{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3217311410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10710-021-09424-6","title":"Blood glucose prediction using multi-objective grammatical evolution: analysis of the \u201cagnostic\u201d and \u201cwhat-if\u201d scenarios","display_name":"Blood glucose prediction using multi-objective grammatical evolution: analysis of the \u201cagnostic\u201d and \u201cwhat-if\u201d scenarios","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3217311410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10710-021-09424-6","mag":"3217311410"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10710-021-09424-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10710-021-09424-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10710-021-09424-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S47930974","display_name":"Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines","issn_l":"1389-2576","issn":["1389-2576","1573-7632"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10710-021-09424-6.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091656010","display_name":"Sergio Contador","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5828-7209"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182083151","display_name":"Universidad Rey Juan Carlos","ror":"https://ror.org/01v5cv687","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182083151"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergio Contador","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, M\u00f3stoles, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, M\u00f3stoles, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182083151"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053705697","display_name":"J. Manuel Colmenar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7490-9450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182083151","display_name":"Universidad Rey Juan Carlos","ror":"https://ror.org/01v5cv687","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182083151"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Manuel Colmenar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, M\u00f3stoles, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, M\u00f3stoles, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182083151"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022352568","display_name":"\u00d3scar Garnica","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5064-2587"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121748325","display_name":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/02p0gd045","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121748325"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oscar Garnica","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121748325"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101456216","display_name":"J. Manuel Velasco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5993-2521"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121748325","display_name":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/02p0gd045","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121748325"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Manuel Velasco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121748325"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085569944","display_name":"J. Ignacio Hidalgo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3046-6368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121748325","display_name":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/02p0gd045","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121748325"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Ignacio Hidalgo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3046-6368","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121748325"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085569944"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121748325"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"fwci":1.7706,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87587041,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"2","first_page":"161","last_page":"192"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10621","display_name":"Gene Regulatory Network Analysis","score":0.9751999974250793,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":0.9750000238418579,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.837194561958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammatical-evolution","display_name":"Grammatical evolution","score":0.8317372798919678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.515023946762085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5139543414115906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.4896991550922394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.4611828923225403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-hoc","display_name":"Post hoc","score":0.4315448999404907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fitness-function","display_name":"Fitness function","score":0.42803728580474854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4049603044986725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-programming","display_name":"Genetic programming","score":0.22230631113052368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.16207566857337952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.15284359455108643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10780739784240723}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.837194561958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10906938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5593687","display_name":"Grammatical evolution","level":3,"score":0.8317372798919678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.515023946762085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5139543414115906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.4896991550922394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.4611828923225403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992886853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18381816","display_name":"Post hoc","level":2,"score":0.4315448999404907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176066374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629118","display_name":"Fitness function","level":3,"score":0.42803728580474854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4049603044986725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110332635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629498","display_name":"Genetic programming","level":2,"score":0.22230631113052368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.16207566857337952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.15284359455108643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10780739784240723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10710-021-09424-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10710-021-09424-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10710-021-09424-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S47930974","display_name":"Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines","issn_l":"1389-2576","issn":["1389-2576","1573-7632"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.ucm.es:70578","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.ucm.es/id/eprint/70578/1/Contador2021_Article_BloodGlucosePredictionUsingMul.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196321","display_name":"EPrints Complutense Repositorio Institucional de la UCM (Universidad Complutense de Madrid)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I121748325","host_organization_name":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121748325"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10710-021-09424-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10710-021-09424-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10710-021-09424-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S47930974","display_name":"Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines","issn_l":"1389-2576","issn":["1389-2576","1573-7632"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1219747990","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GLENO 2019-20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310215","funder_display_name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Eugenio Rodr\u00edguez Pascual"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1476044431","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Y2018/NMT-4668 (Micro-Stress- MAP-CM)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325116","funder_display_name":"Consejer\u00eda de Educaci\u00f3n, Juventud y Deporte, Comunidad de Madrid"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G31175185","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018-095180-B-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4336793408","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PGC2018-095322-B-C22","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4508321224","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P2018/TCS-4566 (CYNAMON-CM)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","funder_display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8063416118","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PGC2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8181105605","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8923103999","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"B2017/BMD3773 (GenObIA-CM)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325116","funder_display_name":"Consejer\u00eda de Educaci\u00f3n, Juventud y Deporte, Comunidad de Madrid"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310215","display_name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Eugenio Rodr\u00edguez Pascual","ror":"https://ror.org/03p40sz62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321585","display_name":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/02p0gd045"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325116","display_name":"Consejer\u00eda de Educaci\u00f3n, Juventud y Deporte, Comunidad de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/038tahs86"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3217311410.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3217311410.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W173568082","https://openalex.org/W1517808374","https://openalex.org/W1593481303","https://openalex.org/W1595498733","https://openalex.org/W1986495510","https://openalex.org/W2003594741","https://openalex.org/W2014614796","https://openalex.org/W2018691083","https://openalex.org/W2045078159","https://openalex.org/W2074318760","https://openalex.org/W2080826621","https://openalex.org/W2089732667","https://openalex.org/W2101539208","https://openalex.org/W2129995532","https://openalex.org/W2136162474","https://openalex.org/W2140147198","https://openalex.org/W2146766088","https://openalex.org/W2153308857","https://openalex.org/W2154410696","https://openalex.org/W2163532367","https://openalex.org/W2168261002","https://openalex.org/W2171783475","https://openalex.org/W2199178101","https://openalex.org/W2200035147","https://openalex.org/W2231185364","https://openalex.org/W2346630656","https://openalex.org/W2464472116","https://openalex.org/W2536270858","https://openalex.org/W2594788739","https://openalex.org/W2602679466","https://openalex.org/W2742286538","https://openalex.org/W2754879033","https://openalex.org/W2767819117","https://openalex.org/W2787894979","https://openalex.org/W2809064882","https://openalex.org/W2811031266","https://openalex.org/W2830573464","https://openalex.org/W2888806317","https://openalex.org/W2890653340","https://openalex.org/W2922157919","https://openalex.org/W2950218667","https://openalex.org/W2953717652","https://openalex.org/W2958514914","https://openalex.org/W2962236927","https://openalex.org/W2963123914","https://openalex.org/W2963922828","https://openalex.org/W2978488577","https://openalex.org/W2980234472","https://openalex.org/W2986043643","https://openalex.org/W2993074729","https://openalex.org/W3015353049","https://openalex.org/W3037135830","https://openalex.org/W3089652905","https://openalex.org/W4298876635"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2318447304","https://openalex.org/W1997369325","https://openalex.org/W2440364284","https://openalex.org/W2077803189","https://openalex.org/W1559197046","https://openalex.org/W2575109650","https://openalex.org/W4396908843","https://openalex.org/W2090696186","https://openalex.org/W2622767002","https://openalex.org/W123155282"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"In":[1,24,91,114,146],"this":[2,92],"paper":[3],"we":[4,26,44,94,160],"investigate":[5],"the":[6,38,53,57,73,83,107,115,126,141,147,169],"benefits":[7],"of":[8,21,40,86,134,143],"applying":[9],"a":[10,15,46],"multi-objective":[11,47,127],"approach":[12,50,128],"for":[13,81,172],"solving":[14],"symbolic":[16],"regression":[17],"problem":[18],"by":[19,139],"means":[20],"Grammatical":[22,48,174,178],"Evolution.":[23,179],"particular,":[25],"extend":[27],"previous":[28,130,170],"work,":[29,93],"obtaining":[30],"mathematical":[31],"expressions":[32],"to":[33,98],"model":[34],"glucose":[35],"levels":[36],"in":[37,88,110,132],"blood":[39],"diabetic":[41,89],"patients.":[42,90],"Here":[43],"use":[45,95],"Evolution":[49,175],"based":[51,71],"on":[52,72],"NSGA-II":[54],"algorithm,":[55],"considering":[56],"root-mean-square":[58],"error":[59],"and":[60,104,176],"an":[61],"ad-hoc":[62,68],"fitness":[63],"function":[64,69],"as":[65],"objectives.":[66],"This":[67],"is":[70,79],"Clarke":[74,135],"Error":[75,136],"Grid":[76,137],"analysis,":[77],"which":[78],"useful":[80],"showing":[82],"potential":[84],"danger":[85],"mispredictions":[87],"two":[96,100],"datasets":[97],"analyse":[99],"different":[101],"scenarios:":[102],"What-if":[103,116],"Agnostic":[105,148],",":[106],"most":[108],"common":[109],"daily":[111],"clinical":[112],"practice.":[113],"scenario,":[117],"where":[118],"future":[119,155],"events":[120],"are":[121],"evaluated,":[122],"results":[123,131,157],"show":[124],"that":[125,159],"improves":[129],"terms":[133],"analysis":[138],"reducing":[140],"number":[142],"dangerous":[144],"mispredictions.":[145],"situation,":[149],"with":[150,165],"no":[151],"available":[152],"information":[153,167],"about":[154],"events,":[156],"suggest":[158],"can":[161],"obtain":[162],"good":[163],"predictions":[164],"only":[166],"from":[168],"hour":[171],"both":[173],"Multi-Objective":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}