{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4398767118","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-12725-9","title":"Can learners benefit from chatbots instead of humans? A systematic review of human-chatbot comparison research in language education","display_name":"Can learners benefit from chatbots instead of humans? A systematic review of human-chatbot comparison research in language education","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4398767118","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-12725-9"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10639-024-12725-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-12725-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166722454","display_name":"Education and Information Technologies","issn_l":"1360-2357","issn":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education and Information Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061948392","display_name":"Jaeho Jeon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1161-3676"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaeho Jeon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Curriculum and Instruction, Indiana University Bloomington, 201 N. Rose Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405-1006, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1161-3676","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Curriculum and Instruction, Indiana University Bloomington, 201 N. Rose Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405-1006, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004387910","display_name":"Seongyong Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9436-4272"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13591777","display_name":"University of Nottingham Ningbo China","ror":"https://ror.org/03y4dt428","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13591777","https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Seongyong Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Education and English, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang East Road, Ningbo, 315100, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9436-4272","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Education and English, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang East Road, Ningbo, 315100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13591777"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004387910"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13591777"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.0297,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98213122,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"17","first_page":"23329","last_page":"23360"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9678000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chatbot","display_name":"Chatbot","score":0.957500696182251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-technology","display_name":"Educational technology","score":0.5232621431350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4792090356349945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.4686160683631897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.321927011013031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2959781587123871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedagogy","display_name":"Pedagogy","score":0.2921081781387329}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779041454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870780","display_name":"Chatbot","level":2,"score":0.957500696182251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16443162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068473","display_name":"Educational technology","level":2,"score":0.5232621431350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4792090356349945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4686160683631897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.321927011013031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2959781587123871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.2921081781387329}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10639-024-12725-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-12725-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166722454","display_name":"Education and Information Technologies","issn_l":"1360-2357","issn":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education and Information Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.800000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001771035","https://openalex.org/W2075950485","https://openalex.org/W2245843004","https://openalex.org/W2611639467","https://openalex.org/W2617381106","https://openalex.org/W2772009724","https://openalex.org/W2889357810","https://openalex.org/W2903839616","https://openalex.org/W2914668327","https://openalex.org/W3009335665","https://openalex.org/W3029463573","https://openalex.org/W3030159578","https://openalex.org/W3033795507","https://openalex.org/W3047842435","https://openalex.org/W3087130547","https://openalex.org/W3094264786","https://openalex.org/W3094631228","https://openalex.org/W3127238994","https://openalex.org/W3132276786","https://openalex.org/W3134927537","https://openalex.org/W3144300208","https://openalex.org/W3184900232","https://openalex.org/W3204718649","https://openalex.org/W3205296127","https://openalex.org/W3214237218","https://openalex.org/W3214245458","https://openalex.org/W4200236398","https://openalex.org/W4206806123","https://openalex.org/W4212965206","https://openalex.org/W4214847198","https://openalex.org/W4224229986","https://openalex.org/W4225514499","https://openalex.org/W4229332212","https://openalex.org/W4280550159","https://openalex.org/W4284896011","https://openalex.org/W4284991798","https://openalex.org/W4288359812","https://openalex.org/W4321499901","https://openalex.org/W4323655724","https://openalex.org/W4361294907","https://openalex.org/W4362584541","https://openalex.org/W4366364476","https://openalex.org/W4367055302","https://openalex.org/W4367678106","https://openalex.org/W4372319207","https://openalex.org/W4385988305","https://openalex.org/W4388095513","https://openalex.org/W4390840543","https://openalex.org/W6601375173"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4383501580","https://openalex.org/W4214931137","https://openalex.org/W4387007686","https://openalex.org/W4313813117","https://openalex.org/W4382052417","https://openalex.org/W3192088754","https://openalex.org/W3084631705","https://openalex.org/W3176146353"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-09T13:55:54.758798","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}