{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2293974326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-016-9426-8","title":"A robust multi-objective approach to balance severity and importance of refactoring opportunities","display_name":"A robust multi-objective approach to balance severity and importance of refactoring opportunities","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-03-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2293974326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-016-9426-8","mag":"2293974326"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10664-016-9426-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-016-9426-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109852484","display_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","issn_l":"1382-3256","issn":["1382-3256","1573-7616"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067869262","display_name":"Mohamed Wiem Mkaouer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6010-7561"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130704","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Dearborn","ror":"https://ror.org/035wtm547","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Wiem Mkaouer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Dearborn, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Dearborn, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024207305","display_name":"Marouane Kessentini","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130704","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Dearborn","ror":"https://ror.org/035wtm547","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marouane Kessentini","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Dearborn, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Dearborn, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003615384","display_name":"Mel \u00d3 Cinn\u00e9ide","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3498-7056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100930933","display_name":"University College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/05m7pjf47","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mel \u00d3 Cinn\u00e9ide","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066400160","display_name":"Shinpei Hayashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7988-7772"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","display_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0112mx960","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shinpei Hayashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088394271","display_name":"Kalyanmoy Deb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7402-9939"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kalyanmoy Deb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067869262"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.9528,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99070922,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"2","first_page":"894","last_page":"927"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-refactoring","display_name":"Code refactoring","score":0.9901654720306396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7385550737380981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6626082062721252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-smell","display_name":"Code smell","score":0.5575342774391174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.47540172934532166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prioritization","display_name":"Prioritization","score":0.47197800874710083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-quality","display_name":"Software quality","score":0.45469987392425537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.44391846656799316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-system","display_name":"Software system","score":0.41293051838874817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.4119400084018707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.35120826959609985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.32999324798583984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.28081202507019043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2113470435142517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.20520398020744324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.12518218159675598}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152752567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116877","display_name":"Code refactoring","level":3,"score":0.9901654720306396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7385550737380981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6626082062721252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133237599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2295111","display_name":"Code smell","level":5,"score":0.5575342774391174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.47540172934532166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777615720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11888847","display_name":"Prioritization","level":2,"score":0.47197800874710083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.45469987392425537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.44391846656799316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.41293051838874817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.4119400084018707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.35120826959609985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.32999324798583984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.28081202507019043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2113470435142517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.20520398020744324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.12518218159675598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10664-016-9426-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-016-9426-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109852484","display_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","issn_l":"1382-3256","issn":["1382-3256","1573-7616"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:t2r2.star.titech.ac.jp:50305198","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://t2r2.star.titech.ac.jp/cgi-bin/publicationinfo.cgi?q_publication_content_number=CTT100703307","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196385","display_name":"Tokyo Tech Research Repository (Tokyo Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","host_organization_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W162631536","https://openalex.org/W649920412","https://openalex.org/W1487083903","https://openalex.org/W1487664366","https://openalex.org/W1493953653","https://openalex.org/W1495574240","https://openalex.org/W1498770298","https://openalex.org/W1511637839","https://openalex.org/W1529278916","https://openalex.org/W1532283544","https://openalex.org/W1600188168","https://openalex.org/W1608348795","https://openalex.org/W1637866372","https://openalex.org/W1785944873","https://openalex.org/W1963598945","https://openalex.org/W1965335252","https://openalex.org/W1971826777","https://openalex.org/W1975625113","https://openalex.org/W1977321274","https://openalex.org/W1985536908","https://openalex.org/W1987438174","https://openalex.org/W1990575811","https://openalex.org/W1993377828","https://openalex.org/W1997043306","https://openalex.org/W2001730430","https://openalex.org/W2025184155","https://openalex.org/W2039978418","https://openalex.org/W2060561050","https://openalex.org/W2062137808","https://openalex.org/W2068321882","https://openalex.org/W2075356520","https://openalex.org/W2085922383","https://openalex.org/W2089910927","https://openalex.org/W2099613036","https://openalex.org/W2106013472","https://openalex.org/W2116610783","https://openalex.org/W2117850004","https://openalex.org/W2119811370","https://openalex.org/W2126105956","https://openalex.org/W2126161037","https://openalex.org/W2130509252","https://openalex.org/W2130877788","https://openalex.org/W2134203992","https://openalex.org/W2137659640","https://openalex.org/W2138428785","https://openalex.org/W2139074146","https://openalex.org/W2139111262","https://openalex.org/W2141069252","https://openalex.org/W2149609149","https://openalex.org/W2151295763","https://openalex.org/W2153887189","https://openalex.org/W2156106639","https://openalex.org/W2165896645","https://openalex.org/W2167363007","https://openalex.org/W2168499709","https://openalex.org/W2170176908","https://openalex.org/W2171383742","https://openalex.org/W2200579066","https://openalex.org/W2285346181","https://openalex.org/W2501499883","https://openalex.org/W4231266416"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2780981476","https://openalex.org/W2088986462","https://openalex.org/W3166181464","https://openalex.org/W2955607951","https://openalex.org/W4385569644","https://openalex.org/W2946499381","https://openalex.org/W2187939805","https://openalex.org/W125071098","https://openalex.org/W2517910349","https://openalex.org/W2801360630"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
