{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4210445739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-021-03020-y","title":"Gradient-based elephant herding optimization for cluster analysis","display_name":"Gradient-based elephant herding optimization for cluster analysis","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4210445739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-021-03020-y","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35106027"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10489-021-03020-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-021-03020-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10489-021-03020-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74726891","display_name":"Applied Intelligence","issn_l":"0924-669X","issn":["0924-669X","1573-7497"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10489-021-03020-y.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072347510","display_name":"Yuxian Duan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4780-217X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104252","display_name":"Air Force Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00seraz22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuxian Duan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, 710051 China","Graduate College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, 710051 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, 710051 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, 710051 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040016987","display_name":"Changyun Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9872-7982"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104252","display_name":"Air Force Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00seraz22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changyun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, 710051 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, 710051 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100448180","display_name":"Song Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5611-1517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104252","display_name":"Air Force Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00seraz22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Song Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, 710051 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, 710051 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103072120","display_name":"Xiangke Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6345-0760"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104252","display_name":"Air Force Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00seraz22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangke Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, 710051 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, 710051 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101709695","display_name":"Chunlin Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6548-3416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104252","display_name":"Air Force Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00seraz22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunlin Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Air Traffic Control and Navigation College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, 710051 China","Graduate College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, 710051 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air Traffic Control and Navigation College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, 710051 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, 710051 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100448180"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.44,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89928736,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"10","first_page":"11606","last_page":"11637"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10637","display_name":"Advanced Clustering Algorithms Research","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10637","display_name":"Advanced Clustering Algorithms Research","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7219389081001282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6740793585777283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herding","display_name":"Herding","score":0.6638262271881104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centroid","display_name":"Centroid","score":0.5625945329666138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.46941953897476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-optimum","display_name":"Local optimum","score":0.4643789529800415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4422459602355957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.418889582157135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4160689413547516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3970298767089844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.374683678150177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3214837312698364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.22524365782737732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1651187241077423}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7219389081001282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6740793585777283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177605951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1484503","display_name":"Herding","level":2,"score":0.6638262271881104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146599234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q511093","display_name":"Centroid","level":2,"score":0.5625945329666138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.46941953897476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141934464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3305386","display_name":"Local optimum","level":2,"score":0.4643789529800415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4422459602355957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.418889582157135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4160689413547516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3970298767089844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.374683678150177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3214837312698364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.22524365782737732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1651187241077423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38112","display_name":"Forestry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10489-021-03020-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-021-03020-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10489-021-03020-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74726891","display_name":"Applied Intelligence","issn_l":"0924-669X","issn":["0924-669X","1573-7497"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35106027","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35106027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied intelligence (Dordrecht, Netherlands)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8795968","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8795968","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Appl Intell (Dordr)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10489-021-03020-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-021-03020-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10489-021-03020-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74726891","display_name":"Applied Intelligence","issn_l":"0924-669X","issn":["0924-669X","1573-7497"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3006619586","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61703426","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4210445739.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4210445739.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":86,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W341879454","https://openalex.org/W1595159159","https://openalex.org/W1976744965","https://openalex.org/W1987869189","https://openalex.org/W2011430131","https://openalex.org/W2072955302","https://openalex.org/W2086622126","https://openalex.org/W2096166399","https://openalex.org/W2151554678","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2153233077","https://openalex.org/W2165466912","https://openalex.org/W2168617375","https://openalex.org/W2219898335","https://openalex.org/W2294832214","https://openalex.org/W2517600007","https://openalex.org/W2563442283","https://openalex.org/W2593385185","https://openalex.org/W2728134755","https://openalex.org/W2733722625","https://openalex.org/W2779378862","https://openalex.org/W2783827472","https://openalex.org/W2789543566","https://openalex.org/W2789548662","https://openalex.org/W2789839940","https://openalex.org/W2790581077","https://openalex.org/W2794415089","https://openalex.org/W2892074118","https://openalex.org/W2895888417","https://openalex.org/W2907672705","https://openalex.org/W2909324897","https://openalex.org/W2914961709","https://openalex.org/W2919979744","https://openalex.org/W2921596575","https://openalex.org/W2922490081","https://openalex.org/W2928269086","https://openalex.org/W2950244530","https://openalex.org/W2955282193","https://openalex.org/W2963103847","https://openalex.org/W2969591642","https://openalex.org/W2972093761","https://openalex.org/W2972260659","https://openalex.org/W2976725733","https://openalex.org/W2995749251","https://openalex.org/W2996095076","https://openalex.org/W2996522571","https://openalex.org/W2997881021","https://openalex.org/W2999988112","https://openalex.org/W3008086347","https://openalex.org/W3009169538","https://openalex.org/W3011417748","https://openalex.org/W3014974411","https://openalex.org/W3017009707","https://openalex.org/W3036663969","https://openalex.org/W3038102268","https://openalex.org/W3044434476","https://openalex.org/W3044742337","https://openalex.org/W3047324647","https://openalex.org/W3054942553","https://openalex.org/W3056683541","https://openalex.org/W3089306012","https://openalex.org/W3091866490","https://openalex.org/W3091909306","https://openalex.org/W3092694850","https://openalex.org/W3100095447","https://openalex.org/W3104025875","https://openalex.org/W3107196492","https://openalex.org/W3108785343","https://openalex.org/W3108892885","https://openalex.org/W3116298763","https://openalex.org/W3118273232","https://openalex.org/W3118517084","https://openalex.org/W3121642757","https://openalex.org/W3121769020","https://openalex.org/W3123468719","https://openalex.org/W3125950809","https://openalex.org/W3128436496","https://openalex.org/W3132118897","https://openalex.org/W3134651880","https://openalex.org/W3138772637","https://openalex.org/W3139372855","https://openalex.org/W3146978883","https://openalex.org/W3147468181","https://openalex.org/W3159249382","https://openalex.org/W3184441799","https://openalex.org/W4249302974"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2123552042","https://openalex.org/W3122774093","https://openalex.org/W2171525224","https://openalex.org/W2084635241","https://openalex.org/W2240918811","https://openalex.org/W3169694757","https://openalex.org/W2882988462","https://openalex.org/W2066174277","https://openalex.org/W2809775760","https://openalex.org/W2166382306"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-04T08:18:43.703281","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
