{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2345506238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-011-9189-1","title":"Kernel methods for software effort estimation","display_name":"Kernel methods for software effort estimation","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-12-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2345506238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-011-9189-1","mag":"2345506238"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10664-011-9189-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-011-9189-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109852484","display_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","issn_l":"1382-3256","issn":["1382-3256","1573-7616"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061041113","display_name":"Ekrem Kocag\u00fcneli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12097938","display_name":"West Virginia University","ror":"https://ror.org/011vxgd24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ekrem Kocaguneli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077008083","display_name":"Tim Menzies","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5040-3196"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12097938","display_name":"West Virginia University","ror":"https://ror.org/011vxgd24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tim Menzies","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051403641","display_name":"Jacky Keung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3803-9600"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacky W. Keung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061041113"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"],"apc_list":{"value":2890,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.7035,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98317496,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9811000227928162,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.9215326309204102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.7267338633537292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.603519082069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel-density-estimation","display_name":"Kernel density estimation","score":0.5495818257331848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable-kernel-density-estimation","display_name":"Variable kernel density estimation","score":0.5072614550590515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.4740048348903656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel-method","display_name":"Kernel method","score":0.4536057412624359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/a-weighting","display_name":"A-weighting","score":0.4474416673183441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4306719899177551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.4176866412162781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.37417078018188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3642593026161194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.34426602721214294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3389142155647278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3269239664077759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.29433146119117737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.07109040021896362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.06681236624717712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.05277720093727112}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.9215326309204102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.7267338633537292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.603519082069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71134354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458825","display_name":"Kernel density estimation","level":3,"score":0.5495818257331848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195699287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915722","display_name":"Variable kernel density estimation","level":4,"score":0.5072614550590515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4740048348903656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122280245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620622","display_name":"Kernel method","level":3,"score":0.4536057412624359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70136482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13583781","display_name":"A-weighting","level":3,"score":0.4474416673183441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4306719899177551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.4176866412162781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.37417078018188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3642593026161194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.34426602721214294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3389142155647278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3269239664077759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.29433146119117737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.07109040021896362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.06681236624717712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.05277720093727112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10664-011-9189-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-011-9189-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109852484","display_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","issn_l":"1382-3256","issn":["1382-3256","1573-7616"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Empirical Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/12214","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/12214","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal/Magazine Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W204885769","https://openalex.org/W1495297318","https://openalex.org/W1519970947","https://openalex.org/W1550696814","https://openalex.org/W1565404021","https://openalex.org/W1565774589","https://openalex.org/W1572121282","https://openalex.org/W1584951469","https://openalex.org/W1592551755","https://openalex.org/W1603123038","https://openalex.org/W1695350145","https://openalex.org/W1912123407","https://openalex.org/W1967875050","https://openalex.org/W1969265968","https://openalex.org/W2005943993","https://openalex.org/W2014455254","https://openalex.org/W2036259709","https://openalex.org/W2062208587","https://openalex.org/W2063726643","https://openalex.org/W2075848956","https://openalex.org/W2084479370","https://openalex.org/W2092528416","https://openalex.org/W2092952332","https://openalex.org/W2102899008","https://openalex.org/W2104132866","https://openalex.org/W2104236502","https://openalex.org/W2104777241","https://openalex.org/W2106282576","https://openalex.org/W2109105289","https://openalex.org/W2111758151","https://openalex.org/W2112382199","https://openalex.org/W2114105580","https://openalex.org/W2115053106","https://openalex.org/W2124271421","https://openalex.org/W2125791732","https://openalex.org/W2125809971","https://openalex.org/W2127608804","https://openalex.org/W2129707602","https://openalex.org/W2130227936","https://openalex.org/W2131378644","https://openalex.org/W2132938761","https://openalex.org/W2133757659","https://openalex.org/W2139301874","https://openalex.org/W2139357103","https://openalex.org/W2140246936","https://openalex.org/W2144641356","https://openalex.org/W2159747233","https://openalex.org/W2161745867","https://openalex.org/W2171665309","https://openalex.org/W2171816001","https://openalex.org/W2183577263","https://openalex.org/W2340391139","https://openalex.org/W2496675188","https://openalex.org/W2601354821","https://openalex.org/W2751318774","https://openalex.org/W2799061466","https://openalex.org/W4206457894","https://openalex.org/W4231566928","https://openalex.org/W4232941184","https://openalex.org/W4235667863","https://openalex.org/W4243803801","https://openalex.org/W4243860260","https://openalex.org/W4249023022","https://openalex.org/W4250383614","https://openalex.org/W4252198446","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4298870207"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2389730489","https://openalex.org/W2355371556","https://openalex.org/W122742822","https://openalex.org/W2371062347","https://openalex.org/W3088749410","https://openalex.org/W2369488729","https://openalex.org/W2377575454","https://openalex.org/W1973622377","https://openalex.org/W2595332037","https://openalex.org/W2345506238"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}