{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3207219723","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10590-021-09260-6","title":"Recent advances in Apertium, a free/open-source rule-based machine translation platform for low-resource languages","display_name":"Recent advances in Apertium, a free/open-source rule-based machine translation platform for low-resource languages","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3207219723","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10590-021-09260-6","mag":"3207219723"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10590-021-09260-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10590-021-09260-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10590-021-09260-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95210917","display_name":"Machine Translation","issn_l":"0922-6567","issn":["0922-6567","1573-0573"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Translation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10590-021-09260-6.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003257268","display_name":"Tanmai Khanna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1284-4836"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65181880","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/01j4v3x97","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tanmai Khanna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Language Technologies Research Centre, IIIT Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500032, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1284-4836","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Language Technologies Research Centre, IIIT Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500032, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009370219","display_name":"Jonathan North Washington","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1452-8204"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118020396","display_name":"Swarthmore College","ror":"https://ror.org/012dg8a96","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118020396"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan N. Washington","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA, 19081, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1452-8204","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA, 19081, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118020396"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076604380","display_name":"Francis M. Tyers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6108-2220"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118501908","display_name":"National Research University Higher School of Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/055f7t516","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118501908"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["RU","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francis M. Tyers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47401, USA","School of Linguistics, Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6108-2220","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47401, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Linguistics, Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118501908"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056663175","display_name":"Sevilay Bayatl\u0131","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5873-7270"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8666313","display_name":"Beykent University","ror":"https://ror.org/03dcvf827","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8666313"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sevilay Bayatl\u0131","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beykent \u00dcniversitesi, \u0130stanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5873-7270","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beykent \u00dcniversitesi, \u0130stanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8666313"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006338200","display_name":"Daniel G. Swanson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9847-8111"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118020396","display_name":"Swarthmore College","ror":"https://ror.org/012dg8a96","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118020396"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel G. Swanson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA, 19081, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9847-8111","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA, 19081, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118020396"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081540257","display_name":"Tommi A. Pirinen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1207-5395"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78037679","display_name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","ror":"https://ror.org/00wge5k78","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78037679"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tommi A. Pirinen","raw_affiliation_strings":["UiT\u2014Norgga \u00e1rktala\u0161 universitehta, 9000, Troms\u00f6, Norway"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1207-5395","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UiT\u2014Norgga \u00e1rktala\u0161 universitehta, 9000, Troms\u00f6, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78037679"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004103668","display_name":"Irene Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6585-5902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irene Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6585-5902","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023002844","display_name":"H\u00e8ctor Al\u00f2s i Font","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4555-5742"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71999127","display_name":"Universitat de Barcelona","ror":"https://ror.org/021018s57","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71999127"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H\u00e8ctor Al\u00f2s i Font","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre de Recerca en Socioling\u00fc\u00edstica i Comunicaci\u00f3, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4555-5742","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre de Recerca en Socioling\u00fc\u00edstica i Comunicaci\u00f3, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71999127"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":6,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003257268"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2179,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93225008,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"4","first_page":"475","last_page":"502"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.869879961013794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.8234646916389465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.6965141892433167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.6137937307357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Transfer-based machine translation","score":0.5894945859909058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5867143273353577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.524362325668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5231634378433228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-assisted-translation","display_name":"Computer-assisted translation","score":0.5194129943847656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4881952404975891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.4618581235408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation-software-usability","display_name":"Machine translation software usability","score":0.44140374660491943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.43819254636764526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/example-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Example-based machine translation","score":0.42410731315612793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-source","display_name":"Open source","score":0.4223296642303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.4174948036670685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.1486724615097046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.10756474733352661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.869879961013794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.8234646916389465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.6965141892433167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.6137937307357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130597682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6961922","display_name":"Transfer-based machine translation","level":4,"score":0.5894945859909058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5867143273353577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.524362325668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5231634378433228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110046852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q468495","display_name":"Computer-assisted translation","level":3,"score":0.5194129943847656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4881952404975891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.4618581235408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148526163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6723733","display_name":"Machine translation software usability","level":4,"score":0.44140374660491943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.43819254636764526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24687705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3753284","display_name":"Example-based machine translation","level":3,"score":0.42410731315612793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018397939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3644502","display_name":"Open source","level":3,"score":0.4223296642303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.4174948036670685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.1486724615097046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.10756474733352661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10590-021-09260-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10590-021-09260-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10590-021-09260-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95210917","display_name":"Machine Translation","issn_l":"0922-6567","issn":["0922-6567","1573-0573"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Translation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/22990","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10037/22990","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400066","display_name":"Munin Open Research Archive (The Arctic University of Norway)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I78037679","host_organization_name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78037679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10590-021-09260-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10590-021-09260-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10590-021-09260-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95210917","display_name":"Machine Translation","issn_l":"0922-6567","issn":["0922-6567","1573-0573"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Translation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309327","display_name":"Google","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309626","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313676","display_name":"Swarthmore College","ror":"https://ror.org/012dg8a96"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3207219723.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3207219723.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W889255113","https://openalex.org/W1527398610","https://openalex.org/W1531892924","https://openalex.org/W1559710535","https://openalex.org/W1657765689","https://openalex.org/W1964045210","https://openalex.org/W1981372412","https://openalex.org/W2046224275","https://openalex.org/W2095487819","https://openalex.org/W2096965012","https://openalex.org/W2099269135","https://openalex.org/W2116687976","https://openalex.org/W2116983617","https://openalex.org/W2122610674","https://openalex.org/W2126807068","https://openalex.org/W2127071136","https://openalex.org/W2147218300","https://openalex.org/W2153852017","https://openalex.org/W2187826674","https://openalex.org/W2250781619","https://openalex.org/W2251089395","https://openalex.org/W2252149498","https://openalex.org/W2513312051","https://openalex.org/W2596524575","https://openalex.org/W2623187871","https://openalex.org/W2664496537","https://openalex.org/W2760761229","https://openalex.org/W2783652520","https://openalex.org/W2805796912","https://openalex.org/W2805988194","https://openalex.org/W2811112623","https://openalex.org/W2885310162","https://openalex.org/W2982336461","https://openalex.org/W3015847031","https://openalex.org/W3089287611","https://openalex.org/W3090403020","https://openalex.org/W3104814516"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3204448004","https://openalex.org/W193726211","https://openalex.org/W2010336863","https://openalex.org/W2566847733","https://openalex.org/W2027317339","https://openalex.org/W2587602790","https://openalex.org/W2122287718","https://openalex.org/W3939803","https://openalex.org/W1559710535","https://openalex.org/W3036784334"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1,107],"paper":[2,124,160],"presents":[3,161],"an":[4],"overview":[5],"of":[6,23,91,137,163],"Apertium,":[7],"a":[8,21,53,67,78,128,134,172],"free":[9],"and":[10,26,73,77,100,114,166,198],"open-source":[11],"rule-based":[12],"machine":[13],"translation":[14,156],"platform.":[15],"Translation":[16],"in":[17],"Apertium":[18,92,131,178],"happens":[19],"through":[20,93],"pipeline":[22],"modular":[24],"tools,":[25],"the":[27,45,63,89,98,159,164],"platform":[28,129],"continues":[29],"to":[30,58,83,139,183],"be":[31,133,148],"improved":[32],"as":[33,185,187],"more":[34],"language":[35,140,168,188,194],"pairs":[36],"are":[37],"added.":[38],"Several":[39],"advances":[40],"have":[41],"been":[42],"implemented":[43],"since":[44],"last":[46],"publication,":[47],"including":[48,193],"some":[49,162,176],"new":[50],"optional":[51],"modules:":[52],"module":[54,68,79],"that":[55,69,80,96,103,118,180],"allows":[56],"rules":[57],"process":[59],"recursive":[60],"structures":[61],"at":[62,175,200],"structural":[64,112],"transfer":[65],"stage,":[66],"deals":[70],"with":[71,171],"contiguous":[72],"discontiguous":[74],"multi-word":[75],"expressions,":[76],"resolves":[81],"anaphora":[82],"aid":[84],"translation.":[85],"Also":[86],"highlighted":[87],"is":[88,196],"hybridisation":[90],"statistical":[94,101],"modules":[95,117],"augment":[97,104],"pipeline,":[99],"methods":[102],"existing":[105],"modules.":[106],"includes":[108],"morphological":[109],"disambiguation,":[110],"weighted":[111],"transfer,":[113],"lexical":[115],"selection":[116],"learn":[119],"from":[120],"limited":[121],"data.":[122],"The":[123],"also":[125],"discusses":[126],"how":[127],"like":[130],"can":[132],"critical":[135],"part":[136],"access":[138],"technology":[141],"for":[142],"so-called":[143],"low-resource":[144],"languages,":[145],"which":[146],"might":[147],"ignored":[149],"or":[150],"deemed":[151],"unapproachable":[152],"by":[153],"popular":[154],"corpus-based":[155],"technologies.":[157],"Finally,":[158],"released":[165],"unreleased":[167],"pairs,":[169],"concluding":[170],"brief":[173],"look":[174],"supplementary":[177],"tools":[179],"prove":[181],"valuable":[182],"users":[184],"well":[186],"developers.":[189],"All":[190],"Apertium-related":[191],"code,":[192],"data,":[195],"free/open-source":[197],"available":[199],"https://github.com/apertium":[201],".":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}