{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4281784572","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-021-10097-z","title":"A conceptual model for unifying variability in space and time: Rationale, validation, and illustrative applications","display_name":"A conceptual model for unifying variability in space and time: Rationale, validation, and illustrative applications","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4281784572","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-021-10097-z"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10664-021-10097-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-021-10097-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10664-021-10097-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109852484","display_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","issn_l":"1382-3256","issn":["1382-3256","1573-7616"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10664-021-10097-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108112407","display_name":"Sofia Ananieva","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143379178","display_name":"FZI Research Center for Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04kdh6x72","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143379178"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sofia Ananieva","raw_affiliation_strings":["FZI Research Center for Information Technology Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-8288","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"FZI Research Center for Information Technology Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143379178"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057541021","display_name":"Sandra Greiner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8950-0092"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I54009628","display_name":"University of Bayreuth","ror":"https://ror.org/0234wmv40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I54009628"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandra Greiner","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I54009628"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078065547","display_name":"Timo Kehrer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2582-5557"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39343248","display_name":"Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/01hcx6992","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39343248"]}],"countries":["CH","DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timo Kehrer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany","University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39343248"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042728295","display_name":"Jacob Kr\u00fcger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0283-248X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I904495901","display_name":"Ruhr University Bochum","ror":"https://ror.org/04tsk2644","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob Kr\u00fcger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany","Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040555300","display_name":"Thomas K\u00fchn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7312-2891"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas K\u00fchn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7312-2891","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107980050","display_name":"Lukas Linsbauer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-8288"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94509681","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig","ror":"https://ror.org/010nsgg66","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lukas Linsbauer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016291809","display_name":"Sten Gr\u00fcner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1286-5442"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sten Gr\u00fcner","raw_affiliation_strings":["ABB Corporate Research Center, Ladenburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ABB Corporate Research Center, Ladenburg, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069105710","display_name":"Anne Koziolek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1593-3394"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anne Koziolek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054217572","display_name":"Henrik L\u00f6nn","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1340210623","display_name":"Volvo (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05b6ypc36","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1340210623"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henrik L\u00f6nn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Volvo Group Trucks Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Volvo Group Trucks Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1340210623"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081333705","display_name":"S. Ramesh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1361-8224"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801120862","display_name":"General Motors (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/05g5nrw43","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118136607","https://openalex.org/I2801120862"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Ramesh","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Motors Global R&D Bangalore, Bangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Motors Global R&D Bangalore, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801120862"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033445475","display_name":"Ralf Reussner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9308-6290"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ralf Reussner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108112407"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143379178"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"fwci":2.2195,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8938741,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"5","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6767842769622803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terminology","display_name":"Terminology","score":0.6274524331092834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-product-line","display_name":"Software product line","score":0.6002263426780701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.5334416031837463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-model","display_name":"Conceptual model","score":0.5169290900230408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.47783994674682617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.47522595524787903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.47024908661842346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-and-incremental-development","display_name":"Iterative and incremental development","score":0.45830515027046204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.45241260528564453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granularity","display_name":"Granularity","score":0.4467153251171112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-system","display_name":"Software system","score":0.41265982389450073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.37040573358535767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-engineering","display_name":"Industrial engineering","score":0.3633238971233368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.3600705564022064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19252881407737732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.11042851209640503}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6767842769622803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547195049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1725664","display_name":"Terminology","level":2,"score":0.6274524331092834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778177629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111823","display_name":"Software product line","level":4,"score":0.6002263426780701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.5334416031837463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13606891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623243","display_name":"Conceptual model","level":2,"score":0.5169290900230408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.47783994674682617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.47522595524787903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.47024908661842346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143587482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1543216","display_name":"Iterative and incremental development","level":2,"score":0.45830515027046204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.45241260528564453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177774035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1246948","display_name":"Granularity","level":2,"score":0.4467153251171112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.41265982389450073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.37040573358535767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13736549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4489420","display_name":"Industrial engineering","level":1,"score":0.3633238971233368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3600705564022064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19252881407737732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.11042851209640503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10664-021-10097-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-021-10097-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10664-021-10097-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109852484","display_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","issn_l":"1382-3256","issn":["1382-3256","1573-7616"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:EVASTAR-Karlsruhe.de:1000146798","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000146798","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401992","display_name":"Repository KITopen (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","host_organization_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Empirical Software Engineering, 27 (5), Article no: 101","raw_type":"doc-type:article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.tue.nl:openaire_cris_publications/79cd8dcd-1cbc-46ad-a147-7f259a6e517b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/en/publications/79cd8dcd-1cbc-46ad-a147-7f259a6e517b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ananieva, S, Greiner, S, Kehrer, T, Kr\u00fcger, J, K\u00fchn, T, Linsbauer, L, Gr\u00fcner, S, Koziolek, A, L\u00f6nn, H, Ramesh, S & Reussner, R H 2022, 'A Conceptual Model for Unifying Variability in Space and Time: Rationale, Validation, and Illustrative Applications', Empirical Software Engineering, vol. 27, no. 5, 101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-021-10097-z","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.tue.nl:publications/79cd8dcd-1cbc-46ad-a147-7f259a6e517b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85130919321&partnerID=8YFLogxK","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ananieva, S, Greiner, S, Kehrer, T, Kr\u00fcger, J, K\u00fchn, T, Linsbauer, L, Gr\u00fcner, S, Koziolek, A, L\u00f6nn, H, Ramesh, S & Reussner, R H 2022, 'A Conceptual Model for Unifying Variability in Space and Time: Rationale, Validation, and Illustrative Applications', Empirical Software Engineering, vol. 27, no. 5, 101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-021-10097-z","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:tue:oai:pure.tue.nl:publications/79cd8dcd-1cbc-46ad-a147-7f259a6e517b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/nl/publications/79cd8dcd-1cbc-46ad-a147-7f259a6e517b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Empirical Software Engineering, 27(5):101. Springer","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"doi:10.5445/ir/1000146798","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000146798","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052948","display_name":"KITopen","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10664-021-10097-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-021-10097-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10664-021-10097-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109852484","display_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","issn_l":"1382-3256","issn":["1382-3256","1573-7616"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5099999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3884378500","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KE 2267/1-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5465694891","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SA 465/49-3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320875","display_name":"Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst","ror":"https://ror.org/039djdh30"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4281784572.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4281784572.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":80,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W68404398","https://openalex.org/W128940437","https://openalex.org/W149184453","https://openalex.org/W1501652040","https://openalex.org/W1513990237","https://openalex.org/W1574176065","https://openalex.org/W1591726984","https://openalex.org/W1949851419","https://openalex.org/W1964818089","https://openalex.org/W1971890097","https://openalex.org/W1984544455","https://openalex.org/W1987314273","https://openalex.org/W1987386082","https://openalex.org/W1995306596","https://openalex.org/W2001907377","https://openalex.org/W2005549394","https://openalex.org/W2007062422","https://openalex.org/W2022836898","https://openalex.org/W2031425482","https://openalex.org/W2036417954","https://openalex.org/W2052598892","https://openalex.org/W2061794189","https://openalex.org/W2070009218","https://openalex.org/W2072325005","https://openalex.org/W2099213660","https://openalex.org/W2113201637","https://openalex.org/W2116844130","https://openalex.org/W2118799888","https://openalex.org/W2121887779","https://openalex.org/W2125398918","https://openalex.org/W2125404240","https://openalex.org/W2131110154","https://openalex.org/W2139380319","https://openalex.org/W2144896643","https://openalex.org/W2153690411","https://openalex.org/W2154151876","https://openalex.org/W2159238073","https://openalex.org/W2163245363","https://openalex.org/W2164024695","https://openalex.org/W2171041293","https://openalex.org/W2249008028","https://openalex.org/W2295001078","https://openalex.org/W2295252235","https://openalex.org/W2343873501","https://openalex.org/W2408684612","https://openalex.org/W2477378326","https://openalex.org/W2477747516","https://openalex.org/W2495617574","https://openalex.org/W2510030631","https://openalex.org/W2574525925","https://openalex.org/W2576849401","https://openalex.org/W2596032798","https://openalex.org/W2756040459","https://openalex.org/W2783273324","https://openalex.org/W2890397558","https://openalex.org/W2891790516","https://openalex.org/W2911807345","https://openalex.org/W2916631238","https://openalex.org/W2967035834","https://openalex.org/W2967084907","https://openalex.org/W2967363435","https://openalex.org/W2967777366","https://openalex.org/W2968222960","https://openalex.org/W2969129166","https://openalex.org/W2969172434","https://openalex.org/W2970820711","https://openalex.org/W2974472750","https://openalex.org/W2982536937","https://openalex.org/W3080081707","https://openalex.org/W3083978427","https://openalex.org/W3094280659","https://openalex.org/W3108926370","https://openalex.org/W3153449582","https://openalex.org/W4205180631","https://openalex.org/W4237978697","https://openalex.org/W4240055412","https://openalex.org/W4248003726","https://openalex.org/W4249516334","https://openalex.org/W4255318870","https://openalex.org/W4292003697"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2931688134","https://openalex.org/W2377919138","https://openalex.org/W2378857091","https://openalex.org/W2999756192","https://openalex.org/W4226090359","https://openalex.org/W4382701072","https://openalex.org/W2491314273","https://openalex.org/W2011624601","https://openalex.org/W936373746","https://openalex.org/W2964094558"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"With":[1],"the":[2,21,37,49,99,109,158,163,169,197,202,214],"increasing":[3],"demand":[4],"for":[5,250,254],"customized":[6],"systems":[7,26],"and":[8,23,44,67,82,90,101,118,144,161,171,175,186,199,231,239,247,252,260],"rapidly":[9],"evolving":[10],"technology,":[11],"software":[12,78,83,235,240],"engineering":[13,81,238],"faces":[14],"many":[15],"challenges.":[16],"A":[17],"particular":[18],"challenge":[19,61],"is":[20],"development":[22,110],"maintenance":[24],"of":[25,36,48,94,103,111,130,147,150,182],"that":[27,113,142],"are":[28],"highly":[29],"variable":[30],"both":[31,134,148],"in":[32,42,65,87,116,184,220,234],"space":[33,66,117,185],"(concurrent":[34],"variations":[35,47],"system":[38],"at":[39],"one":[40],"point":[41],"time)":[43],"time":[45,68],"(sequential":[46],"system,":[50],"due":[51],"to":[52,58,137,179,195,211,222],"its":[53,173],"evolution).":[54],"Recent":[55],"research":[56,72,135],"aims":[57],"address":[59],"this":[60,71,153],"by":[62],"managing":[63],"variability":[64,115,183],"simultaneously.":[69],"However,":[70],"originates":[73],"from":[74,133],"two":[75],"different":[76],"areas,":[77],"product":[79,236],"line":[80,237],"configuration":[84,241],"management,":[85,242],"resulting":[86,164],"non-uniform":[88],"terminologies":[89],"a":[91,139,191,244],"varying":[92],"understanding":[93,102],"concepts.":[95],"These":[96],"problems":[97],"hamper":[98],"communication":[100],"involved":[104],"concepts,":[105],"as":[106,108],"well":[107],"techniques":[112],"unify":[114],"time.":[119,187],"To":[120],"tackle":[121],"these":[122],"problems,":[123],"we":[124,155,189,204,207],"performed":[125],"an":[126],"iterative,":[127],"expert-driven":[128],"analysis":[129,194],"existing":[131],"tools":[132,203],"areas":[136],"derive":[138,223],"conceptual":[140,165,215,227],"model":[141,170,216,228],"integrates":[143],"unifies":[145,229],"concepts":[146,181,230],"dimensions":[149],"variability.":[151],"In":[152],"article,":[154],"first":[156],"explain":[157,212],"construction":[159],"process":[160],"present":[162],"model.":[166],"We":[167],"validate":[168],"discuss":[172,196],"coverage":[174],"granularity":[176],"with":[177],"respect":[178],"established":[180],"Furthermore,":[188],"perform":[190],"formal":[192],"concept":[193],"commonalities":[198],"differences":[200],"among":[201],"considered.":[205],"Finally,":[206],"show":[208],"illustrative":[209],"applications":[210],"how":[213],"can":[217],"be":[218],"used":[219,233],"practice":[221],"conforming":[224],"tools.":[225],"The":[226],"relations":[232],"provides":[243],"unified":[245],"terminology":[246],"common":[248],"ground":[249],"researchers":[251],"developers":[253],"comparing":[255],"their":[256],"works,":[257],"clarifies":[258],"communication,":[259],"prevents":[261],"redundant":[262],"developments.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}