{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7118127599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-025-13866-1","title":"Levels, stickers, and strategies: how gamified math tasks foster elementary student engagement","display_name":"Levels, stickers, and strategies: how gamified math tasks foster elementary student engagement","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7118127599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-025-13866-1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10639-025-13866-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-025-13866-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10639-025-13866-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166722454","display_name":"Education and Information Technologies","issn_l":"1360-2357","issn":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education and Information Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10639-025-13866-1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050927864","display_name":"Zilong Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7641-0362"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zilong Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Education and Human Services, College of Education, Lehigh University, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7641-0362","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Education and Human Services, College of Education, Lehigh University, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121905141","display_name":"Ke Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191429286","display_name":"Sam Houston State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yh3cz06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191429286"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ke Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Teaching and Learning College of Education, Sam Houston State University, 1908 Bobby K Marks Drive, Huntsville, TX, 77341, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Teaching and Learning College of Education, Sam Houston State University, 1908 Bobby K Marks Drive, Huntsville, TX, 77341, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191429286"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101366589","display_name":"Jiayan Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiayan Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Education and Human Services, College of Education, Lehigh University, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Education and Human Services, College of Education, Lehigh University, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006340300","display_name":"Melissa K. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9123-1706"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melissa Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Education and Human Services, College of Education, Lehigh University, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Education and Human Services, College of Education, Lehigh University, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050927864"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3190},"fwci":96.1884,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99781119,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"6","first_page":"1687","last_page":"1709"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.6014999747276306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.6014999747276306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14182","display_name":"Technology-Enhanced Education Studies","score":0.02630000002682209,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12522","display_name":"Mathematics Education and Pedagogy","score":0.02199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2604","display_name":"Applied Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-engagement","display_name":"Student engagement","score":0.6969000101089478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metacognition","display_name":"Metacognition","score":0.6651999950408936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.5012999773025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-technology","display_name":"Educational technology","score":0.4553999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qualitative-property","display_name":"Qualitative property","score":0.43220001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qualitative-research","display_name":"Qualitative research","score":0.41690000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instructional-design","display_name":"Instructional design","score":0.357699990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-integration","display_name":"Technology integration","score":0.3555000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/science-education","display_name":"Science education","score":0.34630000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimethodology","display_name":"Multimethodology","score":0.3422999978065491}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194519906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7627827","display_name":"Student engagement","level":2,"score":0.6969000101089478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118147538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126970","display_name":"Metacognition","level":3,"score":0.6651999950408936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.659600019454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6001999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5012999773025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16443162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068473","display_name":"Educational technology","level":2,"score":0.4553999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87156501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708","display_name":"Qualitative property","level":2,"score":0.43220001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.41690000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.37689998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159456220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q667334","display_name":"Instructional design","level":2,"score":0.357699990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778048005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7692612","display_name":"Technology integration","level":3,"score":0.3555000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44877443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2485457","display_name":"Science education","level":2,"score":0.34630000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156393514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934800","display_name":"Multimethodology","level":2,"score":0.3422999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986206625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18185","display_name":"Student achievement","level":3,"score":0.3402999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61641136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1107019","display_name":"Cognitive load","level":3,"score":0.33660000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88610354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813494","display_name":"Teaching method","level":2,"score":0.3321000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110131835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153659","display_name":"Self-efficacy","level":2,"score":0.3190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018587665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268696","display_name":"Qualitative analysis","level":3,"score":0.30309998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80245801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1477475","display_name":"Semi-structured interview","level":3,"score":0.3009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10050518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q975085","display_name":"Primary education","level":2,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982948194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140363","display_name":"Game based learning","level":2,"score":0.27970001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781206393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2748419","display_name":"Academic achievement","level":2,"score":0.2791000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194995250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q531136","display_name":"Affordance","level":2,"score":0.26930001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020207766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4405230","display_name":"Student teacher","level":3,"score":0.26440000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133112747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7251931","display_name":"Protocol analysis","level":2,"score":0.26420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984419406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2485457","display_name":"Science learning","level":3,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87858587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q730675","display_name":"Quantitative research","level":2,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58801604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3284266","display_name":"Elementary mathematics","level":2,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780805685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1374230","display_name":"Teacher education","level":2,"score":0.2540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776893095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428888","display_name":"Faculty development","level":3,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10639-025-13866-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-025-13866-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10639-025-13866-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166722454","display_name":"Education and Information Technologies","issn_l":"1360-2357","issn":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education and Information Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10639-025-13866-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-025-13866-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10639-025-13866-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166722454","display_name":"Education and Information Technologies","issn_l":"1360-2357","issn":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education and Information Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6609348058700562}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7118127599.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7118127599.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1646951738","https://openalex.org/W1996404060","https://openalex.org/W1998933811","https://openalex.org/W2006138973","https://openalex.org/W2023557850","https://openalex.org/W2034721914","https://openalex.org/W2087246665","https://openalex.org/W2101338329","https://openalex.org/W2117692546","https://openalex.org/W2135995390","https://openalex.org/W2169570446","https://openalex.org/W2290217614","https://openalex.org/W2590009086","https://openalex.org/W2604819331","https://openalex.org/W2884472172","https://openalex.org/W2901736561","https://openalex.org/W2903427946","https://openalex.org/W2921854157","https://openalex.org/W2971948718","https://openalex.org/W3000653079","https://openalex.org/W3011069239","https://openalex.org/W3016249157","https://openalex.org/W3025274694","https://openalex.org/W3036513055","https://openalex.org/W3110383036","https://openalex.org/W4229814857","https://openalex.org/W4289865886","https://openalex.org/W4362703696","https://openalex.org/W4381333135","https://openalex.org/W4382940686","https://openalex.org/W4403777198","https://openalex.org/W4406585891","https://openalex.org/W6922532977"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"mixed-methods":[2],"study":[3],"examines":[4],"the":[5,30,121],"impact":[6],"of":[7,123],"gamified":[8,39,124],"problem-solving":[9,125],"activities":[10],"on":[11],"elementary":[12],"students\u2019":[13,68,91],"behavioral,":[14],"emotional,":[15],"and":[16,24,46,49,54,74,84,94,106,116,131,145],"cognitive":[17,75],"engagement":[18,61,130],"in":[19,29,34,67,72,139],"mathematics.":[20],"Thirty-three":[21],"5th-grade":[22],"students":[23],"three":[25],"math":[26,140],"teachers":[27,110],"participated":[28],"study,":[31],"using":[32],"First":[33],"Math":[35],"(FIM),":[36],"a":[37],"digital":[38],"learning":[40],"platform.":[41],"Quantitative":[42],"data":[43,51],"from":[44,52],"pre-":[45],"post-intervention":[47],"surveys":[48],"qualitative":[50],"student":[53],"teacher":[55],"interviews":[56,98],"were":[57,87],"analyzed":[58],"to":[59,89,127],"explore":[60],"outcomes.":[62],"Results":[63],"revealed":[64],"significant":[65],"increases":[66],"overall":[69],"engagement,":[70],"particularly":[71],"behavioral":[73],"domains.":[76],"Gamification":[77],"elements,":[78],"such":[79,101],"as":[80,102],"rewards,":[81],"adaptive":[82],"challenges,":[83],"time-based":[85],"tasks,":[86],"found":[88],"enhance":[90],"participation,":[92,104],"persistence,":[93],"strategic":[95],"thinking.":[96],"Student":[97],"highlighted":[99],"factors":[100],"active":[103],"enjoyment":[105],"metacognitive":[107],"awareness,":[108],"while":[109],"observed":[111],"elements":[112],"including":[113],"peer":[114],"interaction":[115],"persistence.":[117],"These":[118],"findings":[119],"underscore":[120],"potential":[122],"tools":[126],"support":[128],"deeper":[129],"offer":[132],"instructional":[133],"strategies":[134],"for":[135,143],"integrating":[136],"gamification":[137],"effectively":[138],"classrooms.":[141],"Implications":[142],"practice":[144],"future":[146],"research":[147],"directions":[148],"are":[149],"discussed.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T05:59:34.339393","created_date":"2026-01-04T00:00:00"}