{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410922524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10707-025-00551-1","title":"Weakly supervised deep learning for fine-grained socioeconomic development index inference based on satellite imagery","display_name":"Weakly supervised deep learning for fine-grained socioeconomic development index inference based on satellite imagery","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410922524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10707-025-00551-1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10707-025-00551-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10707-025-00551-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168194","display_name":"GeoInformatica","issn_l":"1384-6175","issn":["1384-6175","1573-7624"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GeoInformatica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030356903","display_name":"Yanbing Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5223-9425"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78988378","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yanbing Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Applied Statistics and School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Applied Statistics and School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100742251","display_name":"Bolin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3868-5845"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78988378","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bolin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Finance, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Finance, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100600501","display_name":"Ziyue Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6050-779X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78988378","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziyue Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Shubo Zeng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78988378","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shubo Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107171860","display_name":"Zhe Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3615-4938"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78988378","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028391616","display_name":"Xuxin Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4029-1776"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187380120","display_name":"Agricultural Bank of China","ror":"https://ror.org/015g9sa94","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187380120"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I73669364","display_name":"China Development Bank","ror":"https://ror.org/00pp12j94","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I73669364"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I874390226","display_name":"China Construction Bank","ror":"https://ror.org/00xkrw816","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I874390226"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I917184967","display_name":"Bank of China","ror":"https://ror.org/02mt4s337","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I917184967"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuxin Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Department, Bank of China London Branch, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Department, Bank of China London Branch, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I917184967","https://openalex.org/I73669364","https://openalex.org/I874390226","https://openalex.org/I187380120"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030356903"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.685,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67568557,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"4","first_page":"927","last_page":"950"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.954800009727478,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9538000226020813,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-imagery","display_name":"Satellite imagery","score":0.6783598065376282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5980219841003418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.5923373103141785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/index","display_name":"Index (typography)","score":0.5676515698432922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5549436807632446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.5490003228187561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5389254093170166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.534542977809906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.47606202960014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-status","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","score":0.4304552674293518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4105623960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0988917350769043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.0910772979259491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.07960298657417297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demography","display_name":"Demography","score":0.0761527419090271}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778102629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725252","display_name":"Satellite imagery","level":2,"score":0.6783598065376282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5980219841003418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5923373103141785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.5676515698432922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5549436807632446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.5490003228187561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5389254093170166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.534542977809906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47606202960014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.4304552674293518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4105623960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0988917350769043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0910772979259491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.07960298657417297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0761527419090271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10707-025-00551-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10707-025-00551-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168194","display_name":"GeoInformatica","issn_l":"1384-6175","issn":["1384-6175","1573-7624"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GeoInformatica","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4749803674","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62206301","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5768777436","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021LY001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311212","funder_display_name":"National Bureau of Statistics of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311212","display_name":"National Bureau of Statistics of China","ror":"https://ror.org/008zm7t63"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975642551","https://openalex.org/W1975897253","https://openalex.org/W1989855258","https://openalex.org/W2000362707","https://openalex.org/W2012997843","https://openalex.org/W2017257315","https://openalex.org/W2017708700","https://openalex.org/W2109820980","https://openalex.org/W2143022143","https://openalex.org/W2143830832","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2230486561","https://openalex.org/W2513506629","https://openalex.org/W2546040478","https://openalex.org/W2623490820","https://openalex.org/W2746791238","https://openalex.org/W2781184069","https://openalex.org/W2806198349","https://openalex.org/W2883471121","https://openalex.org/W2891344599","https://openalex.org/W2897593716","https://openalex.org/W2962978395","https://openalex.org/W3008439211","https://openalex.org/W3016315148","https://openalex.org/W3027716283","https://openalex.org/W3043480203","https://openalex.org/W3080604000","https://openalex.org/W3100473759","https://openalex.org/W3105094833","https://openalex.org/W3139096080","https://openalex.org/W3164815450","https://openalex.org/W3174507861","https://openalex.org/W4214715230","https://openalex.org/W6811807911"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4294536920","https://openalex.org/W3148130686","https://openalex.org/W2037749514","https://openalex.org/W2411338097","https://openalex.org/W2375836089","https://openalex.org/W4388832383","https://openalex.org/W2504367709","https://openalex.org/W2015666588","https://openalex.org/W2043566625","https://openalex.org/W2882344788"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T06:13:01.061226","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}