{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2061948404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10660-006-6955-z","title":"Software watermarking via opaque predicates: Implementation, analysis, and attacks","display_name":"Software watermarking via opaque predicates: Implementation, analysis, and attacks","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2061948404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10660-006-6955-z","mag":"2061948404"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10660-006-6955-z","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10660-006-6955-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205929853","display_name":"Electronic Commerce Research","issn_l":"1389-5753","issn":["1389-5753","1572-9362"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Commerce Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109047493","display_name":"Ginger Myles","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ginger Myles","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA","Department of Computer Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA 85721#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA 85721#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053588590","display_name":"Christian Collberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1301-7939"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Collberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA","Department of Computer Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA 85721#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA 85721#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109047493"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5686,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":83,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92726206,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"2","first_page":"155","last_page":"171"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/watermark","display_name":"Watermark","score":0.786773681640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.782930850982666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-watermarking","display_name":"Digital watermarking","score":0.7763640880584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.699699878692627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5994477868080139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opacity","display_name":"Opacity","score":0.4877055585384369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taint-checking","display_name":"Taint checking","score":0.4768211245536804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/java","display_name":"Java","score":0.4604492783546448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-hiding","display_name":"Information hiding","score":0.44650837779045105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-analysis","display_name":"Static analysis","score":0.4393693506717682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.33029165863990784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.308174192905426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.22421449422836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1698000729084015}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164112704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7974348","display_name":"Watermark","level":3,"score":0.786773681640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.782930850982666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.7763640880584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.699699878692627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5994477868080139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60056205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691914","display_name":"Opacity","level":2,"score":0.4877055585384369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63116202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7676227","display_name":"Taint checking","level":3,"score":0.4768211245536804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548217200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251","display_name":"Java","level":2,"score":0.4604492783546448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3073032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15912075","display_name":"Information hiding","level":3,"score":0.44650837779045105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97686452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604153","display_name":"Static analysis","level":2,"score":0.4393693506717682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.33029165863990784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.308174192905426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.22421449422836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1698000729084015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10660-006-6955-z","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10660-006-6955-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205929853","display_name":"Electronic Commerce Research","issn_l":"1389-5753","issn":["1389-5753","1572-9362"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Commerce Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W54139165","https://openalex.org/W303139982","https://openalex.org/W1482650226","https://openalex.org/W1489356009","https://openalex.org/W1491178396","https://openalex.org/W1769025116","https://openalex.org/W1862568640","https://openalex.org/W1899609882","https://openalex.org/W2019763646","https://openalex.org/W2086968222","https://openalex.org/W2104489637","https://openalex.org/W2108320571","https://openalex.org/W2108551812","https://openalex.org/W2126851641","https://openalex.org/W2152480594","https://openalex.org/W2154839674","https://openalex.org/W2156897720","https://openalex.org/W2165069015","https://openalex.org/W2523687998","https://openalex.org/W6610773549","https://openalex.org/W6629325410","https://openalex.org/W6638109496","https://openalex.org/W6675530728","https://openalex.org/W7045693637"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2553172991","https://openalex.org/W2163154804","https://openalex.org/W2150361697","https://openalex.org/W2016891914","https://openalex.org/W184978540","https://openalex.org/W2528467228","https://openalex.org/W2150608900","https://openalex.org/W2031497974","https://openalex.org/W2804220755","https://openalex.org/W2061948404"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}