{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3119534679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-020-02085-5","title":"Smooth twin bounded support vector machine with pinball loss","display_name":"Smooth twin bounded support vector machine with pinball loss","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3119534679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-020-02085-5","mag":"3119534679"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10489-020-02085-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-020-02085-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10489-020-02085-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74726891","display_name":"Applied Intelligence","issn_l":"0924-669X","issn":["0924-669X","1573-7497"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10489-020-02085-5.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100399953","display_name":"Kai Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9027-0914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43337087","display_name":"Hebei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p884a79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43337087"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kai Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Security and Computer, Hebei University, Baoding, 071000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Security and Computer, Hebei University, Baoding, 071000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43337087"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020919639","display_name":"Zhen Lv","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43337087","display_name":"Hebei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p884a79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43337087"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhen Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Security and Computer, Hebei University, Baoding, 071000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Security and Computer, Hebei University, Baoding, 071000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43337087"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100399953"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43337087"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"fwci":1.1652,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79964453,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"8","first_page":"5489","last_page":"5505"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9835000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hinge-loss","display_name":"Hinge loss","score":0.8172541856765747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.7523553371429443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7499439120292664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6119122505187988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounded-function","display_name":"Bounded function","score":0.542352020740509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadratic-programming","display_name":"Quadratic programming","score":0.4634440243244171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance-vector-machine","display_name":"Relevance vector machine","score":0.4487636089324951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.44516298174858093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structured-support-vector-machine","display_name":"Structured support vector machine","score":0.4151412546634674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.39031583070755005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38160276412963867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3356868028640747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18781882524490356}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39891107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5767098","display_name":"Hinge loss","level":3,"score":0.8172541856765747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.7523553371429443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7499439120292664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6119122505187988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34388435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267362","display_name":"Bounded function","level":2,"score":0.542352020740509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81845259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290117","display_name":"Quadratic programming","level":2,"score":0.4634440243244171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14948415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310972","display_name":"Relevance vector machine","level":3,"score":0.4487636089324951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.44516298174858093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125168437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7625184","display_name":"Structured support vector machine","level":3,"score":0.4151412546634674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.39031583070755005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38160276412963867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3356868028640747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18781882524490356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10489-020-02085-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-020-02085-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10489-020-02085-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74726891","display_name":"Applied Intelligence","issn_l":"0924-669X","issn":["0924-669X","1573-7497"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10489-020-02085-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-020-02085-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10489-020-02085-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74726891","display_name":"Applied Intelligence","issn_l":"0924-669X","issn":["0924-669X","1573-7497"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2714002891","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"F2018201060","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322163","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8715445475","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No.F2018201060","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322163","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322163","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3119534679.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3119534679.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966546994","https://openalex.org/W1966665485","https://openalex.org/W1969811075","https://openalex.org/W1988296307","https://openalex.org/W2005148680","https://openalex.org/W2014908235","https://openalex.org/W2019184604","https://openalex.org/W2038445713","https://openalex.org/W2057918986","https://openalex.org/W2064575768","https://openalex.org/W2068484625","https://openalex.org/W2069231281","https://openalex.org/W2090089568","https://openalex.org/W2118310471","https://openalex.org/W2132425109","https://openalex.org/W2136627475","https://openalex.org/W2141177188","https://openalex.org/W2149684865","https://openalex.org/W2156909104","https://openalex.org/W2170860445","https://openalex.org/W2334029524","https://openalex.org/W2343106965","https://openalex.org/W2360531627","https://openalex.org/W2616617419","https://openalex.org/W2783299469","https://openalex.org/W2798766386","https://openalex.org/W2804758133","https://openalex.org/W2912088361","https://openalex.org/W2915184413","https://openalex.org/W2940511651","https://openalex.org/W2956024167","https://openalex.org/W2964744810","https://openalex.org/W2973651390","https://openalex.org/W3118870036","https://openalex.org/W4242209908"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2565312173","https://openalex.org/W2683383161","https://openalex.org/W2186666570","https://openalex.org/W2010005619","https://openalex.org/W2104936869","https://openalex.org/W2206547991","https://openalex.org/W3144681993","https://openalex.org/W2122277321","https://openalex.org/W1948992892","https://openalex.org/W2364362706"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,59,140],"twin":[2,32,86,98,129,155],"support":[3,12,33,87,100,131,157],"vector":[4,13,34,88,101,132,158],"machine":[5,14,35,133,159],"improves":[6],"the":[7,11,26,31,41,66,70,82,85,90,97,104,107,146,150,168,171,177,179,185,189,193,196,209,212],"classification":[8],"performance":[9,83,194],"of":[10,38,84,106,170,195,203,211],"by":[15,118],"solving":[16],"two":[17],"small":[18],"quadratic":[19],"programming":[20],"problems.":[21],"However,":[22],"this":[23],"method":[24],"has":[25],"following":[27],"defects:":[28],"(1)":[29],"For":[30],"and":[36,54,73,103,166,188],"some":[37],"its":[39],"variants,":[40],"constructed":[42],"models":[43,60],"use":[44],"a":[45,120,127],"hinge":[46],"loss":[47,92,109,137,163],"function,":[48],"which":[49],"is":[50,77,94,116,138,142,164,174,182,199],"sensitive":[51],"to":[52,62,69],"noise":[53],"unstable":[55],"in":[56,145],"resampling.":[57],"(2)":[58],"need":[61],"be":[63],"converted":[64],"from":[65],"original":[67,147],"space":[68,148],"dual":[71],"space,":[72],"their":[74],"time":[75],"complexity":[76],"high.":[78],"To":[79],"further":[80],"enhance":[81],"machine,":[89,102],"pinball":[91,108,136,162],"function":[93,110],"introduced":[95],"into":[96],"bounded":[99,130,156],"problem":[105],"not":[111],"being":[112],"differentiable":[113],"at":[114],"zero":[115],"solved":[117,143],"constructing":[119],"smooth":[121,128,154],"approximation":[122],"function.":[123],"Based":[124],"on":[125,184],"this,":[126],"model":[134,141],"with":[135,161,201],"obtained.":[139],"iteratively":[144],"using":[149],"Newton-Armijo":[151],"method.":[152],"A":[153],"algorithm":[160,173,181,198],"proposed,":[165],"theoretically":[167],"convergence":[169],"iterative":[172],"proven.":[175],"In":[176],"experiments,":[178],"proposed":[180,213],"validated":[183],"UCI":[186],"datasets":[187],"artificial":[190],"datasets.":[191],"Furthermore,":[192],"presented":[197],"compared":[200],"those":[202],"other":[204],"representative":[205],"algorithms,":[206],"thereby":[207],"demonstrating":[208],"effectiveness":[210],"algorithm.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}