{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408074406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-025-11160-7","title":"A comprehensive review of artificial intelligence - based algorithm towards fetal facial anomalies detection (2013\u20132024)","display_name":"A comprehensive review of artificial intelligence - based algorithm towards fetal facial anomalies detection (2013\u20132024)","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408074406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-025-11160-7"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10462-025-11160-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-025-11160-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10462-025-11160-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122814990","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","issn_l":"0269-2821","issn":["0269-2821","1573-7462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10462-025-11160-7.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043209594","display_name":"N. Sriraam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3790-3900"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114602248","display_name":"Bharat Electronics (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/00edfym28","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114602248"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Natarajan Sriraam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Medical Electronics and Computational Intelligence, Department of Medical Electronics Engineering, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560054, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Medical Electronics and Computational Intelligence, Department of Medical Electronics Engineering, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560054, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114602248"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079003731","display_name":"Babu Chinta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8977528","display_name":"Dr. Hari Singh Gour University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xapxe37","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8977528"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Babu Chinta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Medical Electronics and Computational Intelligence, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560054, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Medical Electronics and Computational Intelligence, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560054, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8977528"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079511593","display_name":"Suresh Seshadri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5236-8112"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138510","display_name":"Fetal Care Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/031r1z972","country_code":"IN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138510"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suresh Seshadri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mediscan Systems Pvt Ltd., Chennai, 600004, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mediscan Systems Pvt Ltd., Chennai, 600004, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138510"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104005897","display_name":"Sudarshan Suresh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138510","display_name":"Fetal Care Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/031r1z972","country_code":"IN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138510"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sudarshan Suresh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mediscan Systems Pvt Ltd., Chennai, 600004, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mediscan Systems Pvt Ltd., Chennai, 600004, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138510"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043209594"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114602248"],"apc_list":{"value":2490,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":{"value":2490,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"fwci":28.4532,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99685053,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"58","issue":"5","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12552","display_name":"Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders","score":0.977400004863739,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12552","display_name":"Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders","score":0.977400004863739,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11374","display_name":"Cleft Lip and Palate Research","score":0.9539999961853027,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9487000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7582037448883057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5780667662620544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.42993301153182983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4133955240249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3346206545829773}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7582037448883057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5780667662620544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.42993301153182983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4133955240249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3346206545829773}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10462-025-11160-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-025-11160-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10462-025-11160-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122814990","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","issn_l":"0269-2821","issn":["0269-2821","1573-7462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10462-025-11160-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-025-11160-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10462-025-11160-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122814990","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","issn_l":"0269-2821","issn":["0269-2821","1573-7462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1205098222","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ICMR ID: 2022-16951","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320720","funder_display_name":"Indian Council of Medical Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320720","display_name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0492wrx28"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4408074406.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":159,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484937474","https://openalex.org/W1501079528","https://openalex.org/W1595369638","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1966326965","https://openalex.org/W1968790199","https://openalex.org/W1972069673","https://openalex.org/W1976033987","https://openalex.org/W1979967201","https://openalex.org/W1981705227","https://openalex.org/W1991252317","https://openalex.org/W1992149195","https://openalex.org/W1995274812","https://openalex.org/W2004311411","https://openalex.org/W2008319346","https://openalex.org/W2018614433","https://openalex.org/W2023561613","https://openalex.org/W2024723340","https://openalex.org/W2025646928","https://openalex.org/W2028784435","https://openalex.org/W2029317114","https://openalex.org/W2029844754","https://openalex.org/W2032446679","https://openalex.org/W2038970902","https://openalex.org/W2047442218","https://openalex.org/W2055329208","https://openalex.org/W2058947370","https://openalex.org/W2059126899","https://openalex.org/W2061715187","https://openalex.org/W2069328123","https://openalex.org/W2070033825","https://openalex.org/W2075447843","https://openalex.org/W2077217789","https://openalex.org/W2085692989","https://openalex.org/W2090315880","https://openalex.org/W2094149650","https://openalex.org/W2094327584","https://openalex.org/W2103019954","https://openalex.org/W2104150593","https://openalex.org/W2105634177","https://openalex.org/W2105958962","https://openalex.org/W2119011857","https://openalex.org/W2121203983","https://openalex.org/W2132444575","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2160806511","https://openalex.org/W2162023150","https://openalex.org/W2267236547","https://openalex.org/W2332402265","https://openalex.org/W2335957243","https://openalex.org/W2336361064","https://openalex.org/W2410275177","https://openalex.org/W2411243579","https://openalex.org/W2413995659","https://openalex.org/W2533041079","https://openalex.org/W2547722133","https://openalex.org/W2561981131","https://openalex.org/W2582740551","https://openalex.org/W2588124515","https://openalex.org/W2598799153","https://openalex.org/W2614217642","https://openalex.org/W2736761179","https://openalex.org/W2791347599","https://openalex.org/W2798199013","https://openalex.org/W2799758613","https://openalex.org/W2803098482","https://openalex.org/W2888026199","https://openalex.org/W2889361304","https://openalex.org/W2891620817","https://openalex.org/W2897005419","https://openalex.org/W2902084433","https://openalex.org/W2940847272","https://openalex.org/W2955653438","https://openalex.org/W2958992432","https://openalex.org/W2963544187","https://openalex.org/W2964317695","https://openalex.org/W2974146427","https://openalex.org/W2979590995","https://openalex.org/W2982580298","https://openalex.org/W3010467706","https://openalex.org/W3012573144","https://openalex.org/W3017981254","https://openalex.org/W3023756129","https://openalex.org/W3027989593","https://openalex.org/W3033039186","https://openalex.org/W3034855613","https://openalex.org/W3036062642","https://openalex.org/W3049028910","https://openalex.org/W3080789511","https://openalex.org/W3089364107","https://openalex.org/W3101806332","https://openalex.org/W3107807702","https://openalex.org/W3111825573","https://openalex.org/W3112426303","https://openalex.org/W3115188228","https://openalex.org/W3118973727","https://openalex.org/W3122864121","https://openalex.org/W3125537303","https://openalex.org/W3126365686","https://openalex.org/W3126990165","https://openalex.org/W3127641755","https://openalex.org/W3129144742","https://openalex.org/W3139722545","https://openalex.org/W3143299112","https://openalex.org/W3161335554","https://openalex.org/W3164412567","https://openalex.org/W3168697795","https://openalex.org/W3180061397","https://openalex.org/W3182155274","https://openalex.org/W3201921054","https://openalex.org/W3202671536","https://openalex.org/W3207231184","https://openalex.org/W3207998461","https://openalex.org/W4200422444","https://openalex.org/W4200518678","https://openalex.org/W4200528405","https://openalex.org/W4211255666","https://openalex.org/W4213426835","https://openalex.org/W4220707391","https://openalex.org/W4220719229","https://openalex.org/W4244867888","https://openalex.org/W4283397327","https://openalex.org/W4292616310","https://openalex.org/W4297505414","https://openalex.org/W4298002757","https://openalex.org/W4303649368","https://openalex.org/W4306194578","https://openalex.org/W4307572272","https://openalex.org/W4313484972","https://openalex.org/W4313492305","https://openalex.org/W4313897812","https://openalex.org/W4316038168","https://openalex.org/W4319063578","https://openalex.org/W4320035816","https://openalex.org/W4320709870","https://openalex.org/W4320912368","https://openalex.org/W4320914483","https://openalex.org/W4323811457","https://openalex.org/W4365794473","https://openalex.org/W4366189559","https://openalex.org/W4377082295","https://openalex.org/W4378421465","https://openalex.org/W4379197718","https://openalex.org/W4381149515","https://openalex.org/W4382794623","https://openalex.org/W4383558369","https://openalex.org/W4385225581","https://openalex.org/W4385562005","https://openalex.org/W4386295956","https://openalex.org/W4387439876","https://openalex.org/W4387499032","https://openalex.org/W4387814493","https://openalex.org/W4390107159","https://openalex.org/W4390282154","https://openalex.org/W4393044095","https://openalex.org/W4394957208","https://openalex.org/W4400424446","https://openalex.org/W4402762719","https://openalex.org/W4402943959"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4387369504","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,94,241],"review":[1,99,114],"explores":[2],"the":[3,130,162,205],"growing":[4],"need":[5],"for":[6,83,108,142,176,235,255],"AI-based":[7,106],"algorithms":[8],"in":[9,23,145,185,199,216],"diagnosing":[10],"fetal":[11,109,210],"facial":[12,110],"anomalies,":[13],"which":[14,42],"are":[15],"often":[16],"difficult":[17],"to":[18,21,64,101,160,244],"detect":[19],"due":[20],"limitations":[22,215],"current":[24,214],"imaging":[25],"techniques":[26,138,141],"like":[27,54,122],"ultrasound":[28],"and":[29,38,45,59,72,90,126,139,155,193,207,237,250,258],"MRI.":[30],"These":[31,179],"challenges":[32,67],"include":[33],"low":[34],"resolution,":[35],"motion":[36],"artifacts,":[37],"insufficient":[39],"annotated":[40],"data,":[41],"hinder":[43],"early":[44],"accurate":[46,239],"diagnosis.":[47,240],"AI":[48,137,198],"algorithms,":[49],"particularly":[50,174,222],"deep":[51,223],"learning":[52,224],"models":[53,152,180],"Convolutional":[55],"Neural":[56],"Networks":[57],"(CNNs)":[58],"U-Net,":[60],"offers":[61],"significant":[62],"potential":[63],"overcome":[65],"these":[66,79],"by":[68],"analyzing":[69],"large":[70],"datasets":[71],"improving":[73],"image":[74,177],"analysis.":[75],"Early":[76],"diagnosis":[77],"of":[78,197,209],"anomalies":[80,144],"is":[81,173],"crucial":[82],"enabling":[84],"timely":[85,248],"interventions,":[86,249],"personalized":[87,246],"treatment":[88],"plans,":[89],"better":[91],"prenatal":[92,146,229],"care.":[93],"study":[95],"adopts":[96],"a":[97],"systematic":[98],"approach,":[100],"assess":[102],"existing":[103],"research":[104],"on":[105,129],"approaches":[107],"anomaly":[111,211],"detection.":[112],"The":[113,195],"includes":[115],"peer-reviewed":[116],"studies":[117],"from":[118],"key":[119],"biomedical":[120],"databases":[121],"PubMed,":[123],"IEEE":[124],"Xplore,":[125],"ScienceDirect,":[127],"focusing":[128],"last":[131],"15":[132],"years.":[133],"Studies":[134],"that":[135],"implemented":[136],"manual":[140],"detecting":[143],"images":[147],"were":[148,158],"considered.":[149],"Among":[150],"all":[151],"reviewed,":[153],"CNNs":[154,165],"U-Net":[156,172],"architectures":[157],"found":[159],"be":[161,232],"most":[163],"effective.":[164],"excel":[166],"at":[167],"classifying":[168],"medical":[169,217],"images,":[170],"while":[171],"powerful":[175],"segmentation.":[178],"have":[181],"demonstrated":[182],"high":[183],"accuracy":[184],"identifying":[186],"conditions":[187],"such":[188],"as":[189],"cleft":[190],"lip,":[191],"palate,":[192],"micrognathia.":[194],"use":[196],"clinical":[200,227],"settings":[201],"can":[202,231,242],"greatly":[203],"enhance":[204],"precision":[206],"efficiency":[208],"detection,":[212],"addressing":[213],"imaging.":[218],"By":[219],"integrating":[220],"AI,":[221],"models,":[225],"into":[226],"workflows,":[228],"care":[230],"transformed,":[233],"allowing":[234],"earlier":[236],"more":[238,245],"lead":[243],"care,":[247],"ultimately":[251],"improved":[252],"health":[253],"outcomes":[254],"affected":[256],"individuals":[257],"their":[259],"families.":[260]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T06:13:01.061226","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}