{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4223538986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10618-022-00828-1","title":"Using p-values for the comparison of classifiers: pitfalls and alternatives","display_name":"Using p-values for the comparison of classifiers: pitfalls and alternatives","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4223538986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10618-022-00828-1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10618-022-00828-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10618-022-00828-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121920818","display_name":"Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery","issn_l":"1384-5810","issn":["1384-5810","1573-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091132218","display_name":"Daniel Berrar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7038-2601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","display_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0112mx960","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Berrar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Science Laboratory, Department of Information and Communications Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7038-2601","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Science Laboratory, Department of Information and Communications Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091132218"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2192,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88429665,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"3","first_page":"1102","last_page":"1139"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11871","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Methods and Models","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10136","display_name":"Statistical Methods and Inference","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/null-hypothesis","display_name":"Null hypothesis","score":0.765662670135498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.7122063636779785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wilcoxon-signed-rank-test","display_name":"Wilcoxon signed-rank test","score":0.7071574926376343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-hypothesis-testing","display_name":"Statistical hypothesis testing","score":0.6843580007553101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/null","display_name":"Null (SQL)","score":0.5959503054618835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.5477041006088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5370185971260071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rank","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","score":0.5350345969200134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4891820251941681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.4851289689540863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alternative-hypothesis","display_name":"Alternative hypothesis","score":0.4589056372642517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/p-value","display_name":"p-value","score":0.44622015953063965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4356323480606079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4230687916278839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-significance","display_name":"Statistical significance","score":0.4221009612083435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.3690270185470581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.24117511510849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mann\u2013whitney-u-test","display_name":"Mann\u2013Whitney U test","score":0.10471338033676147}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191988596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628374","display_name":"Null hypothesis","level":2,"score":0.765662670135498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.7122063636779785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206041023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751970","display_name":"Wilcoxon signed-rank test","level":3,"score":0.7071574926376343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87007009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210832","display_name":"Statistical hypothesis testing","level":2,"score":0.6843580007553101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203763787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371029","display_name":"Null (SQL)","level":2,"score":0.5959503054618835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5477041006088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5370185971260071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164226766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293202","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.5350345969200134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4891820251941681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.4851289689540863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120577422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843558","display_name":"Alternative hypothesis","level":3,"score":0.4589056372642517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44036329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q253255","display_name":"p-value","level":3,"score":0.44622015953063965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4356323480606079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4230687916278839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65409693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Statistical significance","level":2,"score":0.4221009612083435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.3690270185470581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.24117511510849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12868164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424533","display_name":"Mann\u2013Whitney U test","level":2,"score":0.10471338033676147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10618-022-00828-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10618-022-00828-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121920818","display_name":"Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery","issn_l":"1384-5810","issn":["1384-5810","1573-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oro.open.ac.uk:96527","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://oro.open.ac.uk/96527/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401187","display_name":"Open Research Online (The Open University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I204136569","host_organization_name":"The Open University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":81,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506609358","https://openalex.org/W1913875882","https://openalex.org/W1948497384","https://openalex.org/W1963603753","https://openalex.org/W1965436337","https://openalex.org/W1977234485","https://openalex.org/W1981663026","https://openalex.org/W1984486655","https://openalex.org/W1987205443","https://openalex.org/W1992628984","https://openalex.org/W2000950277","https://openalex.org/W2006731455","https://openalex.org/W2014583432","https://openalex.org/W2015688842","https://openalex.org/W2017146523","https://openalex.org/W2018742491","https://openalex.org/W2024105897","https://openalex.org/W2027873737","https://openalex.org/W2029409133","https://openalex.org/W2030360178","https://openalex.org/W2034223735","https://openalex.org/W2035126508","https://openalex.org/W2035638845","https://openalex.org/W2057328179","https://openalex.org/W2060512257","https://openalex.org/W2062381998","https://openalex.org/W2064604759","https://openalex.org/W2072164576","https://openalex.org/W2073997076","https://openalex.org/W2079297380","https://openalex.org/W2084413241","https://openalex.org/W2086337008","https://openalex.org/W2086600609","https://openalex.org/W2095720871","https://openalex.org/W2100320591","https://openalex.org/W2100483895","https://openalex.org/W2107932039","https://openalex.org/W2112223757","https://openalex.org/W2112865076","https://openalex.org/W2120199131","https://openalex.org/W2126997237","https://openalex.org/W2131046448","https://openalex.org/W2136634361","https://openalex.org/W2152938409","https://openalex.org/W2167277498","https://openalex.org/W2172749604","https://openalex.org/W2254057084","https://openalex.org/W2293040502","https://openalex.org/W2338184685","https://openalex.org/W2408017125","https://openalex.org/W2475097716","https://openalex.org/W2565044128","https://openalex.org/W2607232342","https://openalex.org/W2610297457","https://openalex.org/W2616217865","https://openalex.org/W2736848882","https://openalex.org/W2758081422","https://openalex.org/W2760305127","https://openalex.org/W2766562744","https://openalex.org/W2779812635","https://openalex.org/W2801776818","https://openalex.org/W2887303310","https://openalex.org/W2922853138","https://openalex.org/W2923323049","https://openalex.org/W2923880570","https://openalex.org/W2952752960","https://openalex.org/W2953582817","https://openalex.org/W2988244882","https://openalex.org/W3008773008","https://openalex.org/W3044177754","https://openalex.org/W3104621635","https://openalex.org/W3124008874","https://openalex.org/W3128523699","https://openalex.org/W3162584293","https://openalex.org/W4211177544","https://openalex.org/W4240809722","https://openalex.org/W4241727697","https://openalex.org/W4245055982","https://openalex.org/W4252684946","https://openalex.org/W4385628968","https://openalex.org/W6693652349"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1986870412","https://openalex.org/W2485444738","https://openalex.org/W1962532029","https://openalex.org/W4387775874","https://openalex.org/W2285660206","https://openalex.org/W3198936866","https://openalex.org/W3003558595","https://openalex.org/W1826709224","https://openalex.org/W4304194989","https://openalex.org/W2498655392"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}