{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406882309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10515-024-00485-2","title":"BadCodePrompt: backdoor attacks against prompt engineering of large language models for code generation","display_name":"BadCodePrompt: backdoor attacks against prompt engineering of large language models for code generation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406882309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10515-024-00485-2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10515-024-00485-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10515-024-00485-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177399","display_name":"Automated Software Engineering","issn_l":"0928-8910","issn":["0928-8910","1573-7535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Automated Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039828208","display_name":"Yubin Qu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5222-4020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199305430","display_name":"Nantong University","ror":"https://ror.org/02afcvw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yubin Qu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Command and Control Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, 210001, China","School of Information Engineering, Jiangsu College of Engineering and Technology, Nantong, 226001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Command and Control Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, 210001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Jiangsu College of Engineering and Technology, Nantong, 226001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076283897","display_name":"Song Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-9390"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Song Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Command and Control Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, 210001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Command and Control Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, 210001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103136388","display_name":"Yanzhou Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7771-3912"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanzhou Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054290784","display_name":"Tongtong Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0641-712X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tongtong Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Command and Control Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, 210001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Command and Control Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, 210001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100441911","display_name":"Xiang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1180-3891"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199305430","display_name":"Nantong University","ror":"https://ror.org/02afcvw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019841065","display_name":"Xingya Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7331-4831"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134687103","display_name":"Nanjing Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/03sd35x91","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134687103"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingya Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Command and Control Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, 210001, China","College of Computer and Information Engineering (College of Artificial Intelligence), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Command and Control Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, 210001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Information Engineering (College of Artificial Intelligence), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134687103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100408780","display_name":"Long Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7693-9722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5343935","display_name":"Guilin University of Electronic Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05arjae42","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5343935"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Long Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangxi Key Laboratory of Trusted Software, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Trusted Software, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5343935"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008794268","display_name":"Yongming Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4532-1580"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongming Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Command and Control Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, 210001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Command and Control Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, 210001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076283897"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.7519,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98951512,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backdoor","display_name":"Backdoor","score":0.9827553033828735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.6182504892349243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5966833233833313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.46303591132164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.3202337622642517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2261723279953003}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781045450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254569","display_name":"Backdoor","level":2,"score":0.9827553033828735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.6182504892349243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5966833233833313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.46303591132164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3202337622642517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2261723279953003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10515-024-00485-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10515-024-00485-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177399","display_name":"Automated Software Engineering","issn_l":"0928-8910","issn":["0928-8910","1573-7535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Automated Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/206969","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/206969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W569478347","https://openalex.org/W1981276685","https://openalex.org/W2320204756","https://openalex.org/W2753783305","https://openalex.org/W3007264885","https://openalex.org/W3034414373","https://openalex.org/W3087231533","https://openalex.org/W3103934057","https://openalex.org/W3122241445","https://openalex.org/W3175982906","https://openalex.org/W3176270593","https://openalex.org/W3177813494","https://openalex.org/W3204619801","https://openalex.org/W3212327494","https://openalex.org/W4224903411","https://openalex.org/W4311887664","https://openalex.org/W4312233756","https://openalex.org/W4385562549","https://openalex.org/W4385567149","https://openalex.org/W4385570329","https://openalex.org/W4385570691","https://openalex.org/W4385570732","https://openalex.org/W4385572953","https://openalex.org/W4385679845","https://openalex.org/W4389519269","https://openalex.org/W4391021666","https://openalex.org/W4398757423","https://openalex.org/W4399047713","https://openalex.org/W4399601909","https://openalex.org/W4401042878","https://openalex.org/W4402671013","https://openalex.org/W6600076646","https://openalex.org/W6600234944","https://openalex.org/W6602430550","https://openalex.org/W6603944243"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4320031223","https://openalex.org/W4200629851","https://openalex.org/W4281902577","https://openalex.org/W4309417370","https://openalex.org/W4292107232","https://openalex.org/W3009072493","https://openalex.org/W4386080799"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T06:13:01.061226","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
