{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1120651397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-015-0311-6","title":"A Type-2 Fuzzy Image Processing Expert System for Diagnosing Brain Tumors","display_name":"A Type-2 Fuzzy Image Processing Expert System for Diagnosing Brain Tumors","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-08-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1120651397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-015-0311-6","mag":"1120651397","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26276018"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10916-015-0311-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-015-0311-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37151855","display_name":"Journal of Medical Systems","issn_l":"0148-5598","issn":["0148-5598","1573-689X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004770177","display_name":"Marzieh Zarinbal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9284-7329"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158248296","display_name":"Amirkabir University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gzbav43","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Zarinbal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, mzarinbal@aut.ac.ir","Department of Industrial Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, mzarinbal@aut.ac.ir","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107430422","display_name":"M.H. Fazel Zarandi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158248296","display_name":"Amirkabir University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gzbav43","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA","IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. H. Fazel Zarandi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran","Knowledge Intelligent Systems Laboratory, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Knowledge Intelligent Systems Laboratory, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108370016","display_name":"\u0130.B. T\u00fcrk\u015fen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13236232","display_name":"TOBB University of Economics and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03ewx7v96","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13236232"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA","TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"I. B. Turksen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Knowledge Intelligent Systems Laboratory, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","TOBB Economics and Technology University, Ankara, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Knowledge Intelligent Systems Laboratory, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TOBB Economics and Technology University, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13236232"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033902274","display_name":"Mohammad Izadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3561-3942"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801852087","display_name":"Milad Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03jayhg97","country_code":"IR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801852087"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Izadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sub-special Neurosurgery, Milad Hospital, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sub-special Neurosurgery, Milad Hospital, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801852087"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004770177","https://openalex.org/A5108370016"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13236232","https://openalex.org/I158248296","https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":{"value":3390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":4390},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0431,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85732942,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"10","first_page":"110","last_page":"110"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10820","display_name":"Fuzzy Logic and Control Systems","score":0.9775999784469604,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9750000238418579,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7650824189186096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.7109821438789368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6670917272567749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5647610425949097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5509891510009766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5319647789001465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference-engine","display_name":"Inference engine","score":0.5245604515075684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.4872359335422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.48509395122528076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.44222551584243774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.4382012188434601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.43378353118896484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.4060070514678955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.22809860110282898}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7650824189186096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.7109821438789368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6670917272567749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5647610425949097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5509891510009766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5319647789001465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46743427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1341685","display_name":"Inference engine","level":3,"score":0.5245604515075684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4872359335422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.48509395122528076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.44222551584243774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.4382012188434601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.43378353118896484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.4060070514678955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.22809860110282898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001254","descriptor_name":"Astrocytoma","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001254","descriptor_name":"Astrocytoma","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001254","descriptor_name":"Astrocytoma","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001254","descriptor_name":"Astrocytoma","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001254","descriptor_name":"Astrocytoma","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001254","descriptor_name":"Astrocytoma","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005103","descriptor_name":"Expert Systems","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005103","descriptor_name":"Expert Systems","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005103","descriptor_name":"Expert Systems","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017143","descriptor_name":"Fuzzy Logic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017143","descriptor_name":"Fuzzy Logic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017143","descriptor_name":"Fuzzy Logic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10916-015-0311-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-015-0311-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37151855","display_name":"Journal of Medical Systems","issn_l":"0148-5598","issn":["0148-5598","1573-689X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:26276018","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26276018","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of medical systems","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W137136594","https://openalex.org/W594245572","https://openalex.org/W608828860","https://openalex.org/W1490338671","https://openalex.org/W1505839197","https://openalex.org/W1506806321","https://openalex.org/W1526436178","https://openalex.org/W1575739010","https://openalex.org/W1580963329","https://openalex.org/W1601795611","https://openalex.org/W1604884297","https://openalex.org/W1663973292","https://openalex.org/W1733356372","https://openalex.org/W1965016852","https://openalex.org/W1967163031","https://openalex.org/W1967551258","https://openalex.org/W1973892392","https://openalex.org/W1975665827","https://openalex.org/W1982026184","https://openalex.org/W1987082149","https://openalex.org/W1989907351","https://openalex.org/W1996546081","https://openalex.org/W2001346643","https://openalex.org/W2006472518","https://openalex.org/W2006668996","https://openalex.org/W2018162007","https://openalex.org/W2026664397","https://openalex.org/W2028071616","https://openalex.org/W2032084149","https://openalex.org/W2037764492","https://openalex.org/W2039710390","https://openalex.org/W2055906658","https://openalex.org/W2061079740","https://openalex.org/W2063131317","https://openalex.org/W2064817890","https://openalex.org/W2072199060","https://openalex.org/W2079045904","https://openalex.org/W2082984639","https://openalex.org/W2103535990","https://openalex.org/W2113224918","https://openalex.org/W2113641540","https://openalex.org/W2116531017","https://openalex.org/W2116654471","https://openalex.org/W2121782222","https://openalex.org/W2127143632","https://openalex.org/W2127779261","https://openalex.org/W2128921268","https://openalex.org/W2132885717","https://openalex.org/W2133286538","https://openalex.org/W2137308892","https://openalex.org/W2143637592","https://openalex.org/W2146490263","https://openalex.org/W2155501281","https://openalex.org/W2240829341","https://openalex.org/W2483347049","https://openalex.org/W2798919688","https://openalex.org/W2799061466","https://openalex.org/W3134136921","https://openalex.org/W6791130320","https://openalex.org/W7074670077"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2517104666","https://openalex.org/W2005437358","https://openalex.org/W1669643531","https://openalex.org/W2008656436","https://openalex.org/W2134924024","https://openalex.org/W2023558673","https://openalex.org/W2110230079","https://openalex.org/W2391959412","https://openalex.org/W2126100045","https://openalex.org/W2546942002"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T15:47:20.252518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
