{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4242375083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10844-008-0057-4","title":"Introduction","display_name":"Introduction","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-04-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4242375083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10844-008-0057-4"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10844-008-0057-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10844-008-0057-4","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10844-008-0057-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36033921","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent Information Systems","issn_l":"0925-9902","issn":["0925-9902","1573-7675"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10844-008-0057-4.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042251906","display_name":"Irwin King","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8106-6447"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Irwin King","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, People\u2019s Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086292931","display_name":"Christopher C. Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5463-6926"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher C. Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, William M. V. Mong Engineering Building, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, People\u2019s Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, William M. V. Mong Engineering Building, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042251906"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"],"apc_list":{"value":2490,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":null,"topics":[],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8383658528327942}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8383658528327942}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10844-008-0057-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10844-008-0057-4","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10844-008-0057-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36033921","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent Information Systems","issn_l":"0925-9902","issn":["0925-9902","1573-7675"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10844-008-0057-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10844-008-0057-4","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10844-008-0057-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36033921","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent Information Systems","issn_l":"0925-9902","issn":["0925-9902","1573-7675"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4242375083.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4242375083.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2130043461","https://openalex.org/W2530322880"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}