{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402053228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10772-024-10135-3","title":"Explainable hate speech detection using LIME","display_name":"Explainable hate speech detection using LIME","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402053228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10772-024-10135-3"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10772-024-10135-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10772-024-10135-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4650632","display_name":"International Journal of Speech Technology","issn_l":"1381-2416","issn":["1381-2416","1572-8110"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Speech Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063228508","display_name":"Joan L. Imbwaga","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11880225","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Karnataka","ror":"https://ror.org/01hz4v948","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joan L. Imbwaga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, India","Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Karnataka, 575025, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Karnataka, 575025, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061699699","display_name":"Nagaratna B. Chittaragi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6550-198X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153738","display_name":"Siddaganga Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00wd8c661","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153738"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I510634243","display_name":"Sri Siddhartha Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/01zemh668","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4403386631","https://openalex.org/I510634243"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nagaratna B. Chittaragi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Science and Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur, India","Information Science and Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur, Karnataka, 572103, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Science and Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387153738","https://openalex.org/I510634243"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Science and Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur, Karnataka, 572103, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387153738","https://openalex.org/I510634243"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046622313","display_name":"Shashidhar G. Koolagudi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6928-0237"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11880225","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Karnataka","ror":"https://ror.org/01hz4v948","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shashidhar G. Koolagudi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, India","Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Karnataka, 575025, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Karnataka, 575025, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046622313","https://openalex.org/A5061699699","https://openalex.org/A5063228508"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11880225","https://openalex.org/I4387153738","https://openalex.org/I510634243"],"apc_list":{"value":2780,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2780},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.292,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98725974,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"3","first_page":"793","last_page":"815"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9751999974250793,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9567999839782715,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8184828758239746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.6908919811248779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6001771092414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5853671431541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-classification","display_name":"Binary classification","score":0.5036782622337341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harm","display_name":"Harm","score":0.48361411690711975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.48091456294059753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voice-activity-detection","display_name":"Voice activity detection","score":0.47419124841690063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.47238755226135254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-and-recall","display_name":"Precision and recall","score":0.4715704321861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recall","display_name":"Recall","score":0.4542676508426666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modalities","display_name":"Modalities","score":0.4315086305141449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3604360818862915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.26582929491996765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-processing","display_name":"Speech processing","score":0.22587305307388306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.08259868621826172}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8184828758239746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.6908919811248779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6001771092414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5853671431541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66905080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17005494","display_name":"Binary classification","level":3,"score":0.5036782622337341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777363581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15098235","display_name":"Harm","level":2,"score":0.48361411690711975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.48091456294059753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204201278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1332614","display_name":"Voice activity detection","level":3,"score":0.47419124841690063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.47238755226135254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81669768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2359161","display_name":"Precision and recall","level":2,"score":0.4715704321861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.4542676508426666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.4315086305141449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3604360818862915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.26582929491996765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61328038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358061","display_name":"Speech processing","level":2,"score":0.22587305307388306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.08259868621826172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10772-024-10135-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10772-024-10135-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4650632","display_name":"International Journal of Speech Technology","issn_l":"1381-2416","issn":["1381-2416","1572-8110"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Speech Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1532325895","https://openalex.org/W1660390307","https://openalex.org/W2034757259","https://openalex.org/W2181854537","https://openalex.org/W2595653137","https://openalex.org/W2604821579","https://openalex.org/W2613977835","https://openalex.org/W2800068017","https://openalex.org/W2801887493","https://openalex.org/W2805551365","https://openalex.org/W2887782043","https://openalex.org/W2901236145","https://openalex.org/W2919234748","https://openalex.org/W2944575651","https://openalex.org/W2958089299","https://openalex.org/W2962993339","https://openalex.org/W2963532322","https://openalex.org/W2965180676","https://openalex.org/W2972740340","https://openalex.org/W2972944582","https://openalex.org/W2975704836","https://openalex.org/W2995252617","https://openalex.org/W3002426859","https://openalex.org/W3008198684","https://openalex.org/W3013027210","https://openalex.org/W3023989664","https://openalex.org/W3032412857","https://openalex.org/W3093873961","https://openalex.org/W3099272543","https://openalex.org/W3105668574","https://openalex.org/W3111436990","https://openalex.org/W3115880302","https://openalex.org/W3116367857","https://openalex.org/W3117134522","https://openalex.org/W3147116248","https://openalex.org/W3157976194","https://openalex.org/W3169973903","https://openalex.org/W3173175625","https://openalex.org/W3175035971","https://openalex.org/W3175462521","https://openalex.org/W3201463115","https://openalex.org/W3215603105","https://openalex.org/W3216240934","https://openalex.org/W4205791572","https://openalex.org/W4206637465","https://openalex.org/W4212774754","https://openalex.org/W4220846290","https://openalex.org/W4289130778","https://openalex.org/W4308862025","https://openalex.org/W4310608434","https://openalex.org/W4311214961","https://openalex.org/W4311363662","https://openalex.org/W4352978445","https://openalex.org/W4367181214","https://openalex.org/W4367294557","https://openalex.org/W4378603550","https://openalex.org/W4389094128","https://openalex.org/W4391136507","https://openalex.org/W4391494515","https://openalex.org/W4391742669","https://openalex.org/W4392508552","https://openalex.org/W4392773400","https://openalex.org/W4400047675","https://openalex.org/W6602559735","https://openalex.org/W6603174692","https://openalex.org/W6675354045","https://openalex.org/W6697883168","https://openalex.org/W6740681169"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2185469136","https://openalex.org/W3193043704","https://openalex.org/W4386259002","https://openalex.org/W1546989560","https://openalex.org/W2011264131","https://openalex.org/W4385192698","https://openalex.org/W3011239835","https://openalex.org/W4200234001","https://openalex.org/W3172030588","https://openalex.org/W4387145687"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-08T01:25:22.217667","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}