{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3179102742","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10651-8","title":"A systematic evaluation of game elements effects on students\u2019 motivation","display_name":"A systematic evaluation of game elements effects on students\u2019 motivation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3179102742","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10651-8","mag":"3179102742"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10639-021-10651-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10651-8","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10639-021-10651-8.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166722454","display_name":"Education and Information Technologies","issn_l":"1360-2357","issn":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education and Information Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10639-021-10651-8.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027538692","display_name":"Rui Leit\u00e3o","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3971-3289"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","display_name":"Loughborough University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vg4w365","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["GB","PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rui Leit\u00e3o","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal","School of Design and Creative Arts, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3971-3289","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Design and Creative Arts, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049219249","display_name":"Martin Maguire","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1297-1667"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","display_name":"Loughborough University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vg4w365","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Maguire","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Design and Creative Arts, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Design and Creative Arts, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068211192","display_name":"Sarah Turner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1246-1528"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","display_name":"Loughborough University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vg4w365","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Turner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Academic Practice, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Academic Practice, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011721694","display_name":"Laura Guimar\u00e3es","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3360-3783"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Guimar\u00e3es","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027538692"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889","https://openalex.org/I182534213"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3190},"fwci":14.9529,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":92,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9939648,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"1","first_page":"1081","last_page":"1103"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10898","display_name":"Environmental Education and Sustainability","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12997","display_name":"Outdoor and Experiential Education","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/goal-theory","display_name":"Goal theory","score":0.654857873916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.648528516292572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/situational-ethics","display_name":"Situational ethics","score":0.6364601254463196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6051609516143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.5907180905342102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-determination-theory","display_name":"Self-determination theory","score":0.5692580938339233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrinsic-motivation","display_name":"Intrinsic motivation","score":0.5488343238830566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.5367459058761597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motivation-to-learn","display_name":"Motivation to learn","score":0.49337854981422424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affect","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","score":0.486814945936203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4286526143550873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-based-learning","display_name":"Game based learning","score":0.4266456067562103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedagogy","display_name":"Pedagogy","score":0.3326069712638855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2158432900905609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.21102434396743774}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206705377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5575184","display_name":"Goal theory","level":2,"score":0.654857873916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.648528516292572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9114305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428317","display_name":"Situational ethics","level":2,"score":0.6364601254463196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6051609516143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.5907180905342102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146854351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1433910","display_name":"Self-determination theory","level":3,"score":0.5692580938339233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985564149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644302","display_name":"Intrinsic motivation","level":2,"score":0.5488343238830566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5367459058761597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018311702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1362435","display_name":"Motivation to learn","level":2,"score":0.49337854981422424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.486814945936203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4286526143550873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982948194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140363","display_name":"Game based learning","level":2,"score":0.4266456067562103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3326069712638855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2158432900905609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.21102434396743774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65414064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484105","display_name":"Autonomy","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10639-021-10651-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10651-8","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10639-021-10651-8.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166722454","display_name":"Education and Information Technologies","issn_l":"1360-2357","issn":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education and Information Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/15090873","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/A_systematic_evaluation_of_game_elements_effects_on_students_motivation/15090873","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10639-021-10651-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10651-8","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10639-021-10651-8.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166722454","display_name":"Education and Information Technologies","issn_l":"1360-2357","issn":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education and Information Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G163065206","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AH/L503770/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334609","funder_display_name":"Arts and Humanities Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2261371540","display_name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research","funder_award_id":"UIDP/04423/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2483172724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UIDB/04423/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335198","funder_display_name":"EEA Grants"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3899863928","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UIDB/04423/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329612","funder_display_name":"Centro Interdisciplinar de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Marinha e Ambiental"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4541367665","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UIDB/04423/2020 and UIDP/04423/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4840691194","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UIDB/04423","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329612","funder_display_name":"Centro Interdisciplinar de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Marinha e Ambiental"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5252448892","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UIDP/04423/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335198","funder_display_name":"EEA Grants"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6253064164","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UIDP/04423","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329612","funder_display_name":"Centro Interdisciplinar de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Marinha e Ambiental"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6918755010","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UIDP/04423/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329612","funder_display_name":"Centro Interdisciplinar de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Marinha e Ambiental"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7552417000","display_name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research","funder_award_id":"UIDB/04423/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329612","display_name":"Centro Interdisciplinar de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Marinha e Ambiental","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334609","display_name":"Arts and Humanities Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0505m1554"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","ror":"https://ror.org/00snfqn58"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335198","display_name":"EEA Grants","ror":"https://ror.org/02dfxg175"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3179102742.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3179102742.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":84,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W10512124","https://openalex.org/W41757025","https://openalex.org/W48268975","https://openalex.org/W71908533","https://openalex.org/W101148737","https://openalex.org/W157536760","https://openalex.org/W290055630","https://openalex.org/W330643373","https://openalex.org/W988853315","https://openalex.org/W1539609515","https://openalex.org/W1633674991","https://openalex.org/W1741765804","https://openalex.org/W1983232861","https://openalex.org/W1998933811","https://openalex.org/W2007851141","https://openalex.org/W2013107345","https://openalex.org/W2023062420","https://openalex.org/W2025263128","https://openalex.org/W2037621702","https://openalex.org/W2041220996","https://openalex.org/W2049080106","https://openalex.org/W2052199098","https://openalex.org/W2052729098","https://openalex.org/W2078997954","https://openalex.org/W2083289268","https://openalex.org/W2100181708","https://openalex.org/W2105955441","https://openalex.org/W2108304591","https://openalex.org/W2109236478","https://openalex.org/W2122581859","https://openalex.org/W2125071906","https://openalex.org/W2129343065","https://openalex.org/W2132576251","https://openalex.org/W2136166455","https://openalex.org/W2141846678","https://openalex.org/W2147489905","https://openalex.org/W2154282647","https://openalex.org/W2154356785","https://openalex.org/W2160512240","https://openalex.org/W2161373747","https://openalex.org/W2169828024","https://openalex.org/W2170899200","https://openalex.org/W2172491128","https://openalex.org/W2237209076","https://openalex.org/W2259973392","https://openalex.org/W2323735780","https://openalex.org/W2419489861","https://openalex.org/W2479485957","https://openalex.org/W2544264477","https://openalex.org/W2559991344","https://openalex.org/W2566152916","https://openalex.org/W2586490799","https://openalex.org/W2590009086","https://openalex.org/W2609435392","https://openalex.org/W2615188953","https://openalex.org/W2765774198","https://openalex.org/W2767770869","https://openalex.org/W2793122602","https://openalex.org/W2793782619","https://openalex.org/W2796407591","https://openalex.org/W2886184003","https://openalex.org/W2896798844","https://openalex.org/W2898847837","https://openalex.org/W2900666429","https://openalex.org/W2926307131","https://openalex.org/W2954693665","https://openalex.org/W2960575521","https://openalex.org/W2963613890","https://openalex.org/W2964159426","https://openalex.org/W2965879412","https://openalex.org/W2976293674","https://openalex.org/W3011478803","https://openalex.org/W3019273456","https://openalex.org/W3021869798","https://openalex.org/W3022864672","https://openalex.org/W3043434194","https://openalex.org/W3123811346","https://openalex.org/W4232177173","https://openalex.org/W4242883546","https://openalex.org/W4244377197","https://openalex.org/W4244635956","https://openalex.org/W4254484144","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300009529"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2904258293","https://openalex.org/W43009671","https://openalex.org/W4311889477","https://openalex.org/W1989697356","https://openalex.org/W4387616135","https://openalex.org/W1904225327","https://openalex.org/W4309611553","https://openalex.org/W2958826775","https://openalex.org/W2067872497","https://openalex.org/W2258425456"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Motivation":[1,68],"theory":[2],"is":[3,20,48,66],"indispensable":[4],"when":[5],"discussing":[6],"processes":[7],"of":[8,23,73,95,101,108,134,179,188,199],"learning.":[9],"Learners":[10],"who":[11],"are":[12,71],"motivated":[13],"can":[14],"learn":[15],"almost":[16],"everything.":[17],"Students\u2019":[18],"motivation":[19,94,125,137,159],"probably":[21],"one":[22,195],"the":[24,35,54,57,74,88,93,98,123,136,170,177,184],"most":[25,75,185],"important":[26],"factors":[27],"for":[28,32],"teacher":[29],"effectiveness":[30],"both":[31],"engagement":[33,70],"in":[34,79,97,132,163,167],"learning":[36,99],"process":[37],"and":[38,63,69,127,152,169],"high":[39],"academic":[40],"performance.":[41],"To":[42,146],"have":[43,87,204],"effective":[44],"environmental":[45],"education,":[46],"it":[47],"not":[49],"only":[50],"necessary":[51,89],"to":[52,61,86,91,113,129,138,203,206],"inform":[53],"public":[55],"about":[56],"ocean":[58],"but":[59],"also":[60],"involve":[62],"engage":[64],"them":[65,131],"essential.":[67],"some":[72],"commonly":[76],"mentioned":[77],"concepts":[78],"gamification,":[80],"thus,":[81],"a":[82,116,150,153,156,164,174],"gamified":[83],"application":[84],"seems":[85],"features":[90],"improve":[92],"students":[96,143],"context":[100],"Ocean":[102],"Literacy":[103],"topics.":[104],"The":[105,190],"main":[106],"aims":[107],"this":[109],"work":[110],"were:":[111],"i)":[112],"understand":[114],"through":[115],"systematic":[117],"evaluation,":[118],"how":[119],"game":[120,180,192],"elements":[121,181],"affect":[122],"different":[124,191,197],"layers;":[126],"ii)":[128],"compare":[130],"terms":[133],"enhancing":[135],"recycle":[139],"among":[140],"secondary":[141],"school":[142],"(11-14":[144],"years).":[145],"measure":[147],"students\u2019":[148],"motivation,":[149],"pre-test":[151],"post-test":[154],"using":[155],"recycling":[157],"situational":[158],"survey":[160],"were":[161,201],"administered":[162],"classroom":[165],"environment":[166],"Portugal":[168],"UK.":[171],"Findings":[172],"show":[173],"trend":[175],"regarding":[176],"effect":[178],"mainly":[182],"on":[183],"autonomous":[186],"forms":[187],"motivation.":[189,208],"elements,":[193],"each":[194],"with":[196],"degrees":[198],"effects,":[200],"shown":[202],"potential":[205],"increase":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-16T07:32:37.131356","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}