{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4297254899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-022-10215-5","title":"FindICI: Using machine learning to detect linguistic inconsistencies between code and natural language descriptions in infrastructure-as-code","display_name":"FindICI: Using machine learning to detect linguistic inconsistencies between code and natural language descriptions in infrastructure-as-code","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4297254899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-022-10215-5","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36159893"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10664-022-10215-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-022-10215-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10664-022-10215-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109852484","display_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","issn_l":"1382-3256","issn":["1382-3256","1573-7616"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10664-022-10215-5.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084115507","display_name":"Nemania Borovits","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5661-4795"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193700539","display_name":"Tilburg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04b8v1s79","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nemania Borovits","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jheronimus Academy of Data Science, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jheronimus Academy of Data Science, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061039582","display_name":"Indika Kumara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4355-0494"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193700539","display_name":"Tilburg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04b8v1s79","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Indika Kumara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jheronimus Academy of Data Science, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jheronimus Academy of Data Science, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072127726","display_name":"Dario Di Nucci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3861-1902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dario Di Nucci","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3861-1902","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048044495","display_name":"Parvathy Krishnan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7278-0565"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Parvathy Krishnan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jheronimus Academy of Data Science, Technical University Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jheronimus Academy of Data Science, Technical University Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077406242","display_name":"Stefano Dalla Palma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5611-0546"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193700539","display_name":"Tilburg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04b8v1s79","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Dalla Palma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jheronimus Academy of Data Science, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jheronimus Academy of Data Science, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033738898","display_name":"Fabio Palomba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9337-5116"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabio Palomba","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000349425","display_name":"Damian A. Tamburri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1230-8961"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Damian A. Tamburri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jheronimus Academy of Data Science, Technical University Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jheronimus Academy of Data Science, Technical University Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049150712","display_name":"Willem\u2010Jan van den Heuvel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2929-413X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193700539","display_name":"Tilburg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04b8v1s79","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Willem-Jan van den Heuvel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jheronimus Academy of Data Science, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jheronimus Academy of Data Science, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084115507"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"fwci":4.4601,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95044986,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"7","first_page":"178","last_page":"178"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8218306303024292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-embedding","display_name":"Word embedding","score":0.6743066906929016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6295346021652222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6170856952667236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.5858778953552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.5733914971351624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/readability","display_name":"Readability","score":0.5730146765708923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maintainability","display_name":"Maintainability","score":0.5163360834121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5132319927215576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntax","display_name":"Syntax","score":0.47013574838638306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.4565112888813019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4422374963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/documentation","display_name":"Documentation","score":0.4249427914619446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.42184579372406006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstract-syntax-tree","display_name":"Abstract syntax tree","score":0.4208083152770996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.4181656837463379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.1593640148639679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.13262519240379333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8218306303024292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777462759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18395344","display_name":"Word embedding","level":3,"score":0.6743066906929016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6295346021652222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6170856952667236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.5858778953552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.5733914971351624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778143727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820650","display_name":"Readability","level":2,"score":0.5730146765708923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160713754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1389965","display_name":"Maintainability","level":2,"score":0.5163360834121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5132319927215576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437","display_name":"Syntax","level":2,"score":0.47013574838638306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.4565112888813019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4422374963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.4249427914619446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.42184579372406006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58646249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127380","display_name":"Abstract syntax tree","level":3,"score":0.4208083152770996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.4181656837463379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.1593640148639679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.13262519240379333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10664-022-10215-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-022-10215-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10664-022-10215-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109852484","display_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","issn_l":"1382-3256","issn":["1382-3256","1573-7616"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36159893","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36159893","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Empirical software engineering","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.tue.nl:openaire/dc575e7d-71ab-4b79-b4ef-c7810168518f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/en/publications/dc575e7d-71ab-4b79-b4ef-c7810168518f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Borovits, N, Kumara, I, Di Nucci, D, Krishnan, P, Palma, S D, Palomba, F, Tamburri, D A & Heuvel, W-J V D 2022, 'FindICI: Using machine learning to detect linguistic inconsistencies between code and natural language descriptions in infrastructure-as-code', Empirical Software Engineering, vol. 27, no. 7, 178. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-022-10215-5","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9489593","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9489593","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Empir Softw Eng","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/1263819","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11311/1263819","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10664-022-10215-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-022-10215-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10664-022-10215-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109852484","display_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","issn_l":"1382-3256","issn":["1382-3256","1573-7616"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2141050649","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"825480","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3536022994","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82504","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4430097687","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PZ00P2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4552091820","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"825040","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4937468798","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"H2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5633777262","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"825480","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5646065961","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020W3A5FY","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5690535955","display_name":"Test Code Quality: A New Dimension of Test Code Effectiveness","funder_award_id":"186090","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6881501679","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PZ00P2 186090","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7539551800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RADON H2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7589430929","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"825040","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8818698815","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020W3A5FY","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331528","funder_display_name":"Ministero dell'Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/00yjd3n13"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331528","display_name":"Ministero dell'Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4297254899.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4297254899.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1857789879","https://openalex.org/W1930624869","https://openalex.org/W1990898617","https://openalex.org/W2016944307","https://openalex.org/W2020984122","https://openalex.org/W2075269190","https://openalex.org/W2122963002","https://openalex.org/W2151666086","https://openalex.org/W2168893862","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2267186426","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2346524137","https://openalex.org/W2360967250","https://openalex.org/W2402800985","https://openalex.org/W2487770199","https://openalex.org/W2542768043","https://openalex.org/W2547106995","https://openalex.org/W2593675739","https://openalex.org/W2614313580","https://openalex.org/W2795798526","https://openalex.org/W2806718802","https://openalex.org/W2807298173","https://openalex.org/W2883411629","https://openalex.org/W2883950647","https://openalex.org/W2892035503","https://openalex.org/W2899407111","https://openalex.org/W2901157366","https://openalex.org/W2907854211","https://openalex.org/W2943748428","https://openalex.org/W2955656327","https://openalex.org/W2963514026","https://openalex.org/W2963626623","https://openalex.org/W2963995913","https://openalex.org/W2964150020","https://openalex.org/W2968611851","https://openalex.org/W2977921056","https://openalex.org/W2986942980","https://openalex.org/W2993710525","https://openalex.org/W3000256088","https://openalex.org/W3008381189","https://openalex.org/W3014960999","https://openalex.org/W3030599819","https://openalex.org/W3040521121","https://openalex.org/W3041762618","https://openalex.org/W3088111612","https://openalex.org/W3088191102","https://openalex.org/W3094094693","https://openalex.org/W3096231857","https://openalex.org/W3096426254","https://openalex.org/W3101141194","https://openalex.org/W3102233117","https://openalex.org/W3103898014","https://openalex.org/W3104902066","https://openalex.org/W3109430751","https://openalex.org/W3112995305","https://openalex.org/W3123074563","https://openalex.org/W3133504081","https://openalex.org/W3156333129","https://openalex.org/W3179156562","https://openalex.org/W4238083912","https://openalex.org/W4239510810"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2283404405","https://openalex.org/W4310447811","https://openalex.org/W4389751695","https://openalex.org/W2165004968","https://openalex.org/W2320787857","https://openalex.org/W3086207785","https://openalex.org/W3012064729","https://openalex.org/W2969229669","https://openalex.org/W2942293597","https://openalex.org/W2955426500"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Linguistic":[0],"anti-patterns":[1,33],"are":[2],"recurring":[3],"poor":[4],"practices":[5],"concerning":[6],"inconsistencies":[7,49],"in":[8,34,149],"the":[9,19,51,83,156],"naming,":[10],"documentation,":[11],"and":[12,22,41,57,76,81,127,134,146],"implementation":[13],"of":[14,24,53,87],"an":[15],"entity.":[16],"They":[17],"impede":[18],"readability,":[20],"understandability,":[21],"maintainability":[23],"source":[25,120],"code.":[26],"This":[27],"paper":[28],"attempts":[29],"to":[30,39,91,100,155],"detect":[31,101],"linguistic":[32],"Infrastructure-as-Code":[35],"(IaC)":[36],"scripts":[37],"used":[38,95,158],"provision":[40],"manage":[42],"computing":[43],"environments.":[44],"In":[45],"particular,":[46],"we":[47,65],"consider":[48],"between":[50],"logic/body":[52],"IaC":[54,88,103],"code":[55,89,93,104],"units":[56,90],"their":[58],"short":[59],"text":[60],"names.":[61],"To":[62],"this":[63],"end,":[64],"propose":[66],"FindICI":[67],"a":[68],"novel":[69,135],"automated":[70],"approach":[71,109],"that":[72],"employs":[73],"word":[74,124,141],"embedding":[75,125,142],"classification":[77,128],"algorithms.":[78,129],"We":[79,106],"build":[80],"use":[82],"abstract":[84],"syntax":[85],"tree":[86],"create":[92],"embeddings":[94],"by":[96],"machine":[97,131],"learning":[98,132,137],"techniques":[99],"inconsistent":[102,151],"units.":[105],"evaluated":[107],"our":[108],"with":[110,139],"two":[111],"experiments":[112],"on":[113],"Ansible":[114,152,159],"tasks":[115,153],"systematically":[116],"extracted":[117],"from":[118],"open":[119],"repositories":[121],"for":[122],"various":[123],"models":[126,133,138],"Classical":[130],"deep":[136],"different":[140],"methods":[143],"showed":[144],"comparable":[145],"satisfactory":[147],"results":[148],"detecting":[150],"related":[154],"top-10":[157],"modules.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}