{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409695137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-025-11233-7","title":"A comprehensive survey of specularity detection: state-of-the-art techniques and breakthroughs","display_name":"A comprehensive survey of specularity detection: state-of-the-art techniques and breakthroughs","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409695137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-025-11233-7"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10462-025-11233-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-025-11233-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10462-025-11233-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122814990","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","issn_l":"0269-2821","issn":["0269-2821","1573-7462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10462-025-11233-7.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022715352","display_name":"Fengze Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4015-3744"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69356397","display_name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmrmn05","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fengze Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","School of Advanced Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Advanced Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101684025","display_name":"Jieming Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3132-1718"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69356397","display_name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmrmn05","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jieming Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Advanced Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Advanced Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031886887","display_name":"Hai\u2010Ning Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3600-8955"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hai-Ning Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computation Media and Arts Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computation Media and Arts Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080737022","display_name":"Zhongbei Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7295-3327"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongbei Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic, Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic, Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115597201","display_name":"Zhijing Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhijing Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064082779","display_name":"Tianxi Wen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianxi Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics & Astronomy, UCL, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics & Astronomy, UCL, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101666262","display_name":"Dawei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4386-9091"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69356397","display_name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmrmn05","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dawei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Advanced Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Advanced Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022715352"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781","https://openalex.org/I69356397"],"apc_list":{"value":2490,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":{"value":2490,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"fwci":15.8967,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98763318,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"58","issue":"7","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12205","display_name":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","score":0.9728999733924866,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9639000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specularity","display_name":"Specularity","score":0.9765589237213135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6925899982452393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.4704004228115082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.32594239711761475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.09548535943031311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.08629655838012695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07387760281562805}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779456664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q972162","display_name":"Specularity","level":3,"score":0.9765589237213135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6925899982452393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4704004228115082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32594239711761475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.09548535943031311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.08629655838012695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07387760281562805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118381688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1079524","display_name":"Specular reflection","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10462-025-11233-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-025-11233-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10462-025-11233-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122814990","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","issn_l":"0269-2821","issn":["0269-2821","1573-7462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10462-025-11233-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-025-11233-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10462-025-11233-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122814990","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","issn_l":"0269-2821","issn":["0269-2821","1573-7462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.47999998927116394}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3444876078","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62472361","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409695137.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":113,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W125693051","https://openalex.org/W1547678943","https://openalex.org/W1578510995","https://openalex.org/W1655795019","https://openalex.org/W1691329329","https://openalex.org/W1923184257","https://openalex.org/W1929049076","https://openalex.org/W1931010198","https://openalex.org/W1953465585","https://openalex.org/W1964369825","https://openalex.org/W1973963388","https://openalex.org/W1975730375","https://openalex.org/W1979606301","https://openalex.org/W1985073523","https://openalex.org/W2020860387","https://openalex.org/W2032979582","https://openalex.org/W2034812726","https://openalex.org/W2038482985","https://openalex.org/W2045875333","https://openalex.org/W2054322877","https://openalex.org/W2056182445","https://openalex.org/W2076226401","https://openalex.org/W2101909265","https://openalex.org/W2104587129","https://openalex.org/W2116093366","https://openalex.org/W2119737311","https://openalex.org/W2132139399","https://openalex.org/W2135509629","https://openalex.org/W2135861823","https://openalex.org/W2136492934","https://openalex.org/W2142180098","https://openalex.org/W2147815172","https://openalex.org/W2149389319","https://openalex.org/W2153736712","https://openalex.org/W2154847188","https://openalex.org/W2159817251","https://openalex.org/W2160613239","https://openalex.org/W2319992671","https://openalex.org/W2395611524","https://openalex.org/W2507296351","https://openalex.org/W2549139847","https://openalex.org/W2560023338","https://openalex.org/W2561196672","https://openalex.org/W2563284670","https://openalex.org/W2594519801","https://openalex.org/W2614266374","https://openalex.org/W2737258237","https://openalex.org/W2807746031","https://openalex.org/W2884585870","https://openalex.org/W2891871824","https://openalex.org/W2905260191","https://openalex.org/W2938260698","https://openalex.org/W2939217524","https://openalex.org/W2954876976","https://openalex.org/W2961348656","https://openalex.org/W2963112696","https://openalex.org/W2963150697","https://openalex.org/W2964339842","https://openalex.org/W2968004941","https://openalex.org/W2983727866","https://openalex.org/W2990984982","https://openalex.org/W2997909005","https://openalex.org/W3004654097","https://openalex.org/W3034592098","https://openalex.org/W3035462037","https://openalex.org/W3038126773","https://openalex.org/W3041955305","https://openalex.org/W3090330387","https://openalex.org/W3092667514","https://openalex.org/W3096832794","https://openalex.org/W3098389804","https://openalex.org/W3106893712","https://openalex.org/W3113755791","https://openalex.org/W3127131334","https://openalex.org/W3131656627","https://openalex.org/W3136036486","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3174969937","https://openalex.org/W3175419009","https://openalex.org/W3179324864","https://openalex.org/W3193639341","https://openalex.org/W3196860301","https://openalex.org/W3201169059","https://openalex.org/W4205325464","https://openalex.org/W4231140325","https://openalex.org/W4282922170","https://openalex.org/W4304084084","https://openalex.org/W4306734859","https://openalex.org/W4307925549","https://openalex.org/W4312433277","https://openalex.org/W4313546627","https://openalex.org/W4361803467","https://openalex.org/W4367662621","https://openalex.org/W4382469027","https://openalex.org/W4385832270","https://openalex.org/W4386072314","https://openalex.org/W4386076350","https://openalex.org/W4386076434","https://openalex.org/W4386095064","https://openalex.org/W4386575106","https://openalex.org/W4386761851","https://openalex.org/W4387197080","https://openalex.org/W4387517523","https://openalex.org/W4389332697","https://openalex.org/W4390871874","https://openalex.org/W4390874575","https://openalex.org/W4392543482","https://openalex.org/W4393154044","https://openalex.org/W4394585929","https://openalex.org/W4399376243","https://openalex.org/W4402726954","https://openalex.org/W4402916446","https://openalex.org/W4402917035"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1977817466","https://openalex.org/W1980589353","https://openalex.org/W2127994019","https://openalex.org/W4252897014","https://openalex.org/W4287368389","https://openalex.org/W1990180334","https://openalex.org/W3194536745"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Specularity":[0],"poses":[1],"significant":[2],"challenges":[3],"in":[4,13,135],"computer":[5],"vision":[6],"(CV),":[7],"often":[8],"leading":[9],"to":[10,46,106,125],"performance":[11],"degradation":[12],"various":[14],"tasks.":[15],"Despite":[16],"its":[17],"importance,":[18],"the":[19,108],"CV":[20],"field":[21],"lacks":[22],"a":[23,43,52,67,126],"comprehensive":[24],"review":[25,54],"of":[26,39,55,73,110,129],"specularity":[27,40,136],"detection":[28,113],"techniques.":[29],"This":[30],"survey":[31,82,123],"addresses":[32],"this":[33,122],"gap":[34],"by":[35],"synthesizing":[36],"diverse":[37,94,117],"definitions":[38],"and":[41,57,79,87,119,132],"providing":[42],"unified":[44],"framework":[45],"enhance":[47],"consistency.":[48],"It":[49],"also":[50],"presents":[51],"systematic":[53],"traditional":[56],"deep":[58],"learning-based":[59],"methods":[60,92],"for":[61,89,102],"detecting":[62],"specularity.":[63],"Comparative":[64],"experiments":[65],"on":[66],"standardized":[68],"dataset":[69],"enable":[70],"in-depth":[71],"evaluation":[72],"each":[74],"method,":[75],"highlighting":[76],"their":[77],"strengths":[78],"limitations.":[80],"The":[81],"further":[83],"provides":[84],"structured":[85],"insights":[86],"guidance":[88],"selecting":[90],"appropriate":[91],"across":[93],"scenarios.":[95],"Through":[96],"this,":[97],"it":[98],"identifies":[99],"key":[100],"areas":[101],"future":[103],"research,":[104],"aiming":[105],"support":[107],"development":[109],"more":[111],"advanced":[112],"models.":[114],"By":[115],"integrating":[116],"methodologies":[118],"quantitative":[120],"analyzes,":[121],"contributes":[124],"deeper":[127],"understanding":[128],"current":[130],"advancements":[131],"potential":[133],"innovations":[134],"detection.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}