{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2994813836","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10758-019-09431-8","title":"Multiple Agent Designs in Conversational Intelligent Tutoring Systems","display_name":"Multiple Agent Designs in Conversational Intelligent Tutoring Systems","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2994813836","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10758-019-09431-8","mag":"2994813836"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10758-019-09431-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10758-019-09431-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764582272","display_name":"Technology Knowledge and Learning","issn_l":"2211-1662","issn":["2211-1662","2211-1670"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Technology, Knowledge and Learning","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080827513","display_name":"Anne Lippert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3920-1582"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94658018","display_name":"University of Memphis","ror":"https://ror.org/01cq23130","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94658018"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anne Lippert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology and the Institute for Intelligent Systems, University of Memphis, Memphis, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3920-1582","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology and the Institute for Intelligent Systems, University of Memphis, Memphis, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94658018"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061621522","display_name":"Keith Shubeck","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94658018","display_name":"University of Memphis","ror":"https://ror.org/01cq23130","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94658018"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keith Shubeck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology and the Institute for Intelligent Systems, University of Memphis, Memphis, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology and the Institute for Intelligent Systems, University of Memphis, Memphis, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94658018"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046264616","display_name":"Brent Morgan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6681-4870"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94658018","display_name":"University of Memphis","ror":"https://ror.org/01cq23130","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94658018"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brent Morgan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology and the Institute for Intelligent Systems, University of Memphis, Memphis, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology and the Institute for Intelligent Systems, University of Memphis, Memphis, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94658018"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086531796","display_name":"Andrew Hampton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3644-364X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94658018","display_name":"University of Memphis","ror":"https://ror.org/01cq23130","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94658018"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Hampton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology and the Institute for Intelligent Systems, University of Memphis, Memphis, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology and the Institute for Intelligent Systems, University of Memphis, Memphis, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94658018"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013026620","display_name":"Arthur C. Graesser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0345-6866"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94658018","display_name":"University of Memphis","ror":"https://ror.org/01cq23130","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94658018"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arthur Graesser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology and the Institute for Intelligent Systems, University of Memphis, Memphis, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology and the Institute for Intelligent Systems, University of Memphis, Memphis, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94658018"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4461,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87131207,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"3","first_page":"443","last_page":"463"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.7731238603591919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.720227837562561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embodied-cognition","display_name":"Embodied cognition","score":0.5553082823753357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5168876647949219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5018868446350098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-agent","display_name":"Intelligent agent","score":0.42671677470207214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-technology","display_name":"Educational technology","score":0.42512667179107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35324713587760925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.2008102536201477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.12353888154029846}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.7731238603591919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.720227837562561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100609095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335050","display_name":"Embodied cognition","level":2,"score":0.5553082823753357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5168876647949219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5018868446350098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74072328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142726","display_name":"Intelligent agent","level":2,"score":0.42671677470207214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16443162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068473","display_name":"Educational technology","level":2,"score":0.42512667179107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35324713587760925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.2008102536201477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.12353888154029846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10758-019-09431-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10758-019-09431-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764582272","display_name":"Technology Knowledge and Learning","issn_l":"2211-1662","issn":["2211-1662","2211-1670"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Technology, Knowledge and Learning","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6200000047683716,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2477635689","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"REC 0126265","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2700833833","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DRK-12-0918409","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2827301033","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R305G020018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332210","funder_display_name":"Institute of Education Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3526587889","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R305A080594","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332210","funder_display_name":"Institute of Education Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3978161406","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R305B070349","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332210","funder_display_name":"Institute of Education Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4237611823","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R305A080589","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332210","funder_display_name":"Institute of Education Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5291374300","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SBR 9720314","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5672611499","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R305H050169","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332210","funder_display_name":"Institute of Education Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5871164974","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ALT-0834847","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6153062037","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"REESE 0633918","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6194290535","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-00-1-0600","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6499829715","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1108845","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6802953551","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R305C120001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332210","funder_display_name":"Institute of Education Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7667130775","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"REC 0106965","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8071547161","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ITR 0325428","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8634833193","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911INF-12-2-0030","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","funder_display_name":"Army Research Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8891777667","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-12-C-0643","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332210","display_name":"Institute of Education Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04et59085"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","display_name":"Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":98,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W29341829","https://openalex.org/W80135617","https://openalex.org/W86846322","https://openalex.org/W108166077","https://openalex.org/W133864542","https://openalex.org/W168388161","https://openalex.org/W200875903","https://openalex.org/W290619655","https://openalex.org/W1511792942","https://openalex.org/W1532161419","https://openalex.org/W1562748096","https://openalex.org/W1701717321","https://openalex.org/W1701865079","https://openalex.org/W1968231465","https://openalex.org/W1968621787","https://openalex.org/W1971110798","https://openalex.org/W1976350626","https://openalex.org/W1986079972","https://openalex.org/W1990134054","https://openalex.org/W1992786309","https://openalex.org/W1995641269","https://openalex.org/W2003759405","https://openalex.org/W2008799189","https://openalex.org/W2009434747","https://openalex.org/W2015289523","https://openalex.org/W2023761103","https://openalex.org/W2028707177","https://openalex.org/W2029479411","https://openalex.org/W2029634680","https://openalex.org/W2051339053","https://openalex.org/W2053976921","https://openalex.org/W2055792520","https://openalex.org/W2057184799","https://openalex.org/W2059959917","https://openalex.org/W2062121040","https://openalex.org/W2072668622","https://openalex.org/W2075057699","https://openalex.org/W2079383353","https://openalex.org/W2080380178","https://openalex.org/W2087016971","https://openalex.org/W2099622778","https://openalex.org/W2099873065","https://openalex.org/W2104855092","https://openalex.org/W2108617939","https://openalex.org/W2117076205","https://openalex.org/W2117655204","https://openalex.org/W2119760445","https://openalex.org/W2121475339","https://openalex.org/W2121477371","https://openalex.org/W2125829696","https://openalex.org/W2134365411","https://openalex.org/W2135179426","https://openalex.org/W2135943618","https://openalex.org/W2141847481","https://openalex.org/W2148162104","https://openalex.org/W2149906647","https://openalex.org/W2150794602","https://openalex.org/W2165079349","https://openalex.org/W2169231635","https://openalex.org/W2171675665","https://openalex.org/W2196092571","https://openalex.org/W2237600160","https://openalex.org/W2294475924","https://openalex.org/W2302686937","https://openalex.org/W2326086442","https://openalex.org/W2336443809","https://openalex.org/W2404022087","https://openalex.org/W2473303224","https://openalex.org/W2474031541","https://openalex.org/W2475386561","https://openalex.org/W2477180189","https://openalex.org/W2477222559","https://openalex.org/W2483473246","https://openalex.org/W2495705743","https://openalex.org/W2507520747","https://openalex.org/W2579648960","https://openalex.org/W2594218721","https://openalex.org/W2598469359","https://openalex.org/W2637219389","https://openalex.org/W2729170457","https://openalex.org/W2761847555","https://openalex.org/W2763125675","https://openalex.org/W2801003678","https://openalex.org/W2805036395","https://openalex.org/W2810246495","https://openalex.org/W2925014171","https://openalex.org/W2971667733","https://openalex.org/W3102274394","https://openalex.org/W4231374965","https://openalex.org/W4238365634","https://openalex.org/W4240438972","https://openalex.org/W4243891632","https://openalex.org/W4243946043","https://openalex.org/W4245128896","https://openalex.org/W4245556466","https://openalex.org/W6729965954","https://openalex.org/W6760788740","https://openalex.org/W6817168344"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2380179524","https://openalex.org/W4283365723","https://openalex.org/W2963001125","https://openalex.org/W2091233881","https://openalex.org/W2352366064","https://openalex.org/W4250820896","https://openalex.org/W2124102101","https://openalex.org/W4250305970","https://openalex.org/W1484550171","https://openalex.org/W1570928019"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
