{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411150213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10791-025-09623-0","title":"A variable threshold ring signature scheme for privacy protection in smart city blockchain applications","display_name":"A variable threshold ring signature scheme for privacy protection in smart city blockchain applications","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411150213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10791-025-09623-0"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10791-025-09623-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10791-025-09623-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10791-025-09623-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407036663","display_name":"Discover Computing","issn_l":"2948-2992","issn":["2948-2992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10791-025-09623-0.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Guo Hongzhi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162962","display_name":"Beijing Academy of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05ct4fn38","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162962"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guo Hongzhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Urban Safety and Environmental Science, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100089, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Urban Safety and Environmental Science, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100089, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162962"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117257578","display_name":"Qin Haowen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qin Haowen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162962"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.06079308,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.8951314687728882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-signature","display_name":"Ring signature","score":0.604656994342804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signature","display_name":"Signature (topology)","score":0.5388910174369812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5117237567901611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4647824764251709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4629752039909363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.42417460680007935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","score":0.4155622720718384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1509038209915161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.14071187376976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.14054211974143982}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.8951314687728882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168941894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3483645","display_name":"Ring signature","level":4,"score":0.604656994342804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779696439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512811","display_name":"Signature (topology)","level":2,"score":0.5388910174369812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5117237567901611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4647824764251709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4629752039909363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.42417460680007935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4155622720718384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1509038209915161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.14071187376976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.14054211974143982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10791-025-09623-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10791-025-09623-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10791-025-09623-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407036663","display_name":"Discover Computing","issn_l":"2948-2992","issn":["2948-2992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:797a6429dfe84d5789d3b4b109ffa1e8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/797a6429dfe84d5789d3b4b109ffa1e8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Discover Computing, Vol 28, Iss 1, Pp 1-23 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10791-025-09623-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10791-025-09623-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10791-025-09623-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407036663","display_name":"Discover Computing","issn_l":"2948-2992","issn":["2948-2992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8050617796","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202202AD080013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336602","funder_display_name":"Major Science and Technology Projects in Yunnan Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336602","display_name":"Major Science and Technology Projects in Yunnan Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411150213.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411150213.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1524327560","https://openalex.org/W1638799436","https://openalex.org/W2096113448","https://openalex.org/W2101631537","https://openalex.org/W2129483619","https://openalex.org/W2743496573","https://openalex.org/W3002067100","https://openalex.org/W3085802396","https://openalex.org/W3091369864","https://openalex.org/W3120953217","https://openalex.org/W3154459044","https://openalex.org/W3215445770","https://openalex.org/W4312865567","https://openalex.org/W4320717855","https://openalex.org/W4360981365","https://openalex.org/W4385879783","https://openalex.org/W4390637043","https://openalex.org/W4391758729","https://openalex.org/W4392388527","https://openalex.org/W4399618667","https://openalex.org/W4400275760","https://openalex.org/W4400489622","https://openalex.org/W4400665530","https://openalex.org/W4400679715","https://openalex.org/W4401602145","https://openalex.org/W4402571252","https://openalex.org/W4406121474"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2606299826","https://openalex.org/W1975565534","https://openalex.org/W4296118134","https://openalex.org/W2151838902","https://openalex.org/W2087998482","https://openalex.org/W2128812409","https://openalex.org/W2592337354","https://openalex.org/W2112078232","https://openalex.org/W2358707628","https://openalex.org/W2365816844"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"smart":[1,164],"city":[2],"deployments,":[3],"blockchain":[4,161],"offers":[5],"decentralized":[6],"control":[7],"over":[8],"services":[9],"and":[10,18,39,43,50,85,106,146,157],"data,":[11],"yet":[12],"it":[13],"also":[14],"introduces":[15],"stringent":[16],"privacy":[17],"scalability":[19],"challenges.":[20],"Ring":[21],"signatures":[22],"can":[23],"authenticate":[24],"transactions":[25],"while":[26],"preserving":[27],"signer":[28],"anonymity,":[29,105],"but":[30],"existing":[31],"schemes":[32],"seldom":[33],"provide":[34],"both":[35,155],"unconditional":[36,104],"strong":[37],"anonymity":[38],"robust":[40],"collusion":[41,109],"resistance,":[42],"they":[44],"often":[45],"incur":[46],"burdensome":[47],"key":[48,88],"management":[49],"costly":[51],"verification.":[52],"To":[53],"overcome":[54],"these":[55],"limitations,":[56],"we":[57],"present":[58],"a":[59,66],"distributed,":[60],"attribute-based":[61],"ring":[62],"signature":[63,97,129],"scheme":[64,153],"with":[65],"flexible":[67],"threshold":[68],"policy.":[69],"Our":[70],"approach":[71],"leverages":[72],"(n,":[73],"t)-threshold":[74],"distributed":[75],"key-generation":[76],"protocol":[77],"to":[78,86,108,132],"eliminate":[79],"any":[80],"single":[81],"point":[82],"of":[83,124],"trust":[84],"simplify":[87],"distribution.":[89],"By":[90],"encoding":[91],"user":[92],"identity":[93],"attributes":[94],"directly":[95],"into":[96],"keys,":[98],"the":[99,122,143],"construction":[100],"guarantees":[101],"provable":[102],"unforgeability,":[103],"resistance":[107],"among":[110],"malicious":[111],"users.":[112],"We":[113],"further":[114],"introduce":[115],"an":[116],"optimized":[117],"batch-verification":[118],"algorithm":[119],"that":[120,151],"cuts":[121],"number":[123],"expensive":[125],"pairing":[126],"checks":[127],"per":[128],"from":[130],"O(n)":[131],"$$O(1)":[133],"+":[134],"n$$":[135],",":[136],"dramatically":[137],"improving":[138],"throughput.":[139],"Security":[140],"proofs":[141],"in":[142,163],"random-oracle":[144],"model":[145],"detailed":[147],"performance":[148],"evaluations":[149],"confirm":[150],"our":[152],"is":[154],"practical":[156],"scalable":[158],"for":[159],"privacy-critical":[160],"applications":[162],"cities.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T06:13:01.061226","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
