{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3207235455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-021-04312-9","title":"Network models to improve robot advisory portfolios","display_name":"Network models to improve robot advisory portfolios","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3207235455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-021-04312-9","mag":"3207235455"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10479-021-04312-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-021-04312-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10479-021-04312-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57667410","display_name":"Annals of Operations Research","issn_l":"0254-5330","issn":["0254-5330","1572-9338"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Operations Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10479-021-04312-9.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051364218","display_name":"Paolo Giudici","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4198-0127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25217355","display_name":"University of Pavia","ror":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paolo Giudici","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071545198","display_name":"Gloria Polinesi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122534668","display_name":"Marche Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/00x69rs40","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gloria Polinesi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e1 Politecnica delle Marche, Piazzale Martelli 8, 60121, Ancona, AN, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e1 Politecnica delle Marche, Piazzale Martelli 8, 60121, Ancona, AN, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040056829","display_name":"Alessandro Spelta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1974-3165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25217355","display_name":"University of Pavia","ror":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Spelta","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051364218"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"fwci":3.5463,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94047536,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"313","issue":"2","first_page":"965","last_page":"989"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11270","display_name":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11270","display_name":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10047","display_name":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.5902446508407593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.5797043442726135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asset","display_name":"Asset (computer security)","score":0.5770959854125977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5535835027694702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theory-of-computation","display_name":"Theory of computation","score":0.5467556118965149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.5073136687278748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.497731477022171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preference","display_name":"Preference","score":0.49536168575286865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.4905373454093933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asset-allocation","display_name":"Asset allocation","score":0.4607895314693451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.38944312930107117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.33144110441207886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.3211858868598938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.2943797707557678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.27335041761398315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.2341291904449463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/portfolio","display_name":"Portfolio","score":0.22163352370262146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.17062580585479736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.11824697256088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11658155918121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10357651114463806}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.5902446508407593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.5797043442726135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76178495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4808784","display_name":"Asset (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.5770959854125977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5535835027694702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24858836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844718","display_name":"Theory of computation","level":2,"score":0.5467556118965149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5073136687278748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.497731477022171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781249084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908656","display_name":"Preference","level":2,"score":0.49536168575286865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.4905373454093933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139819358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q462748","display_name":"Asset allocation","level":3,"score":0.4607895314693451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.38944312930107117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.33144110441207886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.3211858868598938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.2943797707557678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.27335041761398315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.2341291904449463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780821815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5340806","display_name":"Portfolio","level":2,"score":0.22163352370262146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.17062580585479736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.11824697256088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11658155918121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10357651114463806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10479-021-04312-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-021-04312-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10479-021-04312-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57667410","display_name":"Annals of Operations Research","issn_l":"0254-5330","issn":["0254-5330","1572-9338"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Operations Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:spr:annopr:v:313:y:2022:i:2:d:10.1007_s10479-021-04312-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10479-021-04312-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.univpm.it:11566/314350","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11566/314350","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402571","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche (Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122534668","host_organization_name":"Marche Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:u-pad.unimc.it:11393/365670","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11393/365670","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196455","display_name":"U-PAD Unimc - Open Digital Publications (University of Macerata)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I55133342","host_organization_name":"University of Macerata","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55133342"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10479-021-04312-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-021-04312-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10479-021-04312-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57667410","display_name":"Annals of Operations Research","issn_l":"0254-5330","issn":["0254-5330","1572-9338"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Operations Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4956428346","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon 2020 research and innovatio","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5036817778","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innov","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8318064016","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8633428685","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovat","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323420","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche","ror":"https://ror.org/00x69rs40"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3207235455.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3207235455.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W166751945","https://openalex.org/W1516760870","https://openalex.org/W1628623313","https://openalex.org/W1647779468","https://openalex.org/W1963596092","https://openalex.org/W1970686657","https://openalex.org/W1975832275","https://openalex.org/W1980096229","https://openalex.org/W1989576509","https://openalex.org/W2007785292","https://openalex.org/W2013075675","https://openalex.org/W2014426727","https://openalex.org/W2019519002","https://openalex.org/W2021159684","https://openalex.org/W2026417691","https://openalex.org/W2027897515","https://openalex.org/W2029964183","https://openalex.org/W2033244732","https://openalex.org/W2041946752","https://openalex.org/W2045547871","https://openalex.org/W2056405418","https://openalex.org/W2060581589","https://openalex.org/W2066636486","https://openalex.org/W2066680775","https://openalex.org/W2067544512","https://openalex.org/W2072184935","https://openalex.org/W2092583264","https://openalex.org/W2094688862","https://openalex.org/W2107845038","https://openalex.org/W2112790040","https://openalex.org/W2113188547","https://openalex.org/W2123199877","https://openalex.org/W2123963758","https://openalex.org/W2127800791","https://openalex.org/W2129737628","https://openalex.org/W2131773668","https://openalex.org/W2132555912","https://openalex.org/W2136913207","https://openalex.org/W2138144286","https://openalex.org/W2138621811","https://openalex.org/W2144809865","https://openalex.org/W2153580489","https://openalex.org/W2509264636","https://openalex.org/W2541919214","https://openalex.org/W2611011638","https://openalex.org/W2622641718","https://openalex.org/W2809250076","https://openalex.org/W2811237396","https://openalex.org/W2896442689","https://openalex.org/W2946483200","https://openalex.org/W2947716705","https://openalex.org/W2964340579","https://openalex.org/W3008751994","https://openalex.org/W3044536384","https://openalex.org/W3104363895","https://openalex.org/W3104963122","https://openalex.org/W3105398219","https://openalex.org/W3121792421","https://openalex.org/W3122811766","https://openalex.org/W3124094741","https://openalex.org/W3124458696","https://openalex.org/W3124876424","https://openalex.org/W3149240433","https://openalex.org/W4213302443","https://openalex.org/W4235019172","https://openalex.org/W6807091881"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2090624569","https://openalex.org/W4250775169","https://openalex.org/W1987895267","https://openalex.org/W4381329258","https://openalex.org/W2350519135","https://openalex.org/W2891635047","https://openalex.org/W4252225730","https://openalex.org/W2090638348","https://openalex.org/W4247172175","https://openalex.org/W2332156480"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Robot":[1],"advisory":[2],"services":[3],"are":[4,138],"rapidly":[5],"expanding,":[6],"responding":[7],"to":[8,61,76,112],"a":[9,62,113,130],"growing":[10],"interest":[11],"people":[12],"have":[13],"in":[14],"directly":[15],"managing":[16],"their":[17,90],"savings.":[18],"Robot-advisors":[19],"may":[20,59],"reduce":[21],"costs":[22],"and":[23,67,106],"improve":[24],"the":[25,41,108,118,141],"quality":[26],"of":[27,72,121,129,133,140],"asset":[28],"allocation":[29],"services,":[30],"making":[31],"user\u2019s":[32],"involvement":[33],"more":[34],"transparent.":[35],"Against":[36],"this":[37,73,78,96],"background,":[38],"there":[39],"exists":[40],"possibility":[42],"that":[43],"robot":[44],"advisors":[45],"underestimate":[46],"market":[47],"risks,":[48],"especially":[49],"during":[50],"crisis":[51],"times,":[52],"when":[53],"high":[54],"order":[55],"interconnections":[56],"arise.":[57],"This":[58],"lead":[60],"mismatch":[63],"between":[64],"investors\u2019":[65,85],"expected":[66],"actual":[68],"risk.":[69],"The":[70],"aim":[71],"paper":[74],"is":[75],"overcome":[77],"issue,":[79],"taking":[80],"into":[81],"account":[82],"not":[83],"only":[84],"risk":[86],"preference":[87],"but":[88],"also":[89],"attitude":[91],"towards":[92],"interconnectdness.":[93],"To":[94,116],"achieve":[95],"aim,":[97],"we":[98,125],"combine":[99],"random":[100],"matrix":[101],"theory":[102],"with":[103],"correlation":[104],"networks":[105],"extend":[107],"Markowitz\u2019":[109],"optimisation":[110],"problem":[111],"third":[114],"dimension.":[115],"demonstrate":[117],"practical":[119],"advantage":[120],"our":[122],"proposed":[123],"approach":[124],"employ":[126],"daily":[127],"returns":[128],"large":[131],"set":[132],"Exchange":[134],"Traded":[135],"Funds,":[136],"which":[137],"representative":[139],"financial":[142],"products":[143],"employed":[144],"by":[145],"robot-advisors.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-23T07:41:27.035349","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}