{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2991463935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-019-09768-9","title":"An empirical catalog of code smells for the presentation layer of Android apps","display_name":"An empirical catalog of code smells for the presentation layer of Android apps","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2991463935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-019-09768-9","mag":"2991463935"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10664-019-09768-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-019-09768-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10664-019-09768-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109852484","display_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","issn_l":"1382-3256","issn":["1382-3256","1573-7616"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10664-019-09768-9.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076947409","display_name":"Suelen Goularte Carvalho","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suelen Goularte Carvalho","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033008187","display_name":"Maur\u00edcio Aniche","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8893-2835"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maur\u00edcio Aniche","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000998017","display_name":"J\u00falio Ver\u00edssimo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1315085146","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Lavras","ror":"https://ror.org/0122bmm03","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315085146"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J\u00falio Ver\u00edssimo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1315085146"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038101088","display_name":"Rafael S. Durelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6343-7715"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1315085146","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Lavras","ror":"https://ror.org/0122bmm03","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315085146"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafael S. Durelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1315085146"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007593721","display_name":"Marco Aur\u00e9lio Gerosa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1399-7535"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203172682","display_name":"Northern Arizona University","ror":"https://ror.org/0272j5188","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Aur\u00e9lio Gerosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033008187"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"fwci":2.8148,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9256067,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"6","first_page":"3546","last_page":"3586"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/android","display_name":"Android (operating system)","score":0.8865237236022949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-smell","display_name":"Code smell","score":0.8734915852546692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5837864875793457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maintainability","display_name":"Maintainability","score":0.5770536661148071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.533029317855835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4433363378047943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.43381422758102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.35375431180000305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.321894109249115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-quality","display_name":"Software quality","score":0.23131734132766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1662158966064453}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557433098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94","display_name":"Android (operating system)","level":2,"score":0.8865237236022949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133237599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2295111","display_name":"Code smell","level":5,"score":0.8734915852546692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5837864875793457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160713754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1389965","display_name":"Maintainability","level":2,"score":0.5770536661148071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.533029317855835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4433363378047943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.43381422758102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.35375431180000305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.321894109249115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.23131734132766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1662158966064453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10664-019-09768-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-019-09768-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10664-019-09768-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109852484","display_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","issn_l":"1382-3256","issn":["1382-3256","1573-7616"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:e79aac89-295c-413b-9ca1-1140ddd3db14","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e79aac89-295c-413b-9ca1-1140ddd3db14","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400906","display_name":"Research Repository (Delft University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","host_organization_name":"Delft University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10664-019-09768-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-019-09768-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10664-019-09768-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109852484","display_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","issn_l":"1382-3256","issn":["1382-3256","1573-7616"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2991463935.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2991463935.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1342665","https://openalex.org/W1487083903","https://openalex.org/W1507539036","https://openalex.org/W1511637839","https://openalex.org/W1515587369","https://openalex.org/W1517055698","https://openalex.org/W1536294735","https://openalex.org/W1658908529","https://openalex.org/W1803273808","https://openalex.org/W1982871693","https://openalex.org/W1986300245","https://openalex.org/W2007425631","https://openalex.org/W2012417496","https://openalex.org/W2017709030","https://openalex.org/W2031459347","https://openalex.org/W2043328610","https://openalex.org/W2053667299","https://openalex.org/W2062666593","https://openalex.org/W2064873664","https://openalex.org/W2080982416","https://openalex.org/W2083714857","https://openalex.org/W2095839586","https://openalex.org/W2100925270","https://openalex.org/W2106013472","https://openalex.org/W2108086273","https://openalex.org/W2126399635","https://openalex.org/W2140504739","https://openalex.org/W2140952846","https://openalex.org/W2143860600","https://openalex.org/W2146691185","https://openalex.org/W2151295763","https://openalex.org/W2153887189","https://openalex.org/W2154652861","https://openalex.org/W2160506632","https://openalex.org/W2167293777","https://openalex.org/W2277619875","https://openalex.org/W2292662527","https://openalex.org/W2310208102","https://openalex.org/W2398420017","https://openalex.org/W2405108891","https://openalex.org/W2487871493","https://openalex.org/W2561923752","https://openalex.org/W2576508955","https://openalex.org/W2594575963","https://openalex.org/W2608882116","https://openalex.org/W2626222647","https://openalex.org/W2752705533","https://openalex.org/W2754176165","https://openalex.org/W2765648970","https://openalex.org/W2821759873","https://openalex.org/W2889951619","https://openalex.org/W2890432166","https://openalex.org/W2906151105","https://openalex.org/W2956141420","https://openalex.org/W3021836553","https://openalex.org/W3034145953","https://openalex.org/W3105133011","https://openalex.org/W3145100113","https://openalex.org/W4241233223","https://openalex.org/W4248228072","https://openalex.org/W4393840967"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001730430","https://openalex.org/W3046890777","https://openalex.org/W2900531022","https://openalex.org/W3032783300","https://openalex.org/W4244517042","https://openalex.org/W1974189775","https://openalex.org/W3003429148","https://openalex.org/W4206977531","https://openalex.org/W2306701168","https://openalex.org/W2991463935"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Software":[1],"developers,":[2,114,209],"including":[3],"those":[4],"of":[5,31,41,67,86,100,125,139,177,187,219],"the":[6,36,56,78,84,136,151,174,194],"Android":[7,69,79,113,126,162,178,200],"mobile":[8],"platform,":[9],"constantly":[10],"seek":[11],"to":[12,55,173,185],"improve":[13],"their":[14,140,157],"applications\u2019":[15],"maintainability":[16],"and":[17,48,89,96,105,134,142,155,190,192,211],"evolvability.":[18],"Code":[19],"smells":[20,118,133,154,171,184,196,204],"are":[21,53,59],"commonly":[22],"used":[23],"for":[24,71,122,214],"this":[25,123],"purpose,":[26],"as":[27,45,83,91,93,103],"they":[28],"indicate":[29],"symptoms":[30],"design":[32],"problems.":[33],"However,":[34],"although":[35],"literature":[37],"presents":[38],"a":[39,108,147],"variety":[40],"code":[42,117,132,153],"smells,":[43],"such":[44],"God":[46],"Class":[47],"Long":[49],"Method,":[50],"characteristics":[51],"that":[52,119,149],"specific":[54,74,131,172],"underlying":[57],"technologies":[58],"not":[60],"taken":[61],"into":[62],"account.":[63],"The":[64],"presentation":[65,175],"layer":[66,176],"an":[68],"app,":[70],"example,":[72],"implements":[73],"architectural":[75],"decisions":[76],"from":[77],"platform":[80],"itself":[81],"(such":[82,102],"use":[85],"Activities,":[87],"Fragments,":[88],"Listeners)":[90],"well":[92],"deal":[94],"with":[95],"integrate":[97],"different":[98],"types":[99],"resources":[101],"layouts":[104],"images).":[106],"Through":[107],"three-step":[109],"study":[110],"involving":[111],"246":[112],"we":[115],"investigated":[116],"developers":[120,169,181,213],"perceive":[121,170],"part":[124],"apps.":[127,163,201],"We":[128,144],"devised":[129],"20":[130],"collected":[135],"developers\u2019":[137],"perceptions":[138],"frequency":[141],"importance.":[143],"also":[145],"implemented":[146],"tool":[148,212],"identifies":[150],"proposed":[152,195],"studied":[156],"prevalence":[158],"in":[159,198],"619":[160],"open-source":[161],"Our":[164,202],"findings":[165],"suggest":[166],"that:":[167],"1)":[168],"apps;":[179],"2)":[180],"consider":[182],"these":[183],"be":[186,206],"high":[188],"importance":[189],"frequency;":[191],"3)":[193],"occur":[197],"real-world":[199],"domain-specific":[203],"can":[205],"leveraged":[207],"by":[208],"researchers,":[210],"searching":[215],"potentially":[216],"problematic":[217],"pieces":[218],"code.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}