{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1983276997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10852-004-6390-x","title":"A Sausage Heuristic for Steiner Minimal Trees in Three-Dimensional Euclidean Space","display_name":"A Sausage Heuristic for Steiner Minimal Trees in Three-Dimensional Euclidean Space","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-05-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1983276997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10852-004-6390-x","mag":"1983276997"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10852-004-6390-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10852-004-6390-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80764785","display_name":"Journal of Mathematical Modelling and Algorithms","issn_l":"1570-1166","issn":["1570-1166","1572-9214"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Mathematical Modelling and Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068292977","display_name":"Badri Toppur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9667-7339"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I213512949","display_name":"T A Pai Management Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05saacc29","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I213512949"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Badri Toppur","raw_affiliation_strings":["T.A.Pai Management Institute, Manipal Karnataka, 576104, India","T A Pai Management Institute, Manipal, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"T.A.Pai Management Institute, Manipal Karnataka, 576104, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I213512949"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"T A Pai Management Institute, Manipal, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I213512949"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101974532","display_name":"J. MacGregor Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6147-5806"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. MacGregor Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of MIE, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA","Department of MIE, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of MIE, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of MIE, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068292977"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I213512949"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10651103,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"2","first_page":"199","last_page":"217"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10996","display_name":"Computational Geometry and Mesh Generation","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10996","display_name":"Computational Geometry and Mesh Generation","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9851999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.983299970626831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steiner-tree-problem","display_name":"Steiner tree problem","score":0.8195642828941345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.7387233972549438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.7344855070114136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertex","display_name":"Vertex (graph theory)","score":0.5635611414909363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/euclidean-minimum-spanning-tree","display_name":"Euclidean minimum spanning tree","score":0.4643791913986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.44448918104171753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.44037431478500366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.4155965745449066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric-space","display_name":"Metric space","score":0.4139053225517273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-spanning-tree","display_name":"Minimum spanning tree","score":0.41328728199005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-degree-spanning-tree","display_name":"Minimum degree spanning tree","score":0.24822404980659485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.18682098388671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.07885771989822388}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76220878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1764144","display_name":"Steiner tree problem","level":2,"score":0.8195642828941345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.7387233972549438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.7344855070114136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80899671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1304193","display_name":"Vertex (graph theory)","level":3,"score":0.5635611414909363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145685049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4454941","display_name":"Euclidean minimum spanning tree","level":4,"score":0.4643791913986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.44448918104171753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.44037431478500366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.4155965745449066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198043062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180953","display_name":"Metric space","level":2,"score":0.4139053225517273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13743678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q240464","display_name":"Minimum spanning tree","level":2,"score":0.41328728199005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64271015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865444","display_name":"Minimum degree spanning tree","level":3,"score":0.24822404980659485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.18682098388671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.07885771989822388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10852-004-6390-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10852-004-6390-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80764785","display_name":"Journal of Mathematical Modelling and Algorithms","issn_l":"1570-1166","issn":["1570-1166","1572-9214"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Mathematical Modelling and Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1508240458","https://openalex.org/W1513400187","https://openalex.org/W1603536826","https://openalex.org/W1965680834","https://openalex.org/W1990488643","https://openalex.org/W2011039300","https://openalex.org/W2017927472","https://openalex.org/W2024833542","https://openalex.org/W2026745357","https://openalex.org/W2060380213","https://openalex.org/W2064791171","https://openalex.org/W2073692857","https://openalex.org/W2086709935","https://openalex.org/W2088967712","https://openalex.org/W2094055387","https://openalex.org/W2149509209","https://openalex.org/W2153504150","https://openalex.org/W2172222998","https://openalex.org/W2727854388","https://openalex.org/W3026407818","https://openalex.org/W3148632216"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2059360098","https://openalex.org/W1561849181","https://openalex.org/W3187208706","https://openalex.org/W1584380088","https://openalex.org/W98489388","https://openalex.org/W4318676427","https://openalex.org/W2092979316","https://openalex.org/W2183553443","https://openalex.org/W3081212354","https://openalex.org/W2556526414"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T15:47:20.252518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}