{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2155792611","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10827-009-0142-x","title":"Sensitivity of firing rate to input fluctuations depends on time scale separation between fast and slow variables in single neurons","display_name":"Sensitivity of firing rate to input fluctuations depends on time scale separation between fast and slow variables in single neurons","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-04-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2155792611","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10827-009-0142-x","mag":"2155792611","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19353260"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10827-009-0142-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10827-009-0142-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27455496","display_name":"Journal of Computational Neuroscience","issn_l":"0929-5313","issn":["0929-5313","1573-6873"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computational Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077007979","display_name":"Brian N. Lundstrom","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-5549"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Brian Nils Lundstrom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. lundbr@u.washington.edu","Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. lundbr@u.washington.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089906522","display_name":"Michael Famulare","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9275-7454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Famulare","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065303528","display_name":"L. B. Sorensen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Larry B. Sorensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103199363","display_name":"William J. Spain","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094549","display_name":"VA Puget Sound Health Care System","ror":"https://ror.org/00ky3az31","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210094549","https://openalex.org/I4210138024"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William J. Spain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA","Neurology Section, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 1660 South Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurology Section, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 1660 South Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094549"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077273776","display_name":"Adrienne L. Fairhall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6779-953X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adrienne L. Fairhall","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077007979"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3390},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3914,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8844697,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"2","first_page":"277","last_page":"290"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11513","display_name":"stochastic dynamics and bifurcation","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.6599269509315491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/separation","display_name":"Separation (statistics)","score":0.5408852696418762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.43730106949806213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.3898935914039612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3515530228614807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-system","display_name":"Biological system","score":0.3248307704925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2860395312309265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2372564971446991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2331705093383789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.20165780186653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.1624748706817627}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.6599269509315491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451805","display_name":"Separation (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5408852696418762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.43730106949806213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.3898935914039612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3515530228614807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.3248307704925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2860395312309265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2372564971446991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2331705093383789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.20165780186653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1624748706817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002462","descriptor_name":"Cell Membrane","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002462","descriptor_name":"Cell Membrane","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002462","descriptor_name":"Cell Membrane","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002462","descriptor_name":"Cell Membrane","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002490","descriptor_name":"Central Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002490","descriptor_name":"Central Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002490","descriptor_name":"Central Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002490","descriptor_name":"Central Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008564","descriptor_name":"Membrane Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008564","descriptor_name":"Membrane Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008564","descriptor_name":"Membrane Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008564","descriptor_name":"Membrane Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009415","descriptor_name":"Nerve Net","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009415","descriptor_name":"Nerve Net","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009415","descriptor_name":"Nerve Net","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009415","descriptor_name":"Nerve Net","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10827-009-0142-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10827-009-0142-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27455496","display_name":"Journal of Computational Neuroscience","issn_l":"0929-5313","issn":["0929-5313","1573-6873"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computational Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19353260","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19353260","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of computational neuroscience","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8899999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W345956458","https://openalex.org/W1486735428","https://openalex.org/W1512746852","https://openalex.org/W1542177822","https://openalex.org/W1542782021","https://openalex.org/W1576838367","https://openalex.org/W1976065213","https://openalex.org/W1976094235","https://openalex.org/W1985940938","https://openalex.org/W1995747963","https://openalex.org/W1996722526","https://openalex.org/W1996954534","https://openalex.org/W2001388733","https://openalex.org/W2003596076","https://openalex.org/W2003743055","https://openalex.org/W2006491974","https://openalex.org/W2013374996","https://openalex.org/W2016672252","https://openalex.org/W2025687881","https://openalex.org/W2029030701","https://openalex.org/W2032774941","https://openalex.org/W2039725533","https://openalex.org/W2046424015","https://openalex.org/W2046468368","https://openalex.org/W2048882619","https://openalex.org/W2054326290","https://openalex.org/W2058636079","https://openalex.org/W2101532981","https://openalex.org/W2116771774","https://openalex.org/W2120259469","https://openalex.org/W2125421120","https://openalex.org/W2125733184","https://openalex.org/W2129046573","https://openalex.org/W2132593434","https://openalex.org/W2137048459","https://openalex.org/W2143156542","https://openalex.org/W2152637387","https://openalex.org/W2152896566","https://openalex.org/W2160645575","https://openalex.org/W2160999198","https://openalex.org/W2171849804","https://openalex.org/W2188850810","https://openalex.org/W2605543710","https://openalex.org/W2995136929","https://openalex.org/W4210393036","https://openalex.org/W4238614602","https://openalex.org/W6632565693","https://openalex.org/W6779079321","https://openalex.org/W7055040554"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2071676784","https://openalex.org/W4292513318","https://openalex.org/W2287611352","https://openalex.org/W2021161555","https://openalex.org/W320684304","https://openalex.org/W1509352139","https://openalex.org/W4385464961","https://openalex.org/W4308092240","https://openalex.org/W4385829936","https://openalex.org/W2060903012"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-12T07:58:50.170612","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}