{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1969407072","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10590-011-9105-x","title":"Evaluation of 2-way Iraqi Arabic\u2013English speech translation systems using automated metrics","display_name":"Evaluation of 2-way Iraqi Arabic\u2013English speech translation systems using automated metrics","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-09-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1969407072","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10590-011-9105-x","mag":"1969407072"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10590-011-9105-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10590-011-9105-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95210917","display_name":"Machine Translation","issn_l":"0922-6567","issn":["0922-6567","1573-0573"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Translation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028464734","display_name":"Sherri Condon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44896327","display_name":"Mitre (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ks2a131","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sherri Condon","raw_affiliation_strings":["The MITRE Corporation, McLean, VA, USA","The MITRE Corporation McLean,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corporation, McLean, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corporation McLean,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077097167","display_name":"Mark Arehart","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44896327","display_name":"Mitre (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ks2a131","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Arehart","raw_affiliation_strings":["The MITRE Corporation, McLean, VA, USA","The MITRE Corporation McLean,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corporation, McLean, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corporation McLean,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089919203","display_name":"Dan Parvaz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44896327","display_name":"Mitre (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ks2a131","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Parvaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["The MITRE Corporation, Orlando, FL, USA","The MITRE Corporation, Orlando, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corporation, Orlando, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corporation, Orlando, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108463306","display_name":"G.W. Sanders","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregory Sanders","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA","National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110384659","display_name":"Christy Doran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44896327","display_name":"Mitre (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ks2a131","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christy Doran","raw_affiliation_strings":["The MITRE Corporation, Bedford, MA, USA","The MITRE Corporation Bedford, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corporation, Bedford, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corporation Bedford, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015172675","display_name":"John Aberdeen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0112-1037"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44896327","display_name":"Mitre (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ks2a131","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Aberdeen","raw_affiliation_strings":["The MITRE Corporation, Bedford, MA, USA","The MITRE Corporation Bedford, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corporation, Bedford, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corporation Bedford, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028464734"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7585,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86374646,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"1-2","first_page":"159","last_page":"176"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7448588609695435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabic","display_name":"Arabic","score":0.7378619313240051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-translation","display_name":"Speech translation","score":0.7304966449737549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6908037662506104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.6421955823898315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-linguistics","display_name":"Computational linguistics","score":0.6372033953666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5959284901618958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.5600296854972839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4139673113822937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.2890987992286682}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7448588609695435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.7378619313240051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780366754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7494857","display_name":"Speech translation","level":3,"score":0.7304966449737549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6908037662506104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.6421955823898315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155092808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182557","display_name":"Computational linguistics","level":2,"score":0.6372033953666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5959284901618958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.5600296854972839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4139673113822937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.2890987992286682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10590-011-9105-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10590-011-9105-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95210917","display_name":"Machine Translation","issn_l":"0922-6567","issn":["0922-6567","1573-0573"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Translation","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W30790492","https://openalex.org/W63733644","https://openalex.org/W151875173","https://openalex.org/W201141796","https://openalex.org/W1489409710","https://openalex.org/W1489525520","https://openalex.org/W1531333438","https://openalex.org/W1550053614","https://openalex.org/W1588719663","https://openalex.org/W1999777333","https://openalex.org/W2060833990","https://openalex.org/W2100976324","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2123301721","https://openalex.org/W2134298462","https://openalex.org/W2135161317","https://openalex.org/W2149327368","https://openalex.org/W2322584079","https://openalex.org/W2552556052","https://openalex.org/W2917362697","https://openalex.org/W3198653489"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3011059803","https://openalex.org/W4249048193","https://openalex.org/W4301342010","https://openalex.org/W158465921","https://openalex.org/W3000360420","https://openalex.org/W1931440630","https://openalex.org/W3151736118","https://openalex.org/W4362495644","https://openalex.org/W2261315194","https://openalex.org/W2883671469"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-05T09:01:59.212387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
