{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385248679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-023-04740-z","title":"Recursive least squares method for training and pruning convolutional neural networks","display_name":"Recursive least squares method for training and pruning convolutional neural networks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385248679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-023-04740-z"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10489-023-04740-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-023-04740-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10489-023-04740-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74726891","display_name":"Applied Intelligence","issn_l":"0924-669X","issn":["0924-669X","1573-7497"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10489-023-04740-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110840704","display_name":"Tianzong Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20942203","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianzong Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University, Renmin Street, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University, Renmin Street, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100710937","display_name":"Chunyuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2785-0510"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20942203","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chunyuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University, Renmin Street, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2785-0510","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University, Renmin Street, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100762316","display_name":"Meng Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1963-2513"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20942203","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University, Renmin Street, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University, Renmin Street, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100344858","display_name":"Yuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5215-0487"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20942203","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University, Renmin Street, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University, Renmin Street, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100710937"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"fwci":0.1952,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.4320511,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"20","first_page":"24603","last_page":"24618"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8423534631729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pruning","display_name":"Pruning","score":0.7840901613235474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6895665526390076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mnist-database","display_name":"MNIST database","score":0.6045368313789368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5261777639389038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.4526798129081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.4272415339946747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.40401387214660645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.39135369658470154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.35566475987434387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11675229668617249}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8423534631729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108010975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500094","display_name":"Pruning","level":2,"score":0.7840901613235474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6895665526390076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190502265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17069496","display_name":"MNIST database","level":3,"score":0.6045368313789368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5261777639389038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4526798129081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4272415339946747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40401387214660645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.39135369658470154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.35566475987434387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11675229668617249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10489-023-04740-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-023-04740-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10489-023-04740-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74726891","display_name":"Applied Intelligence","issn_l":"0924-669X","issn":["0924-669X","1573-7497"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10489-023-04740-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-023-04740-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10489-023-04740-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74726891","display_name":"Applied Intelligence","issn_l":"0924-669X","issn":["0924-669X","1573-7497"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.4399999976158142}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4153670792","display_name":"\u8fde\u7eed\u52a8\u4f5c\u7a7a\u95f4\u6df1\u5ea6Actor-Critic\u7b97\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61762032","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7963907384","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u795e\u7ecf\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u975e\u5149\u6ed1\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"11961018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385248679.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2025755239","https://openalex.org/W2078394884","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2217490359","https://openalex.org/W2765982206","https://openalex.org/W2787884921","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2962851801","https://openalex.org/W2965862774","https://openalex.org/W2970958999","https://openalex.org/W3034368386","https://openalex.org/W3046069036","https://openalex.org/W3093657173","https://openalex.org/W3100803541","https://openalex.org/W3112396361","https://openalex.org/W3119738894","https://openalex.org/W3129758539","https://openalex.org/W3135650485","https://openalex.org/W3138154797","https://openalex.org/W3159442541","https://openalex.org/W3162748909","https://openalex.org/W3184606595","https://openalex.org/W3204950213","https://openalex.org/W3212204275","https://openalex.org/W3212283357","https://openalex.org/W4205252534","https://openalex.org/W4206709233","https://openalex.org/W4210773761","https://openalex.org/W4220697527","https://openalex.org/W4220789519","https://openalex.org/W4224950724","https://openalex.org/W4229453673","https://openalex.org/W4285302276","https://openalex.org/W4289313596","https://openalex.org/W4290717512","https://openalex.org/W4310071937","https://openalex.org/W4312358901"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386603768","https://openalex.org/W2950475743","https://openalex.org/W2886711096","https://openalex.org/W2750384547","https://openalex.org/W3036048022","https://openalex.org/W4309224979","https://openalex.org/W3088108839","https://openalex.org/W4300560302","https://openalex.org/W992687842","https://openalex.org/W3026879719"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Convolutional":[1],"neural":[2,102],"networks":[3,103],"(CNNs)":[4],"have":[5],"shown":[6],"good":[7],"performance":[8],"in":[9,32,72,125,135,183,195],"many":[10],"practical":[11],"applications.":[12],"However,":[13],"their":[14],"high":[15],"computational":[16],"and":[17,65,76,121,138,142,144,169,174],"storage":[18],"requirements":[19],"make":[20],"them":[21],"difficult":[22],"to":[23,63,89,99,118,164],"deploy":[24],"on":[25,46,140,149],"resource-constrained":[26],"devices.":[27],"To":[28],"address":[29],"this":[30,33],"issue,":[31],"paper,":[34],"we":[35],"propose":[36],"a":[37,126,146,177],"novel":[38],"iterative":[39],"structured":[40],"pruning":[41,80,136,145,155],"algorithm":[42,54,95,117,158,188],"for":[43],"CNNs":[44,120,162,173],"based":[45],"the":[47,78,83,90,112,165,191,196],"recursive":[48],"least":[49],"squares":[50],"(RLS)":[51],"optimization.":[52],"Our":[53,94],"combines":[55],"inverse":[56],"input":[57,68,197],"autocorrelation":[58],"matrices":[59,62],"with":[60,152,176],"weight":[61],"evaluate":[64],"prune":[66,100,119,161,172,190],"unimportant":[67],"channels":[69],"or":[70,179],"nodes":[71],"each":[73],"CNN":[74],"layer":[75],"performs":[77],"next":[79],"operation":[81],"when":[82],"testing":[84],"loss":[85],"is":[86],"tuned":[87],"down":[88],"last":[91],"unpruned":[92],"level.":[93],"can":[96,159,170,189],"be":[97],"used":[98],"feedforward":[101],"(FNNs)":[104],"as":[105],"well.":[106],"The":[107],"fast":[108],"convergence":[109],"speed":[110],"of":[111,129],"RLS":[113],"optimization":[114],"allows":[115],"our":[116,157,187],"FNNs":[122,175],"multiple":[123],"times":[124],"small":[127,178],"number":[128],"epochs.":[130],"We":[131],"validate":[132],"its":[133],"effectiveness":[134],"VGG-16":[137],"ResNet-50":[139],"CIFAR-10":[141],"CIFAR-100":[143],"three-layer":[147],"FNN":[148],"MNIST.":[150],"Compared":[151],"four":[153],"popular":[154],"algorithms,":[156],"adaptively":[160],"according":[163],"learning":[166],"task":[167],"difficulty":[168],"effectively":[171],"even":[180],"no":[181],"reduction":[182],"accuracy.":[184],"In":[185],"addition,":[186],"original":[192],"sample":[193],"features":[194],"layer.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
