{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1984873807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-004-5898-9","title":"Graded Relative Evidence","display_name":"Graded Relative Evidence","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-03-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1984873807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-004-5898-9","mag":"1984873807"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10462-004-5898-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-004-5898-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122814990","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","issn_l":"0269-2821","issn":["0269-2821","1573-7462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101893553","display_name":"David Bell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3148-6691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","display_name":"Queen's University Belfast","ror":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David Bell","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Queen\u2019s University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT7 1NN, UK","School of Computer Science, Queen's University, Belfast, UK BT7 1NN#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Queen\u2019s University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT7 1NN, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Queen's University, Belfast, UK BT7 1NN#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101893553"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"],"apc_list":{"value":3090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09060153,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"2","first_page":"157","last_page":"186"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.9629999995231628,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pairwise-comparison","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","score":0.7051637768745422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simplicity","display_name":"Simplicity","score":0.6975721120834351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extension","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","score":0.631073534488678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conjecture","display_name":"Conjecture","score":0.5717355608940125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.5214899778366089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.49380216002464294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.48837894201278687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4839046895503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fidelity","display_name":"Fidelity","score":0.4262838065624237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positive-economics","display_name":"Positive economics","score":0.41216713190078735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.35548073053359985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.28139615058898926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.28102779388427734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.18090951442718506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.17849156260490417}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184898388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1435712","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","level":2,"score":0.7051637768745422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776372474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508291","display_name":"Simplicity","level":2,"score":0.6975721120834351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778029271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421931","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","level":2,"score":0.631073534488678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780990831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319141","display_name":"Conjecture","level":2,"score":0.5717355608940125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.5214899778366089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.49380216002464294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.48837894201278687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4839046895503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776459999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119376","display_name":"Fidelity","level":2,"score":0.4262838065624237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118084267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26110","display_name":"Positive economics","level":1,"score":0.41216713190078735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.35548073053359985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.28139615058898926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.28102779388427734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.18090951442718506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.17849156260490417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10462-004-5898-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-004-5898-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122814990","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","issn_l":"0269-2821","issn":["0269-2821","1573-7462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:publications/ed5c0ac7-60ce-4e7c-b412-7c4510891997","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=17144375704&partnerID=8YFLogxK","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402319","display_name":"Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","host_organization_name":"Queen's University Belfast","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Bell, D 2005, 'Graded Relative Evidence', Artificial Intelligence Review, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 155-184.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W30055058","https://openalex.org/W50072207","https://openalex.org/W122167959","https://openalex.org/W620554035","https://openalex.org/W1503186515","https://openalex.org/W1509205937","https://openalex.org/W1512125366","https://openalex.org/W1557923305","https://openalex.org/W1560729591","https://openalex.org/W1562493138","https://openalex.org/W1587782513","https://openalex.org/W1593084603","https://openalex.org/W1674746388","https://openalex.org/W1816863089","https://openalex.org/W1984314602","https://openalex.org/W2011039300","https://openalex.org/W2027260346","https://openalex.org/W2028128159","https://openalex.org/W2051117635","https://openalex.org/W2055281258","https://openalex.org/W2063510118","https://openalex.org/W2066843515","https://openalex.org/W2075538982","https://openalex.org/W2088010833","https://openalex.org/W2160819640","https://openalex.org/W2293478729","https://openalex.org/W2322584079","https://openalex.org/W2322901331","https://openalex.org/W2579555219","https://openalex.org/W2774829855","https://openalex.org/W2788667668","https://openalex.org/W2797148637","https://openalex.org/W2889462955","https://openalex.org/W2912565176","https://openalex.org/W3162099472","https://openalex.org/W4211007335","https://openalex.org/W4212868872","https://openalex.org/W4232953319","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4292157289","https://openalex.org/W4301347335","https://openalex.org/W6602076053","https://openalex.org/W6637582561","https://openalex.org/W6700775639"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2368019753","https://openalex.org/W2333930193","https://openalex.org/W2737356002","https://openalex.org/W2246241526","https://openalex.org/W4301122218","https://openalex.org/W2374150061","https://openalex.org/W2081340182","https://openalex.org/W2369703001","https://openalex.org/W2372323577","https://openalex.org/W2041636053"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
