{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1940430954","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10791-015-9258-y","title":"Enhancing web search in the medical domain via query clarification","display_name":"Enhancing web search in the medical domain via query clarification","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-07-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1940430954","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10791-015-9258-y","mag":"1940430954"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10791-015-9258-y","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10791-015-9258-y","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S79460864","display_name":"Information Retrieval","issn_l":"1386-4564","issn":["1386-4564","1573-7659"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Retrieval Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060844217","display_name":"Luca Soldaini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6998-9863"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184565670","display_name":"Georgetown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luca Soldaini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Retrieval Lab, Computer Science Department, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA","Information Retrieval Lab, Computer Science Department, Georgetown University, Washington, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Retrieval Lab, Computer Science Department, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Retrieval Lab, Computer Science Department, Georgetown University, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184565670","https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059489981","display_name":"Andrew Yates","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5970-880X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184565670","display_name":"Georgetown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Yates","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Retrieval Lab, Computer Science Department, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA","Information Retrieval Lab, Computer Science Department, Georgetown University, Washington, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Retrieval Lab, Computer Science Department, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Retrieval Lab, Computer Science Department, Georgetown University, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184565670","https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009670109","display_name":"Elad Yom\u2010Tov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2380-4584"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125051","display_name":"Microsoft (Israel)","ror":"https://ror.org/03819cc96","country_code":"IL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210125051"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elad Yom-Tov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Herzeliya, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Herzeliya, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125051"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062591304","display_name":"Ophir Frieder","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5076-8171"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184565670","display_name":"Georgetown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ophir Frieder","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Retrieval Lab, Computer Science Department, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA","Information Retrieval Lab, Computer Science Department, Georgetown University, Washington, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Retrieval Lab, Computer Science Department, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Retrieval Lab, Computer Science Department, Georgetown University, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184565670","https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036610566","display_name":"Nazli Goharian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184565670","display_name":"Georgetown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nazli Goharian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Retrieval Lab, Computer Science Department, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA","Information Retrieval Lab, Computer Science Department, Georgetown University, Washington, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Retrieval Lab, Computer Science Department, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Retrieval Lab, Computer Science Department, Georgetown University, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184565670","https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060844217"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184565670","https://openalex.org/I201448701"],"apc_list":{"value":3290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3290},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.7972,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95866219,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"1-2","first_page":"149","last_page":"173"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7705233097076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.7083989381790161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-expansion","display_name":"Query expansion","score":0.6459768414497375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-search-query","display_name":"Web search query","score":0.6127985715866089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synonym","display_name":"Synonym (taxonomy)","score":0.5438488125801086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine","display_name":"Search engine","score":0.5057291984558105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-language","display_name":"Query language","score":0.505035936832428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary","display_name":"Vocabulary","score":0.50358647108078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bridging","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","score":0.5000312328338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.48494818806648254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-information","display_name":"Medical information","score":0.4598466157913208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.457484632730484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keyword-search","display_name":"Keyword search","score":0.44144538044929504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layperson","display_name":"Layperson","score":0.4400036931037903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-query-classification","display_name":"Web query classification","score":0.4269043207168579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unified-medical-language-system","display_name":"Unified Medical Language System","score":0.4108862578868866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.34820932149887085}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7705233097076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.7083989381790161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99016210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5488129","display_name":"Query expansion","level":2,"score":0.6459768414497375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164120249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q995982","display_name":"Web search query","level":3,"score":0.6127985715866089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173483453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1040689","display_name":"Synonym (taxonomy)","level":3,"score":0.5438488125801086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.5057291984558105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192028432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845739","display_name":"Query language","level":2,"score":0.505035936832428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.50358647108078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174348530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188635","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","level":2,"score":0.5000312328338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.48494818806648254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019150057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92779279","display_name":"Medical information","level":2,"score":0.4598466157913208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.457484632730484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988412617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7441656","display_name":"Keyword search","level":2,"score":0.44144538044929504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67597806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15407657","display_name":"Layperson","level":2,"score":0.4400036931037903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118689300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7978614","display_name":"Web query classification","level":4,"score":0.4269043207168579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69505689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q455338","display_name":"Unified Medical Language System","level":2,"score":0.4108862578868866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.34820932149887085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157369684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34740","display_name":"Genus","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10791-015-9258-y","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10791-015-9258-y","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S79460864","display_name":"Information Retrieval","issn_l":"1386-4564","issn":["1386-4564","1573-7659"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Retrieval Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W75869798","https://openalex.org/W107610923","https://openalex.org/W117920834","https://openalex.org/W257334765","https://openalex.org/W1963658069","https://openalex.org/W1971074913","https://openalex.org/W1972395786","https://openalex.org/W1974122568","https://openalex.org/W1974360117","https://openalex.org/W1977343191","https://openalex.org/W1979015808","https://openalex.org/W1992034625","https://openalex.org/W1992245665","https://openalex.org/W1993311119","https://openalex.org/W1994668300","https://openalex.org/W1999322447","https://openalex.org/W2000851114","https://openalex.org/W2032962903","https://openalex.org/W2033176810","https://openalex.org/W2034429048","https://openalex.org/W2044986849","https://openalex.org/W2047221353","https://openalex.org/W2048287783","https://openalex.org/W2048968070","https://openalex.org/W2051834357","https://openalex.org/W2057577760","https://openalex.org/W2060490235","https://openalex.org/W2071664212","https://openalex.org/W2079175517","https://openalex.org/W2084946528","https://openalex.org/W2090031974","https://openalex.org/W2094790959","https://openalex.org/W2100807310","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2112890532","https://openalex.org/W2114544510","https://openalex.org/W2119176281","https://openalex.org/W2124563368","https://openalex.org/W2128296282","https://openalex.org/W2129031022","https://openalex.org/W2130900715","https://openalex.org/W2132324454","https://openalex.org/W2138122984","https://openalex.org/W2142572836","https://openalex.org/W2143144980","https://openalex.org/W2145001721","https://openalex.org/W2147759600","https://openalex.org/W2156982101","https://openalex.org/W2163996478","https://openalex.org/W2167429950","https://openalex.org/W2202662853","https://openalex.org/W2293198446","https://openalex.org/W2908709144","https://openalex.org/W4234575763","https://openalex.org/W4245322178","https://openalex.org/W6675354045"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2021225351","https://openalex.org/W2905726621","https://openalex.org/W2320522151","https://openalex.org/W2069099855","https://openalex.org/W2064244585","https://openalex.org/W2167804613","https://openalex.org/W2182108785","https://openalex.org/W2024197882","https://openalex.org/W3027301125","https://openalex.org/W4295127892"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
