{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415842017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10915-025-03106-6","title":"Verifiability and Limit Consistency of Eddy Viscosity Large Eddy Simulation Reduced Order Models","display_name":"Verifiability and Limit Consistency of Eddy Viscosity Large Eddy Simulation Reduced Order Models","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415842017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10915-025-03106-6"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10915-025-03106-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10915-025-03106-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10915-025-03106-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151550017","display_name":"Journal of Scientific Computing","issn_l":"0885-7474","issn":["0885-7474","1573-7691"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Scientific Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10915-025-03106-6.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020105092","display_name":"Jorge Reyes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5096-2297"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jorge Reyes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5096-2297","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041558213","display_name":"Ping-Hsuan Tsai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping-Hsuan Tsai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2388-7580","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016104069","display_name":"IC Moore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1121-1979"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ian Moore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1121-1979","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073725832","display_name":"Honghu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9226-0744"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Honghu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063855550","display_name":"Traian Iliescu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1437-7362"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Traian Iliescu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1437-7362","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020105092"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"fwci":1.1805,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83769548,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"105","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11206","display_name":"Model Reduction and Neural Networks","score":0.9742000102996826,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11206","display_name":"Model Reduction and Neural Networks","score":0.9742000102996826,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10360","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11254","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Vibration Analysis","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limit","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","score":0.5073999762535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/closure","display_name":"Closure (psychology)","score":0.4805000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-eddy-simulation","display_name":"Large eddy simulation","score":0.4496000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounded-function","display_name":"Bounded function","score":0.3921000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reynolds-number","display_name":"Reynolds number","score":0.38940000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/burgers-equation","display_name":"Burgers' equation","score":0.37709999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.37119999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbulence-modeling","display_name":"Turbulence modeling","score":0.3497999906539917}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.6955999732017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151201525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5073999762535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146834321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2979672","display_name":"Closure (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4805000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121448008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755722","display_name":"Large eddy simulation","level":3,"score":0.4496000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3961000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34388435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267362","display_name":"Bounded function","level":2,"score":0.3921000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182748727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178932","display_name":"Reynolds number","level":3,"score":0.38940000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129747778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1014918","display_name":"Burgers' equation","level":3,"score":0.37709999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.37119999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.3700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204573209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1417609","display_name":"Turbulence modeling","level":3,"score":0.3497999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.32330000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777686260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q144037","display_name":"Calculus (dental)","level":2,"score":0.30970001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.301800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.2720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43169469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580922","display_name":"Preprint","level":2,"score":0.2644999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127172972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128709","display_name":"Viscosity","level":2,"score":0.2630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780069185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7977945","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","level":2,"score":0.25850000977516174}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10915-025-03106-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10915-025-03106-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10915-025-03106-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151550017","display_name":"Journal of Scientific Computing","issn_l":"0885-7474","issn":["0885-7474","1573-7691"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Scientific Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10915-025-03106-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10915-025-03106-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10915-025-03106-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151550017","display_name":"Journal of Scientific Computing","issn_l":"0885-7474","issn":["0885-7474","1573-7691"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Scientific Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3000645326","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2012253","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G559586922","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2407483","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332172","funder_display_name":"Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6679750710","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2012253","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332172","funder_display_name":"Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6747301150","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DMS-2012253","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332172","display_name":"Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/029b7h395"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415842017.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415842017.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W209265777","https://openalex.org/W1261010427","https://openalex.org/W1521778258","https://openalex.org/W1602206835","https://openalex.org/W1989201550","https://openalex.org/W1989951672","https://openalex.org/W2006254762","https://openalex.org/W2035934750","https://openalex.org/W2042261731","https://openalex.org/W2051862019","https://openalex.org/W2051994050","https://openalex.org/W2073594627","https://openalex.org/W2074447412","https://openalex.org/W2078045751","https://openalex.org/W2110967954","https://openalex.org/W2112823474","https://openalex.org/W2114922538","https://openalex.org/W2161064845","https://openalex.org/W2167657437","https://openalex.org/W2168795429","https://openalex.org/W2604065733","https://openalex.org/W2753767701","https://openalex.org/W2892740672","https://openalex.org/W2962703848","https://openalex.org/W2963056102","https://openalex.org/W2964307019","https://openalex.org/W2993817323","https://openalex.org/W3011566663","https://openalex.org/W3033061172","https://openalex.org/W3095414964","https://openalex.org/W3190313008","https://openalex.org/W3212742333","https://openalex.org/W4213358180","https://openalex.org/W4297678927","https://openalex.org/W4300493681","https://openalex.org/W4311425912","https://openalex.org/W4383901336","https://openalex.org/W4386208143","https://openalex.org/W4393099663","https://openalex.org/W4401331870","https://openalex.org/W4404094972","https://openalex.org/W4404355858","https://openalex.org/W4404577672","https://openalex.org/W4406268763","https://openalex.org/W4406918292","https://openalex.org/W4414100988","https://openalex.org/W7077077606"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Large":[1],"eddy":[2],"simulation":[3],"reduced":[4],"order":[5],"models":[6],"(LES-ROMs)":[7],"are":[8,38,132],"ROMs":[9,24,33],"that":[10,97,127,136,194],"leverage":[11],"LES":[12],"ideas":[13],"(e.g.,":[14,27,34],"filtering":[15],"and":[16,22,82,94,125,130,150,180,187,207],"closure":[17,41,110],"modeling)":[18],"to":[19,104,155,161],"construct":[20],"accurate":[21],"efficient":[23],"for":[25,78],"convection-dominated":[26,192],"turbulent)":[28],"flows.":[29],"Eddy":[30],"viscosity":[31,51],"(EV)":[32],"Smagorinsky":[35],"ROM":[36,55,61,99,109,118,139,152,158],"(S-ROM))":[37],"LES-ROMs":[39],"whose":[40],"model":[42],"consists":[43],"of":[44,67,91,117,144,169,183],"a":[45,65,105,122,203],"diffusion-like":[46],"operator":[47],"in":[48,189],"which":[49,63],"the":[50,54,59,68,79,83,89,92,98,108,115,128,138,142,145,151,157,162,167,170,178,184,198,208],"depends":[52],"on":[53],"velocity.":[56],"We":[57,87,113],"propose":[58],"Ladyzhenskaya":[60],"(L-ROM),":[62],"is":[64,101],"generalization":[66],"S-ROM.":[69],"Furthermore,":[70],"we":[71,175],"prove":[72,88,126],"two":[73,190],"fundamental":[74],"numerical":[75],"analysis":[76],"results":[77],"new":[80,185],"L-ROM":[81,93,129,186],"classical":[84],"S-ROM:":[85],"(i)":[86],"verifiability":[90,179],"S-ROM,":[95],"i.e.,":[96,135,166],"error":[100],"bounded":[102],"(up":[103],"constant)":[106],"by":[107],"error.":[111],"(ii)":[112],"introduce":[114],"concept":[116],"limit":[119,133,181],"consistency":[120,182],"(in":[121],"discrete":[123],"sense),":[124],"S-ROM":[131,188],"consistent,":[134],"as":[137],"dimension":[140],"approaches":[141],"rank":[143],"snapshot":[146],"matrix,":[147],"d":[148,171],",":[149,165],"lengthscale":[153],"goes":[154],"zero,":[156],"solution":[159,168],"converges":[160],"\u201ctrue":[163],"solution\"":[164],"-dimensional":[172],"ROM.":[173],"Finally,":[174],"illustrate":[176],"numerically":[177],"under-resolved":[191],"problems":[193],"display":[195],"sharp":[196],"gradients:":[197],"1D":[199],"Burgers":[200],"equation":[201],"with":[202],"small":[204],"diffusion":[205],"coefficient;":[206],"2D":[209],"lid-driven":[210],"cavity":[211],"flow":[212],"at":[213],"Reynolds":[214],"number":[215],"$$\\textrm{Re}=15,000$$":[216],"<mml:math":[217],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\">":[218],"<mml:mrow>":[219],"<mml:mtext>Re</mml:mtext>":[220],"<mml:mo>=</mml:mo>":[221],"<mml:mn>15</mml:mn>":[222],"<mml:mo>,</mml:mo>":[223],"<mml:mn>000</mml:mn>":[224],"</mml:mrow>":[225],"</mml:math>":[226],".":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T14:07:55.174380","created_date":"2025-11-04T00:00:00"}