{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411112203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10791-025-09632-z","title":"A multi-level intrusion detection system for industrial IoT using bowerbird courtship-inspired feature selection and hybrid data balancing","display_name":"A multi-level intrusion detection system for industrial IoT using bowerbird courtship-inspired feature selection and hybrid data balancing","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411112203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10791-025-09632-z"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10791-025-09632-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10791-025-09632-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10791-025-09632-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407036663","display_name":"Discover Computing","issn_l":"2948-2992","issn":["2948-2992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10791-025-09632-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078975727","display_name":"S Kumar Reddy Mallidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5908-8316"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142809039","display_name":"Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada","ror":"https://ror.org/05s9t8c95","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142809039"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153924","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Andhra Pradesh","ror":"https://ror.org/0456pcg54","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153924"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S Kumar Reddy Mallidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Kakinada, Kakinada, AP, 533003, India","Computer Science and Engineering, Sri Vasavi Engineering College, Tadepalligudem, AP, 534101, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Kakinada, Kakinada, AP, 533003, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142809039"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering, Sri Vasavi Engineering College, Tadepalligudem, AP, 534101, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153924"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056293438","display_name":"Rajeswara Rao Ramisetty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0645-1131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10874241","display_name":"Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/002tchr49","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10874241"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajeswara Rao Ramisetty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Gurajada, Vizianagaram, AP, 535003, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Gurajada, Vizianagaram, AP, 535003, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10874241"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078975727"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142809039","https://openalex.org/I4210153924"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.7182,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97858579,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.6618212461471558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6477820873260498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.5732401013374329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.5298076868057251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.5254805684089661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5002865791320801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/courtship","display_name":"Courtship","score":0.4804370105266571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3722859025001526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.22507014870643616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.1424199938774109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.10680058598518372}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.6618212461471558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6477820873260498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.5732401013374329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.5298076868057251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.5254805684089661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5002865791320801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776453541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376596","display_name":"Courtship","level":2,"score":0.4804370105266571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3722859025001526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.22507014870643616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1424199938774109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.10680058598518372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10791-025-09632-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10791-025-09632-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10791-025-09632-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407036663","display_name":"Discover Computing","issn_l":"2948-2992","issn":["2948-2992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10791-025-09632-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10791-025-09632-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10791-025-09632-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407036663","display_name":"Discover Computing","issn_l":"2948-2992","issn":["2948-2992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411112203.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411112203.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985987493","https://openalex.org/W2099940443","https://openalex.org/W2108142795","https://openalex.org/W2278186031","https://openalex.org/W2945748508","https://openalex.org/W2981285540","https://openalex.org/W3003685271","https://openalex.org/W3005895046","https://openalex.org/W3013432888","https://openalex.org/W3020886002","https://openalex.org/W3033021283","https://openalex.org/W3034175800","https://openalex.org/W3035366189","https://openalex.org/W3040937085","https://openalex.org/W3086579950","https://openalex.org/W3106015623","https://openalex.org/W3110547954","https://openalex.org/W3127988644","https://openalex.org/W3131541364","https://openalex.org/W3134260321","https://openalex.org/W3139293719","https://openalex.org/W3157699413","https://openalex.org/W3160046514","https://openalex.org/W3164947024","https://openalex.org/W4212959772","https://openalex.org/W4221074700","https://openalex.org/W4285236840","https://openalex.org/W4291536068","https://openalex.org/W4316660992","https://openalex.org/W4385606583","https://openalex.org/W4386220180","https://openalex.org/W4386386840","https://openalex.org/W4387694066","https://openalex.org/W4387789547","https://openalex.org/W4388626146","https://openalex.org/W4388973550","https://openalex.org/W4389664993","https://openalex.org/W4390511794","https://openalex.org/W4390692351","https://openalex.org/W4391707534","https://openalex.org/W4391812155","https://openalex.org/W4392694748","https://openalex.org/W4393932468","https://openalex.org/W4394627330","https://openalex.org/W4396760747","https://openalex.org/W4396768380","https://openalex.org/W4399450192","https://openalex.org/W4402223817","https://openalex.org/W4403164480","https://openalex.org/W4404302849","https://openalex.org/W4404371538","https://openalex.org/W4405644712","https://openalex.org/W4406314200","https://openalex.org/W4406698048","https://openalex.org/W4406700290"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989596387","https://openalex.org/W2780114433","https://openalex.org/W2085653975","https://openalex.org/W3135099503","https://openalex.org/W2118749636","https://openalex.org/W2030104058","https://openalex.org/W2317481155","https://openalex.org/W2034909018","https://openalex.org/W4386564352","https://openalex.org/W2952668426"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Industrial":[0],"Internet":[1],"of":[2,35,40],"Things":[3],"(IIoT)":[4],"deployments":[5],"demand":[6],"intrusion-detection":[7],"systems":[8],"(IDSs)":[9],"that":[10],"are":[11,43],"both":[12,68],"accurate":[13],"and":[14,76,107,110,121,136],"lightweight.":[15],"We":[16],"propose":[17],"a":[18,23,46,70,77,85,122,146],"two-tier":[19],"IDS":[20],"in":[21],"which":[22],"Logistic":[24],"Regression":[25],"(LR)":[26],"model":[27,99],"running":[28],"at":[29,67],"the":[30,33,64,83,93,97,111,152],"edge":[31,98],"classifies":[32],"bulk":[34],"traffic,":[36],"while":[37],"about":[38],"16%":[39],"low-confidence":[41],"flows":[42],"forwarded":[44],"to":[45,133,142],"cloud-hosted":[47],"1-D":[48],"Convolutional":[49],"Neural":[50],"Network":[51],"(CNN)":[52],"for":[53,74,82,155],"deeper":[54],"inspection.":[55],"A":[56],"Bowerbird":[57],"Courtship-Inspired":[58],"Feature":[59,125],"Selection":[60],"(BBFS)":[61],"algorithm":[62],"reduces":[63],"input":[65],"space":[66],"tiers-using":[69],"recall-weighted":[71],"F1":[72],"wrapper":[73],"LR":[75,128],"Fisher-score":[78],"&":[79],"correlation-penalty":[80],"filter":[81],"CNN-while":[84],"hybrid":[86],"SMOTE+ENN+LOF":[87],"strategy":[88],"mitigates":[89],"class":[90],"imbalance.":[91],"On":[92],"WUSTL-IIoT":[94],"data":[95],"set,":[96],"with":[100,118],"balancing":[101],"plus":[102],"BBFS":[103],"attains":[104],"99.70%":[105],"accuracy":[106,117],"99.71%":[108],"recall,":[109],"cloud":[112],"CNN":[113,137],"reaches":[114],"approximately":[115],"100.00%":[116],"99.99%":[119],"precision":[120],"99.98%":[123],"F1-score.":[124],"reduction":[126],"lowers":[127],"inference":[129,138],"from":[130,139],"52":[131],"ms":[132,135],"38":[134],"27.86":[140],"s":[141,144],"18.28":[143],"on":[145],"Raspberry":[147],"Pi":[148],"4":[149],"B,":[150],"demonstrating":[151],"framework\u2019s":[153],"suitability":[154],"real-time,":[156],"resource-constrained":[157],"IIoT":[158],"security.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
