{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408405940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-025-02167-2","title":"Using Generative AI to Extract Structured Information from Free Text Pathology Reports","display_name":"Using Generative AI to Extract Structured Information from Free Text Pathology Reports","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408405940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-025-02167-2","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40080229"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10916-025-02167-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-025-02167-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10916-025-02167-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37151855","display_name":"Journal of Medical Systems","issn_l":"0148-5598","issn":["0148-5598","1573-689X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10916-025-02167-2.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079172513","display_name":"Farah Shahid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6534-868X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47519274","display_name":"Taipei Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05031qk94","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fahad Shahid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Institute of Data Science, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. fahad1.shahid@gmail.com","Graduate Institute of Data Science, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Data Science, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. fahad1.shahid@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Data Science, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053967430","display_name":"Min\u2010Huei Hsu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0383-4302"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158385","display_name":"Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04k9dce70","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158385"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164862","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/05p590m36","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47519274","display_name":"Taipei Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05031qk94","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]}],"countries":["CA","TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min-Huei Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, Shuang-Ho Hospital-Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. 701056@tmu.edu.tw","Graduate Institute of Data Science, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. 701056@tmu.edu.tw","International Ph.D. Program in Biotech and Healthcare Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. 701056@tmu.edu.tw","Professional Master Program in Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. 701056@tmu.edu.tw","School of Healthcare Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. 701056@tmu.edu.tw","Graduate Institute of Data Science, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Shuang-Ho Hospital-Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. 701056@tmu.edu.tw","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158385"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Data Science, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. 701056@tmu.edu.tw","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Ph.D. Program in Biotech and Healthcare Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. 701056@tmu.edu.tw","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professional Master Program in Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. 701056@tmu.edu.tw","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47519274","https://openalex.org/I4210164862"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Healthcare Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. 701056@tmu.edu.tw","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Data Science, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018928362","display_name":"Yung\u2010Chun Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9634-8380"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47519274","display_name":"Taipei Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05031qk94","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yung-Chun Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Institute of Data Science, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan","International Ph.D. Program in Biotech and Healthcare Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan","Professional Master Program in Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan","School of Healthcare Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Data Science, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Ph.D. Program in Biotech and Healthcare Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professional Master Program in Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Healthcare Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064417740","display_name":"Wen\u2010Shan Jian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1739-4398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47519274","display_name":"Taipei Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05031qk94","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen-Shan Jian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Institute of Data Science, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan","International Ph.D. Program in Biotech and Healthcare Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan","Professional Master Program in Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan","School of Healthcare Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Data Science, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Ph.D. Program in Biotech and Healthcare Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professional Master Program in Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Healthcare Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079172513"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"],"apc_list":{"value":3390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":4390},"apc_paid":{"value":3390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":4390},"fwci":6.9961,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96853382,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"1","first_page":"36","last_page":"36"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7048625349998474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalizability-theory","display_name":"Generalizability theory","score":0.6108853816986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-informatics","display_name":"Health informatics","score":0.562127411365509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unstructured-data","display_name":"Unstructured data","score":0.5064283609390259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4451540410518646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3212568163871765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.30080175399780273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.25717347860336304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.2506433129310608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-data","display_name":"Big data","score":0.1551838517189026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health","display_name":"Public health","score":0.14304593205451965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.11219212412834167}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7048625349998474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27158222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532422","display_name":"Generalizability theory","level":2,"score":0.6108853816986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145642194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870895","display_name":"Health informatics","level":3,"score":0.562127411365509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781252014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141900","display_name":"Unstructured data","level":3,"score":0.5064283609390259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4451540410518646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3212568163871765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.30080175399780273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.25717347860336304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2506433129310608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.1551838517189026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.14304593205451965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.11219212412834167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013624","descriptor_name":"Taiwan","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013624","descriptor_name":"Taiwan","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013624","descriptor_name":"Taiwan","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10916-025-02167-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-025-02167-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10916-025-02167-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37151855","display_name":"Journal of Medical Systems","issn_l":"0148-5598","issn":["0148-5598","1573-689X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40080229","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40080229","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of medical systems","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11906504","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11906504","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11906504/pdf/10916_2025_Article_2167.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Med Syst","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10916-025-02167-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-025-02167-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10916-025-02167-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37151855","display_name":"Journal of Medical Systems","issn_l":"0148-5598","issn":["0148-5598","1573-689X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322814","display_name":"Taipei Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05031qk94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4408405940.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1696053030","https://openalex.org/W2611254939","https://openalex.org/W2903272045","https://openalex.org/W2936894186","https://openalex.org/W2940935157","https://openalex.org/W2974437627","https://openalex.org/W3129922404","https://openalex.org/W3164323420","https://openalex.org/W4224311357","https://openalex.org/W4292318690","https://openalex.org/W4308522603","https://openalex.org/W4362522726","https://openalex.org/W4365458667","https://openalex.org/W4365503946","https://openalex.org/W4367626167","https://openalex.org/W4385266429","https://openalex.org/W4385880828","https://openalex.org/W4386600237","https://openalex.org/W4386932783","https://openalex.org/W4389792145","https://openalex.org/W4391836235","https://openalex.org/W4395047583"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2218797720","https://openalex.org/W4295797343","https://openalex.org/W2413102523","https://openalex.org/W2981089724","https://openalex.org/W4390701126","https://openalex.org/W2261525379","https://openalex.org/W2805468299","https://openalex.org/W2889935511","https://openalex.org/W3143721902","https://openalex.org/W4231652189"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Manually":[0],"converting":[1,91],"unstructured":[2,55,92],"text":[3,94,111],"pathology":[4,8,32,58,121,150,210],"reports":[5,9,59,122,151],"into":[6,95],"structured":[7,96,221],"is":[10,116],"very":[11],"time-consuming":[12],"and":[13,49,107,123,157,166,190],"prone":[14],"to":[15,79,103,118,141,148,161,178],"errors.":[16],"This":[17,82],"study":[18,115,199],"demonstrates":[19],"the":[20,28,35,47,70,75,86,105,137,143,164,169,180,188,207,220],"transformative":[21],"potential":[22,102],"of":[23,30,51,88,109,145,168,182,192,197,209,223],"generative":[24,183,202],"AI":[25,71,89,184,203],"in":[26,90,185,215],"automating":[27],"analysis":[29,222],"free-text":[31],"reports.":[33],"Employing":[34],"ChatGPT":[36],"Large":[37],"Language":[38],"Model":[39],"within":[40],"a":[41,66,133],"Streamlit":[42],"web":[43],"application,":[44],"we":[45,139,176],"automated":[46],"extraction":[48],"structuring":[50],"information":[52],"from":[53,60,129],"33":[54],"breast":[56,119],"cancer":[57,120,154],"Taipei":[61],"Medical":[62],"University":[63],"Hospital.":[64],"Achieving":[65],"99.61%":[67],"accuracy":[68],"rate,":[69],"system":[72],"notably":[73],"reduced":[74],"processing":[76],"time":[77],"compared":[78],"traditional":[80],"methods.":[81],"not":[83],"only":[84],"underscores":[85],"efficacy":[87],"medical":[93,110,225],"data":[97,127,193],"but":[98],"also":[99],"highlights":[100],"its":[101],"enhance":[104],"efficiency":[106],"reliability":[108,191],"analysis.":[112],"However,":[113],"this":[114,146,173,198],"limited":[117],"was":[124],"conducted":[125],"using":[126],"obtained":[128],"hospitals":[130],"associated":[131],"with":[132],"single":[134],"institution.":[135],"In":[136],"future,":[138],"plan":[140],"expand":[142],"scope":[144],"research":[147,217],"include":[149],"for":[152],"other":[153],"types":[155],"incrementally":[156],"conduct":[158],"external":[159],"validation":[160],"further":[162],"substantiate":[163,179],"robustness":[165],"generalizability":[167],"proposed":[170],"system.":[171],"Through":[172],"technological":[174],"integration,":[175],"aimed":[177],"capabilities":[181],"improving":[186],"both":[187],"speed":[189],"processing.":[194],"The":[195],"outcomes":[196],"affirm":[200],"that":[201],"can":[204],"significantly":[205],"transform":[206],"handling":[208],"reports,":[211],"promising":[212],"substantial":[213],"advancements":[214],"biomedical":[216],"by":[218],"facilitating":[219],"complex":[224],"data.":[226]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-05-17T08:19:37.847499","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}