{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391256306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-12405-0","title":"How should we change teaching and assessment in response to increasingly powerful generative Artificial Intelligence? Outcomes of the ChatGPT teacher survey","display_name":"How should we change teaching and assessment in response to increasingly powerful generative Artificial Intelligence? Outcomes of the ChatGPT teacher survey","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391256306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-12405-0"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10639-023-12405-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-12405-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10639-023-12405-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166722454","display_name":"Education and Information Technologies","issn_l":"1360-2357","issn":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education and Information Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10639-023-12405-0.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085084801","display_name":"Matt Bower","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4161-5816"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99043593","display_name":"Macquarie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01sf06y89","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matt Bower","raw_affiliation_strings":["Macquarie School of Education, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4161-5816","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Macquarie School of Education, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032531095","display_name":"Jodie Torrington","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2754-0691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99043593","display_name":"Macquarie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01sf06y89","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jodie Torrington","raw_affiliation_strings":["Macquarie School of Education, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2754-0691","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Macquarie School of Education, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020478385","display_name":"Jennifer W. M. Lai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9042-7064"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99043593","display_name":"Macquarie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01sf06y89","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer W. M. Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Macquarie School of Education, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9042-7064","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Macquarie School of Education, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016045554","display_name":"Peter Petocz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1266-0060"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99043593","display_name":"Macquarie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01sf06y89","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Petocz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Research Academy, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1266-0060","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Research Academy, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002852096","display_name":"Mark Alfano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5879-8033"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99043593","display_name":"Macquarie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01sf06y89","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Alfano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Philosophy, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5879-8033","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Philosophy, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020478385"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3190},"fwci":17.2237,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":167,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99499634,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9858999848365784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9858999848365784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9503999948501587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.6262286305427551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curriculum","display_name":"Curriculum","score":0.5730004906654358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.550412654876709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ignorance","display_name":"Ignorance","score":0.47749775648117065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teaching-method","display_name":"Teaching method","score":0.4577639698982239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.4349328279495239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.40013277530670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedagogy","display_name":"Pedagogy","score":0.3544330596923828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18675607442855835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.15735727548599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.09082108736038208}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.6262286305427551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.5730004906654358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.550412654876709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778732403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815577","display_name":"Ignorance","level":2,"score":0.47749775648117065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88610354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813494","display_name":"Teaching method","level":2,"score":0.4577639698982239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.4349328279495239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.40013277530670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3544330596923828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18675607442855835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.15735727548599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.09082108736038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10639-023-12405-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-12405-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10639-023-12405-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166722454","display_name":"Education and Information Technologies","issn_l":"1360-2357","issn":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education and Information Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10639-023-12405-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-12405-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10639-023-12405-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166722454","display_name":"Education and Information Technologies","issn_l":"1360-2357","issn":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education and Information Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320591","display_name":"Macquarie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01sf06y89"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391256306.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1597328809","https://openalex.org/W2053154970","https://openalex.org/W2091397571","https://openalex.org/W2164777277","https://openalex.org/W2465323867","https://openalex.org/W2521840434","https://openalex.org/W2612690371","https://openalex.org/W2747508729","https://openalex.org/W2753127894","https://openalex.org/W2770717476","https://openalex.org/W2913861772","https://openalex.org/W2937444804","https://openalex.org/W2965058023","https://openalex.org/W2969912247","https://openalex.org/W2981863007","https://openalex.org/W2990879388","https://openalex.org/W2996289246","https://openalex.org/W3006837908","https://openalex.org/W3047244091","https://openalex.org/W3048335295","https://openalex.org/W3049508719","https://openalex.org/W3084223432","https://openalex.org/W3096556630","https://openalex.org/W3122947385","https://openalex.org/W3124069781","https://openalex.org/W3125976894","https://openalex.org/W3156614709","https://openalex.org/W3157202587","https://openalex.org/W3166401766","https://openalex.org/W3199189488","https://openalex.org/W3210166594","https://openalex.org/W4206380948","https://openalex.org/W4211262078","https://openalex.org/W4212774754","https://openalex.org/W4213430857","https://openalex.org/W4221079197","https://openalex.org/W4226278401","https://openalex.org/W4229056760","https://openalex.org/W4229376924","https://openalex.org/W4251115425","https://openalex.org/W4280651558","https://openalex.org/W4281692409","https://openalex.org/W4285809260","https://openalex.org/W4293731327","https://openalex.org/W4311091827","https://openalex.org/W4313425238","https://openalex.org/W4319345137","https://openalex.org/W4319790168","https://openalex.org/W4324046518","https://openalex.org/W4364348136","https://openalex.org/W4366281676","https://openalex.org/W6635637497","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6778883912","https://openalex.org/W7062190157"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4365211920","https://openalex.org/W3014948380","https://openalex.org/W4380551139","https://openalex.org/W4317695495","https://openalex.org/W4287117424","https://openalex.org/W4387506531","https://openalex.org/W2087346071","https://openalex.org/W2967848559","https://openalex.org/W4299831724","https://openalex.org/W4283803360"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"There":[1],"has":[2],"been":[3],"widespread":[4],"media":[5],"commentary":[6],"about":[7,69],"the":[8,20,48,70,78,89,161,170,220,232],"potential":[9],"impact":[10,71,110,140],"of":[11,28,40,50,60,72,98,141,150,152,163,185,223,234],"generative":[12,41,102,142,153,186],"Artificial":[13],"Intelligence":[14],"(AI)":[15],"such":[16],"as":[17,37,182],"ChatGPT":[18],"on":[19,74,111,144,200],"Education":[21],"field,":[22],"but":[23],"little":[24,124],"examination":[25],"at":[26],"scale":[27],"how":[29],"educators":[30,51],"believe":[31,82],"teaching":[32,61,75,83,112,145,214],"and":[33,67,76,84,88,113,134,146,174,203,215,226],"assessment":[34,85,175,216],"should":[35,86],"change":[36,212],"a":[38,57,106,116,123,183,198,238],"result":[39,184],"AI.":[42,243],"This":[43],"mixed":[44],"methods":[45],"study":[46],"examines":[47],"views":[49],"(":[52],"n":[53],"=":[54],"318)":[55],"from":[56],"diverse":[58],"range":[59],"levels,":[62,64],"experience":[63],"discipline":[65,131],"areas,":[66],"regions":[68],"AI":[73,103,143,154],"assessment,":[77,114],"ways":[79],"that":[80,101,177],"they":[81],"change,":[87],"key":[90],"motivations":[91],"for":[92],"changing":[93],"their":[94,213,224],"practices.":[95],"The":[96],"majority":[97],"teachers":[99,178],"felt":[100,119],"would":[104,121],"have":[105,122],"major":[107],"or":[108,125],"profound":[109],"though":[115],"sizeable":[117],"minority":[118],"it":[120],"no":[126],"impact.":[127],"Teaching":[128],"level,":[129],"experience,":[130],"area,":[132],"region,":[133],"gender":[135],"all":[136],"significantly":[137],"influenced":[138],"perceived":[139,157],"assessment.":[147],"Higher":[148],"levels":[149],"awareness":[151],"predicted":[155],"higher":[156],"impact,":[158],"pointing":[159],"to":[160,211,218],"possibility":[162],"an":[164],"\u2018ignorance":[165],"effect\u2019.":[166],"Thematic":[167],"analysis":[168],"revealed":[169],"specific":[171],"curriculum,":[172],"pedagogy,":[173],"changes":[176],"feel":[179],"are":[180],"needed":[181],"AI,":[187,193],"which":[188],"centre":[189],"around":[190],"learning":[191,201],"with":[192,240],"higher-order":[194],"thinking,":[195],"ethical":[196],"values,":[197],"focus":[199],"processes":[202],"face-to-face":[204],"relational":[205],"learning.":[206],"Teachers":[207],"were":[208],"most":[209],"motivated":[210],"practices":[217],"increase":[219],"performance":[221],"expectancy":[222],"students":[225],"themselves.":[227],"We":[228],"conclude":[229],"by":[230],"discussing":[231],"implications":[233],"these":[235],"findings":[236],"in":[237],"world":[239],"increasingly":[241],"prevalent":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":89},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":34}],"updated_date":"2026-06-14T07:44:22.658603","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
