{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3217164279","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-021-10064-8","title":"Omni: automated ensemble with unexpected models against adversarial evasion attack","display_name":"Omni: automated ensemble with unexpected models against adversarial evasion attack","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3217164279","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-021-10064-8","mag":"3217164279"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10664-021-10064-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-021-10064-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109852484","display_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","issn_l":"1382-3256","issn":["1382-3256","1573-7616"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100746782","display_name":"Rui Shu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8937-7274"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rui Shu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054601902","display_name":"Tianpei Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6340-8041"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianpei Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028171895","display_name":"Laurie Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3300-6540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurie Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077008083","display_name":"Tim Menzies","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5040-3196"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tim Menzies","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5040-3196","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100746782"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"],"apc_list":{"value":2890,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8247,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87885528,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.8270561695098877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8082877993583679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evasion","display_name":"Evasion (ethics)","score":0.7823667526245117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware","display_name":"Malware","score":0.7124484777450562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6407440900802612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.6348694562911987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperparameter","display_name":"Hyperparameter","score":0.6155456304550171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.612697422504425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-machine-learning","display_name":"Adversarial machine learning","score":0.5674912333488464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary","display_name":"Adversary","score":0.5318617224693298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4105684161186218}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.8270561695098877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8082877993583679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781251061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416089","display_name":"Evasion (ethics)","level":3,"score":0.7823667526245117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.7124484777450562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6407440900802612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.6348694562911987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8642999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4171168","display_name":"Hyperparameter","level":2,"score":0.6155456304550171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.612697422504425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778403875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20312394","display_name":"Adversarial machine learning","level":3,"score":0.5674912333488464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.5318617224693298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4105684161186218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10664-021-10064-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-021-10064-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109852484","display_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","issn_l":"1382-3256","issn":["1382-3256","1573-7616"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6899951267","display_name":"SHF: Small: Detecting the 1%: Growing the Science of Vulnerability Detection","funder_award_id":"1909516","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":78,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3805906","https://openalex.org/W9657784","https://openalex.org/W1475084778","https://openalex.org/W1595159159","https://openalex.org/W1673923490","https://openalex.org/W1966741850","https://openalex.org/W2011876338","https://openalex.org/W2014466911","https://openalex.org/W2019363670","https://openalex.org/W2039427951","https://openalex.org/W2047237187","https://openalex.org/W2056884786","https://openalex.org/W2072528853","https://openalex.org/W2082190528","https://openalex.org/W2089103284","https://openalex.org/W2095195675","https://openalex.org/W2097998348","https://openalex.org/W2099940443","https://openalex.org/W2105037940","https://openalex.org/W2119821739","https://openalex.org/W2122672392","https://openalex.org/W2146211964","https://openalex.org/W2151298633","https://openalex.org/W2160289821","https://openalex.org/W2167421362","https://openalex.org/W2180612164","https://openalex.org/W2186294736","https://openalex.org/W2192203593","https://openalex.org/W2243397390","https://openalex.org/W2250904038","https://openalex.org/W2293768274","https://openalex.org/W2296452361","https://openalex.org/W2402164583","https://openalex.org/W2408141691","https://openalex.org/W2432142698","https://openalex.org/W2461943168","https://openalex.org/W2517229335","https://openalex.org/W2572504188","https://openalex.org/W2573650634","https://openalex.org/W2590523583","https://openalex.org/W2591788621","https://openalex.org/W2603766943","https://openalex.org/W2744095836","https://openalex.org/W2749572357","https://openalex.org/W2755956102","https://openalex.org/W2766613627","https://openalex.org/W2767023880","https://openalex.org/W2773446523","https://openalex.org/W2789828921","https://openalex.org/W2797678261","https://openalex.org/W2810611310","https://openalex.org/W2888630264","https://openalex.org/W2897166288","https://openalex.org/W2906631928","https://openalex.org/W2911510572","https://openalex.org/W2911955316","https://openalex.org/W2913848079","https://openalex.org/W2963461515","https://openalex.org/W2963564844","https://openalex.org/W2963857521","https://openalex.org/W2964043980","https://openalex.org/W2964082701","https://openalex.org/W2968580482","https://openalex.org/W2969695741","https://openalex.org/W2973070188","https://openalex.org/W2994681232","https://openalex.org/W3007237045","https://openalex.org/W3007712033","https://openalex.org/W3020059240","https://openalex.org/W3043638540","https://openalex.org/W3103340107","https://openalex.org/W3103836116","https://openalex.org/W3103940881","https://openalex.org/W3104158743","https://openalex.org/W4211116959","https://openalex.org/W4238893454","https://openalex.org/W4247200422","https://openalex.org/W4289038676"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387298227","https://openalex.org/W2526398307","https://openalex.org/W3048732067","https://openalex.org/W4383468834","https://openalex.org/W2470029541","https://openalex.org/W4384648009","https://openalex.org/W4387065217","https://openalex.org/W4303645823","https://openalex.org/W4285263558","https://openalex.org/W2900159906"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
