{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402692877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-024-10921-0","title":"Large language models in medical and healthcare fields: applications, advances, and challenges","display_name":"Large language models in medical and healthcare fields: applications, advances, and challenges","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402692877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-024-10921-0"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10462-024-10921-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-024-10921-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10462-024-10921-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122814990","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","issn_l":"0269-2821","issn":["0269-2821","1573-7462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10462-024-10921-0.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011215612","display_name":"Dandan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5386-3729"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82760581","display_name":"Taizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04fzhyx73","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82760581"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dandan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82760581"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101891025","display_name":"Shiqing Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8184-5088"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82760581","display_name":"Taizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04fzhyx73","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82760581"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shiqing Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82760581"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101891025"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82760581"],"apc_list":{"value":2490,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":{"value":2490,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"fwci":18.0628,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":206,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.995672,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"11","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9835000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7029740810394287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.6008577346801758}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7029740810394287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.6008577346801758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10462-024-10921-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-024-10921-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10462-024-10921-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122814990","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","issn_l":"0269-2821","issn":["0269-2821","1573-7462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10462-024-10921-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-024-10921-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10462-024-10921-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122814990","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","issn_l":"0269-2821","issn":["0269-2821","1573-7462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.699999988079071,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4329375876","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62276180","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G769708160","display_name":"\u534f\u540c\u6f14\u5316\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u57fa\u4e8e\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u79bb\u7ebf\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u63a8\u8350\u7b97\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"LQ24F020014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402692877.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402692877.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":124,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2889272240","https://openalex.org/W2911489562","https://openalex.org/W2963716420","https://openalex.org/W2970986790","https://openalex.org/W2995225687","https://openalex.org/W2995801214","https://openalex.org/W3004025777","https://openalex.org/W3011414630","https://openalex.org/W3011646287","https://openalex.org/W3025618937","https://openalex.org/W3034999214","https://openalex.org/W3089347471","https://openalex.org/W3104578551","https://openalex.org/W3105892552","https://openalex.org/W3105909779","https://openalex.org/W3111523098","https://openalex.org/W3114290355","https://openalex.org/W3135177165","https://openalex.org/W3145204487","https://openalex.org/W3152624702","https://openalex.org/W3162285866","https://openalex.org/W3162462834","https://openalex.org/W3164718925","https://openalex.org/W3165988112","https://openalex.org/W3169068430","https://openalex.org/W3169734818","https://openalex.org/W3172433548","https://openalex.org/W3175562427","https://openalex.org/W3175866696","https://openalex.org/W3176894732","https://openalex.org/W3177613059","https://openalex.org/W3194908699","https://openalex.org/W3195010973","https://openalex.org/W3196734230","https://openalex.org/W3199307809","https://openalex.org/W3203321135","https://openalex.org/W3203495041","https://openalex.org/W3209473001","https://openalex.org/W3215490307","https://openalex.org/W4205258379","https://openalex.org/W4223492536","https://openalex.org/W4225091461","https://openalex.org/W4226470037","https://openalex.org/W4229015090","https://openalex.org/W4284966471","https://openalex.org/W4288083420","https://openalex.org/W4293109357","https://openalex.org/W4295832344","https://openalex.org/W4298148229","https://openalex.org/W4308686591","https://openalex.org/W4309670193","https://openalex.org/W4310263921","https://openalex.org/W4310266203","https://openalex.org/W4312220150","https://openalex.org/W4312661438","https://openalex.org/W4313232683","https://openalex.org/W4313452403","https://openalex.org/W4315478863","https://openalex.org/W4318391587","https://openalex.org/W4318765555","https://openalex.org/W4319301446","https://openalex.org/W4319301505","https://openalex.org/W4319341091","https://openalex.org/W4319662928","https://openalex.org/W4321499561","https://openalex.org/W4321606060","https://openalex.org/W4323050332","https://openalex.org/W4323350039","https://openalex.org/W4324373918","https://openalex.org/W4327652408","https://openalex.org/W4327946446","https://openalex.org/W4362515116","https://openalex.org/W4365452292","https://openalex.org/W4366234719","https://openalex.org/W4366498198","https://openalex.org/W4366816122","https://openalex.org/W4372231834","https://openalex.org/W4372348374","https://openalex.org/W4376613087","https://openalex.org/W4376870832","https://openalex.org/W4377024131","https://openalex.org/W4377157938","https://openalex.org/W4378472917","https://openalex.org/W4379356527","https://openalex.org/W4379377506","https://openalex.org/W4380360936","https://openalex.org/W4380685958","https://openalex.org/W4381309010","https://openalex.org/W4381427645","https://openalex.org/W4381587418","https://openalex.org/W4381930847","https://openalex.org/W4382202529","https://openalex.org/W4382318191","https://openalex.org/W4382787724","https://openalex.org/W4382930233","https://openalex.org/W4383345426","https://openalex.org/W4383681802","https://openalex.org/W4383909162","https://openalex.org/W4384071683","https://openalex.org/W4384407567","https://openalex.org/W4384457683","https://openalex.org/W4384636956","https://openalex.org/W4385264929","https://openalex.org/W4385269545","https://openalex.org/W4385381606","https://openalex.org/W4385431688","https://openalex.org/W4385572616","https://openalex.org/W4385573087","https://openalex.org/W4385612923","https://openalex.org/W4385696901","https://openalex.org/W4385766957","https://openalex.org/W4386091044","https://openalex.org/W4386225382","https://openalex.org/W4386826611","https://openalex.org/W4387010698","https://openalex.org/W4389195633","https://openalex.org/W4389301995","https://openalex.org/W4389520259","https://openalex.org/W4390650730","https://openalex.org/W4391136507","https://openalex.org/W4391696507","https://openalex.org/W4391826804","https://openalex.org/W4400606525","https://openalex.org/W4401042912"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W4395014643"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large":[0],"language":[1,10],"models":[2],"(LLMs)":[3],"are":[4],"increasingly":[5],"recognized":[6],"for":[7,31],"their":[8],"advanced":[9],"capabilities,":[11],"offering":[12],"significant":[13],"assistance":[14],"in":[15,62,74,97,176],"diverse":[16],"areas":[17],"like":[18],"medical":[19,101,111,113,187],"communication,":[20],"patient":[21],"data":[22,131],"optimization,":[23],"and":[24,40,47,58,72,86,120,136,140,142,152,156,179,186],"surgical":[25],"planning.":[26],"Our":[27,92],"survey":[28,168],"meticulously":[29],"searched":[30],"papers":[32],"with":[33],"keywords":[34],"such":[35],"as":[36],"\u201cmedical,\u201d":[37],"\u201cclinical,\u201d":[38],"\u201chealthcare,\u201d":[39],"\u201cLLMs\u201d":[41],"across":[42,90],"various":[43,83],"databases,":[44],"including":[45,100,130],"ACM":[46],"Google":[48],"Scholar.":[49],"It":[50],"sought":[51],"to":[52,68],"delve":[53],"into":[54],"the":[55,75,128,143,184],"latest":[56],"trends":[57],"applications":[59,178],"of":[60,95,166],"LLMs":[61,89,96],"healthcare,":[63],"analyzing":[64],"175":[65],"relevant":[66],"publications":[67],"support":[69],"both":[70],"practitioners":[71],"researchers":[73],"field.":[76],"We":[77],"have":[78,126],"compiled":[79],"56":[80],"experimental":[81],"datasets,":[82],"evaluation":[84],"methods":[85],"reviewed":[87],"cutting-edge":[88],"tasks.":[91],"comprehensive":[93],"analysis":[94],"healthcare":[98],"applications,":[99],"question-answering,":[102],"dialogue":[103],"summarization,":[104],"electronic":[105],"health":[106,118],"record":[107],"generation,":[108],"scientific":[109],"research,":[110],"education,":[112],"product":[114],"safety":[115],"monitoring,":[116],"clinical":[117,121],"reasoning,":[119],"decision":[122],"support.":[123],"Furthermore,":[124],"we":[125],"identified":[127],"challenges,":[129],"security,":[132],"inaccurate":[133],"information,":[134],"fairness":[135],"bias,":[137],"plagiarism,":[138],"copyrights,":[139],"accountability,":[141],"potential":[144],"solutions,":[145],"namely":[146],"de-identification":[147],"framework,":[148],"references,counterfactually":[149],"fair":[150],"prompting,opening":[151],"ending":[153],"control":[154],"codes,":[155],"establishing":[157],"normative":[158],"standards,to":[159],"address":[160],"these":[161],"open":[162],"issues,respectively.":[163],"The":[164],"findings":[165],"this":[167],"exert":[169],"a":[170],"profound":[171],"impact":[172],"on":[173],"spurring":[174],"innovation":[175],"practical":[177],"addressing":[180],"inherent":[181],"challenges":[182],"within":[183],"academic":[185],"communities.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":80},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":123},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-20T07:56:41.581041","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}