{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4323668227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11544-0","title":"Digital transformation initiatives in higher education institutions: A multivocal literature review","display_name":"Digital transformation initiatives in higher education institutions: A multivocal literature review","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4323668227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11544-0","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37361743"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10639-022-11544-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11544-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10639-022-11544-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166722454","display_name":"Education and Information Technologies","issn_l":"1360-2357","issn":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education and Information Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10639-022-11544-0.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101982387","display_name":"Antonio Fern\u00e1ndez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3819-7940"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52354020","display_name":"University of Almer\u00eda","ror":"https://ror.org/003d3xx08","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52354020"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Fern\u00e1ndez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Inform\u00e1tica, Escuela Superior de Ingenier\u00edas, Universidad de Almer\u00eda, 04120 Almer\u00eda, Spain","Departamento de Inform\u00e1tica, Escuela Superior de Ingenier\u00edas, Universidad de Almer\u00eda, 04120, Almer\u00eda, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Inform\u00e1tica, Escuela Superior de Ingenier\u00edas, Universidad de Almer\u00eda, 04120 Almer\u00eda, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52354020"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Inform\u00e1tica, Escuela Superior de Ingenier\u00edas, Universidad de Almer\u00eda, 04120, Almer\u00eda, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52354020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064961023","display_name":"Beatriz G\u00f3mez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7142-9942"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50441567","display_name":"Universitat de les Illes Balears","ror":"https://ror.org/03e10x626","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Beatriz G\u00f3mez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departament de Matem\u00e0tiques i Inform\u00e0tica, Escola Polit\u00e8cnica Superior, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma, Illes Balears Spain","Departament de Matem\u00e0tiques i Inform\u00e0tica, Escola Polit\u00e8cnica Superior, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departament de Matem\u00e0tiques i Inform\u00e0tica, Escola Polit\u00e8cnica Superior, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma, Illes Balears Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departament de Matem\u00e0tiques i Inform\u00e0tica, Escola Polit\u00e8cnica Superior, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038142042","display_name":"Kleona Binjaku","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9019-2481"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193184871","display_name":"Polytechnic University of Tirana","ror":"https://ror.org/05aec4025","country_code":"AL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193184871"]}],"countries":["AL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kleona Binjaku","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departament of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Information Technology, Polytechnic University of Tirana, Tirane, Albania"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departament of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Information Technology, Polytechnic University of Tirana, Tirane, Albania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193184871"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064898804","display_name":"Elinda Kajo Me\u00e7e","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7353-476X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193184871","display_name":"Polytechnic University of Tirana","ror":"https://ror.org/05aec4025","country_code":"AL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193184871"]}],"countries":["AL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elinda Kajo Me\u00e7e","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departament of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Information Technology, Polytechnic University of Tirana, Tirane, Albania"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departament of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Information Technology, Polytechnic University of Tirana, Tirane, Albania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193184871"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064961023","https://openalex.org/A5101982387"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50441567","https://openalex.org/I52354020"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3190},"fwci":30.9527,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":153,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99808412,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"10","first_page":"12351","last_page":"12382"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.17229999601840973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.17229999601840973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13895","display_name":"Educational Leadership and Innovation","score":0.10520000010728836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12408","display_name":"Educational Innovations and Challenges","score":0.08739999681711197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/higher-education","display_name":"Higher education","score":0.6763134598731995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-transformation","display_name":"Digital transformation","score":0.6572054624557495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scope","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","score":0.5610762238502502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maturity","display_name":"Maturity (psychological)","score":0.5530543923377991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capability-maturity-model","display_name":"Capability Maturity Model","score":0.5351971387863159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-planning","display_name":"Strategic planning","score":0.5284290909767151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.5133213400840759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digitization","display_name":"Digitization","score":0.4994535446166992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44602668285369873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competitive-advantage","display_name":"Competitive advantage","score":0.42041274905204773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.3560171127319336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-management","display_name":"Engineering management","score":0.35006481409072876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.33828866481781006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.281427800655365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.20491433143615723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.19174543023109436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.18836626410484314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16622725129127502}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.6763134598731995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126082660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4252370","display_name":"Digital transformation","level":2,"score":0.6572054624557495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5610762238502502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101433766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3543263","display_name":"Maturity (psychological)","level":2,"score":0.5530543923377991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85890633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929673","display_name":"Capability Maturity Model","level":3,"score":0.5351971387863159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48243021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932522","display_name":"Strategic planning","level":2,"score":0.5284290909767151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.5133213400840759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779308522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843958","display_name":"Digitization","level":2,"score":0.4994535446166992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44602668285369873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58546491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1150207","display_name":"Competitive advantage","level":2,"score":0.42041274905204773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.3560171127319336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.35006481409072876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.33828866481781006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.281427800655365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.20491433143615723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.19174543023109436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.18836626410484314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16622725129127502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10639-022-11544-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11544-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10639-022-11544-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166722454","display_name":"Education and Information Technologies","issn_l":"1360-2357","issn":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education and Information Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37361743","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37361743","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education and information technologies","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9995251","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9995251","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9995251/pdf/10639_2022_Article_11544.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Educ Inf Technol (Dordr)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10639-022-11544-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11544-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10639-022-11544-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166722454","display_name":"Education and Information Technologies","issn_l":"1360-2357","issn":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education and Information Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8205719169","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"585578-EPP-1-2017-1-ES-EPPKA2-CBHE-JP","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335551","funder_display_name":"Erasmus+"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331435","display_name":"Universidad de Almer\u00eda","ror":"https://ror.org/003d3xx08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335551","display_name":"Erasmus+","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4323668227.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1574995502","https://openalex.org/W1963716137","https://openalex.org/W2605039644","https://openalex.org/W2735864825","https://openalex.org/W2783246893","https://openalex.org/W2784328015","https://openalex.org/W2791089449","https://openalex.org/W2805294716","https://openalex.org/W2810204486","https://openalex.org/W2904558985","https://openalex.org/W2944785535","https://openalex.org/W2946372703","https://openalex.org/W2952604700","https://openalex.org/W2964117613","https://openalex.org/W2974239392","https://openalex.org/W2996889531","https://openalex.org/W2998764370","https://openalex.org/W3013105181","https://openalex.org/W3035467107","https://openalex.org/W3089938655","https://openalex.org/W3146157593","https://openalex.org/W3163346464","https://openalex.org/W3180989014","https://openalex.org/W4400176531","https://openalex.org/W6607244184","https://openalex.org/W6684456340"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4283172224","https://openalex.org/W2992877076","https://openalex.org/W2563825355","https://openalex.org/W4382725623","https://openalex.org/W2888066950","https://openalex.org/W2889844859","https://openalex.org/W3217511980","https://openalex.org/W2806063704","https://openalex.org/W4384822944","https://openalex.org/W2912268755"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Higher":[0],"Education":[1],"Institutions":[2],"(HEIs)":[3],"are":[4,91,106,148,172,189,213],"involved":[5],"in":[6,138,190,200,216],"an":[7,29,42,110],"evolution":[8],"to":[9,58,74,81,131,194,228],"a":[10,83,115,124,153,203,217,223],"new":[11,24,69],"model":[12,19],"of":[13,50,88,159,182],"university":[14],"called":[15],"<i>digital":[16],"university</i>.":[17],"This":[18],"implies":[20],"not":[21,214,221],"only":[22,198],"adopting":[23],"technologies":[25,72,168],"but":[26],"also":[27],"developing":[28],"organizational":[30],"strategic":[31,225],"transformation":[32,53,61],"which":[33],"includes":[34],"information,":[35],"processes,":[36],"human":[37],"aspects,":[38],"and":[39,71,85,103,135,155,178,206,219],"more.":[40],"Because":[41],"organization's":[43],"digital":[44,52,60,116,195,204],"maturity":[45,196],"correlates":[46],"with":[47,114],"the":[48,68,95,139,145,191,229],"scope":[49],"its":[51],"efforts,":[54],"this":[55],"study":[56],"aims":[57],"identify":[59],"initiatives":[62],"(DTI)":[63],"taken":[64],"by":[65,120],"HEIs,":[66],"defining":[67],"processes":[70],"used":[73,171],"implement":[75],"them.":[76],"The":[77],"main":[78],"motivation":[79],"is":[80],"have":[82,101,202,208,222],"real":[84],"clear":[86],"vision":[87],"how":[89],"universities":[90,165],"transforming":[92],"themselves,":[93],"discovering":[94],"most":[96,169],"relevant":[97],"DTI":[98,146,161,211],"that":[99,144,187,212],"they":[100,105],"applied":[102],"if":[104],"doing":[107],"it":[108],"through":[109],"integrated":[111,215],"plan":[112,218],"aligned":[113],"strategy,":[117],"as":[118,128,197],"recommended":[119],"experts.":[121],"We":[122,185],"conducted":[123],"Multivocal":[125],"Literature":[126],"Review,":[127],"methodology":[129],"research,":[130],"include":[132],"both":[133],"academic":[134],"grey":[136],"literature":[137],"analysis.":[140],"Main":[141],"results":[142],"show":[143],"implemented":[147],"primarily":[149],"focused":[150],"on":[151],"<i>providing":[152],"quality":[154],"competitive":[156],"education</i>":[157],"(24%":[158],"184":[160],"from":[162],"39":[163],"different":[164],"analyzed).":[166],"Emerging":[167],"frequently":[170],"<i>advanced":[173],"analytics</i>":[174],"(23%),":[175],"<i>cloud</i>":[176],"(20%)":[177],"<i>artificial":[179],"intelligence</i>":[180],"(16%":[181],"total":[183],"DTI).":[184],"conclude":[186],"HEIs":[188],"first":[192],"steps":[193],"1":[199],"4":[201],"strategy":[205],"56%":[207],"launched":[209],"isolated":[210],"do":[220],"high":[224],"return":[226],"value":[227],"organization.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":73},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-04-01T17:29:45.350535","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}