{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2137547347","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10485-006-9013-z","title":"A General View of Approximation","display_name":"A General View of Approximation","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2137547347","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10485-006-9013-z","mag":"2137547347"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10485-006-9013-z","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10485-006-9013-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S148906134","display_name":"Applied Categorical Structures","issn_l":"0927-2852","issn":["0927-2852","1572-9095"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Categorical Structures","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017448976","display_name":"Bernhard Banaschewski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3177-8459"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"B. Banaschewski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Mathematics, McMaster University, 1280 Main W, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada","McMaster university#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Mathematics, McMaster University, 1280 Main W, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"McMaster university#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061070859","display_name":"Ale\u0161 Pultr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9308-3700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21250087","display_name":"Charles University","ror":"https://ror.org/024d6js02","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21250087"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Pultr","raw_affiliation_strings":["MFF University Karlovy, Malostranske nam. 25, CZ-11800, Praha 1, Czech Republic","MFF University Karlovy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MFF University Karlovy, Malostranske nam. 25, CZ-11800, Praha 1, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21250087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MFF University Karlovy","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017448976"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3371,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63971531,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"165","last_page":"190"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.9592999815940857,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.9592999815940857,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11063","display_name":"Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic","score":0.9434000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9330000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theory-of-computation","display_name":"Theory of computation","score":0.7553456425666809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.6717021465301514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/category-theory","display_name":"Category theory","score":0.4168494939804077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calculus","display_name":"Calculus (dental)","score":0.3374599814414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.2970593571662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2603856027126312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24858836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844718","display_name":"Theory of computation","level":2,"score":0.7553456425666809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.6717021465301514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54884031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217413","display_name":"Category theory","level":2,"score":0.4168494939804077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777686260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q144037","display_name":"Calculus (dental)","level":2,"score":0.3374599814414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.2970593571662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2603856027126312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10485-006-9013-z","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10485-006-9013-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S148906134","display_name":"Applied Categorical Structures","issn_l":"0927-2852","issn":["0927-2852","1572-9095"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Categorical Structures","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.2.7303","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.2.7303","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://kam.mff.cuni.cz/~kamserie/serie/clanky/2002/s591.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W193642017","https://openalex.org/W1544564247","https://openalex.org/W1545793066","https://openalex.org/W1984737144","https://openalex.org/W2019735690","https://openalex.org/W2032386884","https://openalex.org/W2120713972","https://openalex.org/W2503657481","https://openalex.org/W2752732604"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979597421","https://openalex.org/W2007980826","https://openalex.org/W4245490552","https://openalex.org/W4225152035","https://openalex.org/W2061531152","https://openalex.org/W3002753104","https://openalex.org/W2077600819","https://openalex.org/W1587224694","https://openalex.org/W2911598644","https://openalex.org/W2042127053"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}