{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3046591311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10817-020-09554-z","title":"Simulating Strong Practical Proof Systems with Extended Resolution","display_name":"Simulating Strong Practical Proof Systems with Extended Resolution","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3046591311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10817-020-09554-z","mag":"3046591311"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10817-020-09554-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10817-020-09554-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10817-020-09554-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S99781599","display_name":"Journal of Automated Reasoning","issn_l":"0168-7433","issn":["0168-7433","1573-0670"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Automated Reasoning","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10817-020-09554-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065492303","display_name":"Benjamin Kiesl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3522-3653"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128801","display_name":"Helmholtz Center for Information Security","ror":"https://ror.org/02njgxr09","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I4210128801"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin Kiesl","raw_affiliation_strings":["CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128801"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065502548","display_name":"Adri\u00e1n Rebola-Pardo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9234-4377"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adri\u00e1n Rebola-Pardo","raw_affiliation_strings":["TU Wien, Vienna, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Wien, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025921874","display_name":"Marijn J. H. Heule","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5587-8801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marijn J. H. Heule","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082596567","display_name":"Armin Biere","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7170-9242"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Armin Biere","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065492303"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128801"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"fwci":0.4222,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68158845,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"64","issue":"7","first_page":"1247","last_page":"1267"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-proof","display_name":"Mathematical proof","score":0.8257374167442322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proof-complexity","display_name":"Proof complexity","score":0.7619568109512329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.6510426998138428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolution","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","score":0.647004246711731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satisfiability","display_name":"Satisfiability","score":0.5871034860610962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proof-theory","display_name":"Proof theory","score":0.4782787263393402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45803478360176086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4398342967033386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.439267635345459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-proof-theory","display_name":"Structural proof theory","score":0.42767333984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propositional-calculus","display_name":"Propositional calculus","score":0.4265945255756378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automated-theorem-proving","display_name":"Automated theorem proving","score":0.4209333658218384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proof-of-concept","display_name":"Proof of concept","score":0.41623786091804504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-proof","display_name":"Direct proof","score":0.4135914146900177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.30437761545181274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.10280323028564453}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108710211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11538","display_name":"Mathematical proof","level":2,"score":0.8257374167442322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105605280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7249999","display_name":"Proof complexity","level":3,"score":0.7619568109512329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.6510426998138428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.647004246711731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168773769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1350299","display_name":"Satisfiability","level":2,"score":0.5871034860610962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2318724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852732","display_name":"Proof theory","level":3,"score":0.4782787263393402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45803478360176086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4398342967033386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.439267635345459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195653647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7625047","display_name":"Structural proof theory","level":4,"score":0.42767333984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69562738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200694","display_name":"Propositional calculus","level":2,"score":0.4265945255756378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206880738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431667","display_name":"Automated theorem proving","level":2,"score":0.4209333658218384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124978682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1201019","display_name":"Proof of concept","level":2,"score":0.41623786091804504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161505775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3240280","display_name":"Direct proof","level":2,"score":0.4135914146900177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.30437761545181274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.10280323028564453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10817-020-09554-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10817-020-09554-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10817-020-09554-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S99781599","display_name":"Journal of Automated Reasoning","issn_l":"0168-7433","issn":["0168-7433","1573-0670"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Automated Reasoning","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10817-020-09554-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10817-020-09554-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10817-020-09554-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S99781599","display_name":"Journal of Automated Reasoning","issn_l":"0168-7433","issn":["0168-7433","1573-0670"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Automated Reasoning","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1657566898","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ICT15-103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321003","funder_display_name":"Vienna Science and Technology Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1975729292","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W1255-N23","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321181","funder_display_name":"Austrian Science Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2512157488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"VRG11-005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321003","funder_display_name":"Vienna Science and Technology Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7723619489","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCF- 1910438","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308943","display_name":"Microsoft Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321003","display_name":"Vienna Science and Technology Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/01f9mc681"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321181","display_name":"Austrian Science Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/013tf3c58"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3046591311.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3046591311.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W60439658","https://openalex.org/W134339645","https://openalex.org/W619146373","https://openalex.org/W1656268799","https://openalex.org/W1720224351","https://openalex.org/W1800789167","https://openalex.org/W1940223960","https://openalex.org/W1988083342","https://openalex.org/W1997158981","https://openalex.org/W1999067488","https://openalex.org/W2021870295","https://openalex.org/W2044560939","https://openalex.org/W2069767473","https://openalex.org/W2090857454","https://openalex.org/W2098022011","https://openalex.org/W2104094083","https://openalex.org/W2120791629","https://openalex.org/W2133527541","https://openalex.org/W2140733721","https://openalex.org/W2142785340","https://openalex.org/W2169428619","https://openalex.org/W2345876752","https://openalex.org/W2405867985","https://openalex.org/W2564212270","https://openalex.org/W2735859735","https://openalex.org/W2741154258","https://openalex.org/W2746765002","https://openalex.org/W2767717075","https://openalex.org/W2797038806","https://openalex.org/W2811000330","https://openalex.org/W2907057313","https://openalex.org/W2913257024","https://openalex.org/W2918119152","https://openalex.org/W2926909513","https://openalex.org/W3100251110"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2151894250","https://openalex.org/W187835144","https://openalex.org/W1983425037","https://openalex.org/W2263677784","https://openalex.org/W2120139360","https://openalex.org/W1548568192","https://openalex.org/W1586813864","https://openalex.org/W1614097270","https://openalex.org/W2599938050","https://openalex.org/W3046591311"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Proof":[1],"systems":[2,53,69,152],"for":[3,9,33,44,99],"propositional":[4,46],"logic":[5],"provide":[6],"the":[7,14,21,31,34,76,85,103,146,216],"basis":[8],"decision":[10],"procedures":[11],"that":[12,54,97,132,164],"determine":[13],"satisfiability":[15],"status":[16],"of":[17,25,37,66,95,105,148,210],"logical":[18],"formulas.":[19],"While":[20],"well-known":[22],"proof":[23,52,68,86,111,118,123,149,202],"system":[24,87,203],"extended":[26,138,157,166,211],"resolution\u2014introduced":[27],"by":[28,162],"Tseitin":[29],"in":[30,59,79,191],"sixties\u2014allows":[32],"compact":[35],"representation":[36],"proofs,":[38],"modern":[39],"SAT":[40,80],"solvers":[41],"(i.e.,":[42],"tools":[43,183],"deciding":[45],"logic)":[47],"are":[48,153],"based":[49,204],"on":[50,205],"different":[51],"capture":[55],"practical":[56],"solving":[57],"techniques":[58],"an":[60],"elegant":[61],"way.":[62],"The":[63],"most":[64],"popular":[65],"these":[67],"is":[70,74,124,213],"likely":[71],"DRAT,":[72],"which":[73],"considered":[75],"de-facto":[77],"standard":[78],"solving.":[81],"Moreover,":[82],"just":[83],"recently,":[84],"DPR":[88,127,136],"has":[89],"been":[90],"proposed":[91],"as":[92,115,181,194],"a":[93,116,126,195],"generalization":[94,209],"DRAT":[96,117,122,134,170,173],"allows":[98],"short":[100],"proofs":[101],"without":[102],"need":[104],"new":[106],"variables.":[107],"Since":[108],"every":[109,121],"extended-resolution":[110],"can":[112],"be":[113],"regarded":[114],"and":[119,135,171,184],"since":[120],"also":[125],"proof,":[128],"it":[129],"was":[130],"clear":[131],"both":[133],"generalize":[137],"resolution.":[139,158],"In":[140],"this":[141],"paper,":[142],"we":[143,198],"show":[144,199],"that\u2014from":[145],"viewpoint":[147],"complexity\u2014these":[150],"two":[151],"no":[154],"stronger":[155],"than":[156],"We":[159,177],"do":[160],"so":[161],"showing":[163],"(1)":[165],"resolution":[167],"polynomially":[168,174],"simulates":[169,175],"(2)":[172],"DPR.":[176],"implemented":[178],"our":[179],"simulations":[180],"proof-transformation":[182],"evaluated":[185],"them":[186],"to":[187,215],"observe":[188],"their":[189],"behavior":[190],"practice.":[192],"Finally,":[193],"side":[196],"note,":[197],"how":[200],"Kullmann\u2019s":[201],"blocked":[206],"clauses":[207],"(another":[208],"resolution)":[212],"related":[214],"other":[217],"systems.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
