{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2034639451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10590-011-9111-z","title":"Soft syntactic constraints for Arabic\u2013English hierarchical phrase-based translation","display_name":"Soft syntactic constraints for Arabic\u2013English hierarchical phrase-based translation","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-10-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2034639451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10590-011-9111-z","mag":"2034639451"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10590-011-9111-z","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10590-011-9111-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95210917","display_name":"Machine Translation","issn_l":"0922-6567","issn":["0922-6567","1573-0573"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Translation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048736402","display_name":"Yuval Marton","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuval Marton","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 1101 Kitchawan Road / Route 134, Yorktown Heights, NY, 10598, USA","IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, USA 10598#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 1101 Kitchawan Road / Route 134, Yorktown Heights, NY, 10598, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, USA 10598#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036026526","display_name":"David Chiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0435-4864"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801204180","display_name":"Marina Del Rey Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05wqyfz02","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801204180"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Chiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["USC Information Sciences Institute (ISI), 4676 Admiralty Way, Suite 1001, Marina del Rey, CA, 90292, USA","USC Information Sciences Institute (ISI), Marina del Rey, USA 90292"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USC Information Sciences Institute (ISI), 4676 Admiralty Way, Suite 1001, Marina del Rey, CA, 90292, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801204180"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"USC Information Sciences Institute (ISI), Marina del Rey, USA 90292","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059946729","display_name":"Philip Resnik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6130-8602"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1344076864","display_name":"Center for Applied Linguistics","ror":"https://ror.org/020pekv35","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1344076864"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philip Resnik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Linguistics and the Laboratory for Computational Linguistics and Information Processing (CLIP) at the Institute for Advanced Computer Studies (UMIACS), University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742-7505, USA","Department of Linguistics and the Laboratory for Computational Linguistics and Information Processing (CLIP) at the Institute for Advanced Computer Studies (UMIACS), University of Maryland, Colleg ...#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Linguistics and the Laboratory for Computational Linguistics and Information Processing (CLIP) at the Institute for Advanced Computer Studies (UMIACS), University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742-7505, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1344076864","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Linguistics and the Laboratory for Computational Linguistics and Information Processing (CLIP) at the Institute for Advanced Computer Studies (UMIACS), University of Maryland, Colleg ...#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048736402"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2186,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89014807,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"1-2","first_page":"137","last_page":"157"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9631999731063843,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8743472099304199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.7146128416061401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6450845003128052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6393425464630127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/example-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Example-based machine translation","score":0.5965611934661865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation-software-usability","display_name":"Machine translation software usability","score":0.5865073204040527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntax","display_name":"Syntax","score":0.5747708082199097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5150877833366394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parsing","display_name":"Parsing","score":0.5108384490013123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronous-context-free-grammar","display_name":"Synchronous context-free grammar","score":0.4993133544921875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phrase","display_name":"Phrase","score":0.4928867816925049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.491328626871109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.4431939423084259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Transfer-based machine translation","score":0.42332953214645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","score":0.41807055473327637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.21252650022506714}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8743472099304199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.7146128416061401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6450845003128052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6393425464630127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24687705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3753284","display_name":"Example-based machine translation","level":3,"score":0.5965611934661865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148526163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6723733","display_name":"Machine translation software usability","level":4,"score":0.5865073204040527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437","display_name":"Syntax","level":2,"score":0.5747708082199097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5150877833366394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.5108384490013123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51802942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7662211","display_name":"Synchronous context-free grammar","level":4,"score":0.4993133544921875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776224158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187931","display_name":"Phrase","level":2,"score":0.4928867816925049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.491328626871109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.4431939423084259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130597682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6961922","display_name":"Transfer-based machine translation","level":4,"score":0.42332953214645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53893814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7378909","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","level":2,"score":0.41807055473327637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.21252650022506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10590-011-9111-z","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10590-011-9111-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95210917","display_name":"Machine Translation","issn_l":"0922-6567","issn":["0922-6567","1573-0573"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Translation","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W42258837","https://openalex.org/W54534146","https://openalex.org/W76590478","https://openalex.org/W91928571","https://openalex.org/W222053410","https://openalex.org/W1494331308","https://openalex.org/W1631260214","https://openalex.org/W1916559533","https://openalex.org/W1973923101","https://openalex.org/W2001810881","https://openalex.org/W2006969979","https://openalex.org/W2032175749","https://openalex.org/W2041535764","https://openalex.org/W2048978997","https://openalex.org/W2097333193","https://openalex.org/W2097606805","https://openalex.org/W2100281225","https://openalex.org/W2101190066","https://openalex.org/W2106068492","https://openalex.org/W2107564089","https://openalex.org/W2110104386","https://openalex.org/W2111142112","https://openalex.org/W2113541941","https://openalex.org/W2113788796","https://openalex.org/W2114060876","https://openalex.org/W2114507260","https://openalex.org/W2115289978","https://openalex.org/W2121338597","https://openalex.org/W2121380975","https://openalex.org/W2122974883","https://openalex.org/W2124807415","https://openalex.org/W2130903547","https://openalex.org/W2132622673","https://openalex.org/W2132891320","https://openalex.org/W2140343992","https://openalex.org/W2142632103","https://openalex.org/W2143008661","https://openalex.org/W2144002870","https://openalex.org/W2144279206","https://openalex.org/W2146574666","https://openalex.org/W2152263452","https://openalex.org/W2153653739","https://openalex.org/W2153800732","https://openalex.org/W2158195707","https://openalex.org/W2158388102","https://openalex.org/W2160382364","https://openalex.org/W2165666205","https://openalex.org/W2166781037","https://openalex.org/W2167072947","https://openalex.org/W2168966090","https://openalex.org/W2280403519","https://openalex.org/W2437005631","https://openalex.org/W2611726225","https://openalex.org/W2618735189","https://openalex.org/W2752697620","https://openalex.org/W2759516199","https://openalex.org/W2792202972","https://openalex.org/W2998215494","https://openalex.org/W3211848854","https://openalex.org/W3212558929","https://openalex.org/W4241645538","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2566847733","https://openalex.org/W3204448004","https://openalex.org/W3036784334","https://openalex.org/W2010336863","https://openalex.org/W2122287718","https://openalex.org/W193726211","https://openalex.org/W2166769824","https://openalex.org/W1559710535","https://openalex.org/W1504625892","https://openalex.org/W318813979"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}