831"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seungchul Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802194831","https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064329032","display_name":"Jeong Ah Hwang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8012-995X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802194831","display_name":"Samsung Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05a15z872","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I2802194831"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeong Ah Hwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802194831","https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075837214","display_name":"Seo\u2010Youn Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2434-8779"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24541011","display_name":"Soonchunhyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/03qjsrb10","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24541011"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63562232","display_name":"Bucheon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03w9szr81","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63562232"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802194831","display_name":"Samsung Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05a15z872","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I2802194831"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seo-Youn Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea","Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802194831","https://openalex.org/I848706"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63562232","https://openalex.org/I24541011"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072745985","display_name":"Kyoung Doo Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2767-3622"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802194831","display_name":"Samsung Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05a15z872","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I2802194831"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyoung Doo Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802194831","https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100351240","display_name":"Jeong Eun Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6173-2748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143602","display_name":"Chungnam National University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04353mq94","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196345858","https://openalex.org/I4210143602"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802194831","display_name":"Samsung Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05a15z872","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I2802194831"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161026","display_name":"Chungbuk National University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05529q263","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163753206","https://openalex.org/I4210161026"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeong Eun Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea","Department of Radiology, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea","Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802194831","https://openalex.org/I848706"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161026"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100762462","display_name":"Jisun Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6264-7171"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143602","display_name":"Chungnam National University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04353mq94","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196345858","https://openalex.org/I4210143602"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161026","display_name":"Chungbuk National University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05529q263","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163753206","https://openalex.org/I4210161026"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802194831","display_name":"Samsung Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05a15z872","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I2802194831"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jisun Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea","Department of Radiology, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea","Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802194831","https://openalex.org/I848706"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161026"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034842996","display_name":"Ji Eun Moon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7293-7463"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146824383","display_name":"Hallym University","ror":"https://ror.org/03sbhge02","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146824383"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji Eun Moon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Kangdong Seong-Sim Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Kangdong Seong-Sim Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146824383"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104678784","display_name":"Hasmik Adetyan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282927834","display_name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02pammg90","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282927834"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hasmik Adetyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282927834"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024244120","display_name":"Ju Dong Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7834-9825"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282927834","display_name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02pammg90","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282927834"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ju Dong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282927834"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100694553"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802194831","https://openalex.org/I4210143602","https://openalex.org/I4210161026","https://openalex.org/I848706"],"apc_list":{"value":3390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":4390},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2907,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83755853,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"1","first_page":"118","last_page":"118"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11894","display_name":"Radiology practices and education","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiological-weapon","display_name":"Radiological weapon","score":0.593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logistic-regression","display_name":"Logistic regression","score":0.4837999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pancreatic-cancer","display_name":"Pancreatic cancer","score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-extraction","display_name":"Data extraction","score":0.390500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.38440001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pancreatic-ductal-adenocarcinoma","display_name":"Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","score":0.3718000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multicenter-study","display_name":"Multicenter study","score":0.36419999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recall","display_name":"Recall","score":0.3303000032901764}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190892606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3512464","display_name":"Radiological weapon","level":2,"score":0.593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5708000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.4837999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780210213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212961","display_name":"Pancreatic cancer","level":3,"score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777466982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227287","display_name":"Data extraction","level":3,"score":0.390500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.38440001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992026798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212961","display_name":"Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","level":4,"score":0.3718000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992435398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934595","display_name":"Multicenter study","level":3,"score":0.36419999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3506999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.3303000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32989999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3260999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544519230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32566","display_name":"Computed tomography","level":2,"score":0.30959999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018023364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Significant difference","level":2,"score":0.295199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.2874000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81669768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2359161","display_name":"Precision and recall","level":2,"score":0.27950000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020132585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2671652","display_name":"Diagnostic accuracy","level":2,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16910744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705759","display_name":"Test data","level":2,"score":0.25189998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.25}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000098342","descriptor_name":"Large Language Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098342","descriptor_name":"Large Language Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098342","descriptor_name":"Large Language Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010190","descriptor_name":"Pancreatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010190","descriptor_name":"Pancreatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010190","descriptor_name":"Pancreatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010190","descriptor_name":"Pancreatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010190","descriptor_name":"Pancreatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010190","descriptor_name":"Pancreatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010190","descriptor_name":"Pancreatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010190","descriptor_name":"Pancreatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010190","descriptor_name":"Pancreatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D021441","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D021441","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D021441","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D021441","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D021441","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D021441","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10916-025-02248-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-025-02248-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37151855","display_name":"Journal of Medical Systems","issn_l":"0148-5598","issn":["0148-5598","1573-689X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40991110","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40991110","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of medical systems","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3694807721","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2023-00222838","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6478477900","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2023-0030516","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322107","funder_display_name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322107","display_name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00fdzyk40"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1951724000","https://openalex.org/W1966743541","https://openalex.org/W1978651988","https://openalex.org/W1985380810","https://openalex.org/W2006509054","https://openalex.org/W2097141591","https://openalex.org/W2181523240","https://openalex.org/W2502134830","https://openalex.org/W2612016156","https://openalex.org/W2897346547","https://openalex.org/W2972413771","https://openalex.org/W2979826702","https://openalex.org/W3001603296","https://openalex.org/W3003257820","https://openalex.org/W3103145119","https://openalex.org/W3205656744","https://openalex.org/W3213086336","https://openalex.org/W4221143046","https://openalex.org/W4292119927","https://openalex.org/W4292779060","https://openalex.org/W4362522726","https://openalex.org/W4379051945","https://openalex.org/W4385014449","https://openalex.org/W4387561528","https://openalex.org/W4392353733","https://openalex.org/W4392616695","https://openalex.org/W4394610575","https://openalex.org/W4395049422","https://openalex.org/W4396746469","https://openalex.org/W4399781895","https://openalex.org/W4401306886","https://openalex.org/W4401306979","https://openalex.org/W4402516030","https://openalex.org/W4402891150","https://openalex.org/W4403298606","https://openalex.org/W4406366945","https://openalex.org/W4406904172","https://openalex.org/W4409743051"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}