{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2952785241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-019-01509-1","title":"Recognising innovative companies by using a diversified stacked generalisation method for website classification","display_name":"Recognising innovative companies by using a diversified stacked generalisation method for website classification","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2952785241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-019-01509-1","mag":"2952785241"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10489-019-01509-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-019-01509-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10489-019-01509-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74726891","display_name":"Applied Intelligence","issn_l":"0924-669X","issn":["0924-669X","1573-7497"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10489-019-01509-1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017143339","display_name":"Marcin Miro\u0144czuk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4951-2264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139285","display_name":"National Information Processing Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040fc1e14","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139285"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marcin Micha\u0142 Miro\u0144czuk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Intelligent Information Systems, National Information Processing Institute, al. Niepodleg\u0142o\u015bci 188 b, 00-608, Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4951-2264","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Intelligent Information Systems, National Information Processing Institute, al. Niepodleg\u0142o\u015bci 188 b, 00-608, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139285"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020570496","display_name":"Jaros\u0142aw Protasiewicz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9204-921X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139285","display_name":"National Information Processing Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040fc1e14","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139285"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaros\u0142aw Protasiewicz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Intelligent Information Systems, National Information Processing Institute, al. Niepodleg\u0142o\u015bci 188 b, 00-608, Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Intelligent Information Systems, National Information Processing Institute, al. Niepodleg\u0142o\u015bci 188 b, 00-608, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139285"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017143339"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139285"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"fwci":0.4335,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71374493,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"1","first_page":"42","last_page":"60"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9846000075340271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9846000075340271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.953000009059906,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10609","display_name":"Digital Marketing and Social Media","score":0.9297999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8817390203475952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voting","display_name":"Voting","score":0.6201901435852051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.6020382642745972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.5454805493354797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.49119970202445984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.47276121377944946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4649084508419037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.46156376600265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4553648829460144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.4384108781814575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.37112218141555786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.14008644223213196}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8817390203475952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520049643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189760","display_name":"Voting","level":3,"score":0.6201901435852051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6020382642745972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.5454805493354797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.49119970202445984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.47276121377944946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4649084508419037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.46156376600265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4553648829460144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4384108781814575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.37112218141555786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.14008644223213196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10489-019-01509-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-019-01509-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10489-019-01509-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74726891","display_name":"Applied Intelligence","issn_l":"0924-669X","issn":["0924-669X","1573-7497"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10489-019-01509-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-019-01509-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10489-019-01509-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74726891","display_name":"Applied Intelligence","issn_l":"0924-669X","issn":["0924-669X","1573-7497"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6299999952316284}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2952785241.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2952785241.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W28412257","https://openalex.org/W273955616","https://openalex.org/W597036898","https://openalex.org/W613690151","https://openalex.org/W767037412","https://openalex.org/W1492815834","https://openalex.org/W1532325895","https://openalex.org/W1554944419","https://openalex.org/W1558290854","https://openalex.org/W1565746575","https://openalex.org/W1570448133","https://openalex.org/W1573234480","https://openalex.org/W1645816215","https://openalex.org/W1933386641","https://openalex.org/W1969482724","https://openalex.org/W1974758710","https://openalex.org/W2011899237","https://openalex.org/W2017008479","https://openalex.org/W2033371754","https://openalex.org/W2071721660","https://openalex.org/W2097360283","https://openalex.org/W2104235537","https://openalex.org/W2119821739","https://openalex.org/W2122008046","https://openalex.org/W2123989324","https://openalex.org/W2124868070","https://openalex.org/W2135308356","https://openalex.org/W2136362180","https://openalex.org/W2155806188","https://openalex.org/W2157076315","https://openalex.org/W2157963336","https://openalex.org/W2170505850","https://openalex.org/W2222792102","https://openalex.org/W2325343629","https://openalex.org/W2337007931","https://openalex.org/W2388245502","https://openalex.org/W2440899416","https://openalex.org/W2474415783","https://openalex.org/W2487770199","https://openalex.org/W2498672755","https://openalex.org/W2499292135","https://openalex.org/W2524841068","https://openalex.org/W2529087958","https://openalex.org/W2553002154","https://openalex.org/W2562036780","https://openalex.org/W2582743722","https://openalex.org/W2594788739","https://openalex.org/W2602753196","https://openalex.org/W2604504584","https://openalex.org/W2611354117","https://openalex.org/W2619051987","https://openalex.org/W2742408064","https://openalex.org/W2787894218","https://openalex.org/W2790404387","https://openalex.org/W2790566753","https://openalex.org/W2791738894","https://openalex.org/W2793412634","https://openalex.org/W2793996339","https://openalex.org/W2802893329","https://openalex.org/W2886377174","https://openalex.org/W2889764698","https://openalex.org/W2891848102","https://openalex.org/W2898339904","https://openalex.org/W3099723433","https://openalex.org/W3100344990","https://openalex.org/W4213009331","https://openalex.org/W4229789596","https://openalex.org/W4241727697","https://openalex.org/W4248018214","https://openalex.org/W4250114099","https://openalex.org/W4294541781","https://openalex.org/W6813157579","https://openalex.org/W6821924414"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1585007175","https://openalex.org/W2382521049","https://openalex.org/W2144385241","https://openalex.org/W2165950148","https://openalex.org/W4253593777","https://openalex.org/W2951497643","https://openalex.org/W4300101996","https://openalex.org/W2142393343","https://openalex.org/W3101625811","https://openalex.org/W2338854850"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,144],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,65,89,146],"propose":[4,90],"a":[5,14,33,58,91,95,104,107,111,135],"classification":[6,123,153,179],"system":[7],"which":[8,100,125,183],"is":[9,16,70,101],"able":[10],"to":[11,54],"decide":[12],"whether":[13],"company":[15],"innovative":[17,186],"or":[18,133],"not,":[19],"based":[20,102],"only":[21,69],"on":[22,27,103,130,139,162],"its":[23],"public":[24],"website":[25],"available":[26],"the":[28,37,43,72,174,178],"internet.":[29],"As":[30],"innovativeness":[31,75],"plays":[32],"crucial":[34],"role":[35],"in":[36,143],"development":[38],"of":[39,42,49,74,106,181],"myriad":[40],"branches":[41],"modern":[44],"economy,":[45],"an":[46],"increasing":[47],"number":[48],"entities":[50],"are":[51],"expending":[52],"effort":[53],"be":[55],"innovative.":[56],"Thus,":[57],"new":[59,92],"issue":[60],"has":[61,158],"appeared:":[62],"how":[63],"can":[64],"recognise":[66],"them?":[67],"Not":[68],"grasping":[71],"idea":[73],"challenging":[76],"for":[77,82],"humans,":[78],"but":[79],"also":[80],"impossible":[81],"any":[83],"known":[84],"machine":[85],"learning":[86],"algorithm.":[87,113],"Therefore,":[88],"indirect":[93],"technique:":[94],"diversified":[96],"stacked":[97],"generalisation":[98],"method,":[99],"combination":[105],"multi-view":[108],"approach":[109,116],"and":[110],"genetic":[112],"The":[114,155,169],"proposed":[115,156,175],"achieves":[117],"better":[118],"performance":[119],"than":[120],"all":[121],"other":[122],"methods":[124],"include:":[126],"(i)":[127],"models":[128],"trained":[129],"single":[131],"datasets;":[132],"(ii)":[134],"simple":[136],"voting":[137],"method":[138,176],"these":[140],"models.":[141],"Furthermore,":[142],"study,":[145],"check":[147],"if":[148],"unaligned":[149],"feature":[150],"space":[151],"improves":[152,177],"results.":[154],"solution":[157],"been":[159],"extensively":[160],"evaluated":[161],"real":[163],"data":[164],"collected":[165],"from":[166],"companies\u2019":[167],"websites.":[168],"experimental":[170],"results":[171],"verify":[172],"that":[173],"quality":[180],"websites":[182],"might":[184],"represent":[185],"companies.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}