{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4288010116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10339-022-01104-2","title":"Divergent thinking in Italian elementary school children: the key role of probabilistic reasoning style","display_name":"Divergent thinking in Italian elementary school children: the key role of probabilistic reasoning style","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4288010116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10339-022-01104-2","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35881317"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10339-022-01104-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10339-022-01104-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S99753134","display_name":"Cognitive Processing","issn_l":"1612-4782","issn":["1612-4782","1612-4790"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037870988","display_name":"Marco Giancola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4616-3687"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26415053","display_name":"University of L'Aquila","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marco Giancola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy. marco.giancola@graduate.univaq.it","Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy. marco.giancola@graduate.univaq.it","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003271134","display_name":"Massimiliano Palmiero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2051-0126"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26415053","display_name":"University of L'Aquila","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Massimiliano Palmiero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028411571","display_name":"Alessia Bocchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1150-3856"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessia Bocchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089977571","display_name":"Laura Piccardi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155925","display_name":"Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele","ror":"https://ror.org/006x48140","country_code":null,"type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153126","https://openalex.org/I4387155925"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133214","display_name":"IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele","ror":"https://ror.org/039zxt351","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133214","https://openalex.org/I4210153126"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Piccardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy","IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133214","https://openalex.org/I4387155925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021673004","display_name":"Raffaella Nori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0629-5802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raffaella Nori","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061068396","display_name":"Simonetta D\u2019Amico","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4418-4978"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26415053","display_name":"University of L'Aquila","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simonetta D\u2019Amico","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037870988"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3390},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6303,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93115093,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"4","first_page":"637","last_page":"645"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11079","display_name":"Creativity in Education and Neuroscience","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11079","display_name":"Creativity in Education and Neuroscience","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13106","display_name":"Neuroscience, Education and Cognitive Function","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10547","display_name":"Education, Achievement, and Giftedness","score":0.9735999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divergent-thinking","display_name":"Divergent thinking","score":0.847186803817749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/creativity","display_name":"Creativity","score":0.8268977999687195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergent-thinking","display_name":"Convergent thinking","score":0.7732051610946655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.7478289604187012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.6256971955299377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5536209940910339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/style","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","score":0.5058355331420898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/creative-thinking","display_name":"Creative thinking","score":0.48990315198898315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-style","display_name":"Cognitive style","score":0.4125162959098816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.32584458589553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.23297342658042908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.22195321321487427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15486517548561096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.13334178924560547}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114115404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1993172","display_name":"Divergent thinking","level":3,"score":0.847186803817749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11012388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170658","display_name":"Creativity","level":2,"score":0.8268977999687195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171560490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3374857","display_name":"Convergent thinking","level":4,"score":0.7732051610946655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.7478289604187012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6256971955299377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5536209940910339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1792644","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","level":2,"score":0.5058355331420898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988206411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170658","display_name":"Creative thinking","level":3,"score":0.48990315198898315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150681269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2380771","display_name":"Cognitive style","level":3,"score":0.4125162959098816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.32584458589553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.23297342658042908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.22195321321487427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15486517548561096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.13334178924560547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003405","descriptor_name":"Creativity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003405","descriptor_name":"Creativity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003405","descriptor_name":"Creativity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011340","descriptor_name":"Problem Solving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011340","descriptor_name":"Problem Solving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011340","descriptor_name":"Problem Solving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013850","descriptor_name":"Thinking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013850","descriptor_name":"Thinking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013850","descriptor_name":"Thinking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10339-022-01104-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10339-022-01104-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S99753134","display_name":"Cognitive Processing","issn_l":"1612-4782","issn":["1612-4782","1612-4790"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35881317","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35881317","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive processing","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/899838","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11585/899838","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma1.it:11573/1651700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1651700","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196107","display_name":"IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.unite.it:11575/141679","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11575/141679","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401171","display_name":"UniTERAMO Research Catalog (University of Teramo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I124326101","host_organization_name":"University of Teramo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124326101"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.47999998927116394}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":71,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1545718237","https://openalex.org/W1678352782","https://openalex.org/W1832055791","https://openalex.org/W1969535498","https://openalex.org/W1974450628","https://openalex.org/W1977959244","https://openalex.org/W1979625382","https://openalex.org/W1980054641","https://openalex.org/W1984687958","https://openalex.org/W1985013992","https://openalex.org/W1990055077","https://openalex.org/W1994587709","https://openalex.org/W1995297687","https://openalex.org/W2008714963","https://openalex.org/W2011946757","https://openalex.org/W2012527012","https://openalex.org/W2013104032","https://openalex.org/W2022065028","https://openalex.org/W2026305642","https://openalex.org/W2027369625","https://openalex.org/W2027398884","https://openalex.org/W2040271101","https://openalex.org/W2063891078","https://openalex.org/W2068935259","https://openalex.org/W2075412689","https://openalex.org/W2076975871","https://openalex.org/W2077565741","https://openalex.org/W2083322150","https://openalex.org/W2084306166","https://openalex.org/W2084335597","https://openalex.org/W2087484885","https://openalex.org/W2087883256","https://openalex.org/W2112931959","https://openalex.org/W2121729456","https://openalex.org/W2122398050","https://openalex.org/W2123411108","https://openalex.org/W2145161351","https://openalex.org/W2151769461","https://openalex.org/W2169073417","https://openalex.org/W2171960331","https://openalex.org/W2278132529","https://openalex.org/W2309342502","https://openalex.org/W2345401762","https://openalex.org/W2587576746","https://openalex.org/W2589620982","https://openalex.org/W2756322225","https://openalex.org/W2790362316","https://openalex.org/W2800554944","https://openalex.org/W2803251049","https://openalex.org/W2884090649","https://openalex.org/W2886991189","https://openalex.org/W2891649712","https://openalex.org/W2904509013","https://openalex.org/W2908009630","https://openalex.org/W2908386259","https://openalex.org/W2936146804","https://openalex.org/W2951858620","https://openalex.org/W2959575244","https://openalex.org/W2997126560","https://openalex.org/W3007767412","https://openalex.org/W3023063209","https://openalex.org/W3035796490","https://openalex.org/W3088796146","https://openalex.org/W3096231281","https://openalex.org/W3153250383","https://openalex.org/W3174876117","https://openalex.org/W4224240315","https://openalex.org/W4232608142","https://openalex.org/W4256201318","https://openalex.org/W4280586689","https://openalex.org/W4301515632"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2349101331","https://openalex.org/W3198146726","https://openalex.org/W2384048742","https://openalex.org/W2369528225","https://openalex.org/W2364638814","https://openalex.org/W2278896913","https://openalex.org/W2350365130","https://openalex.org/W2374924969","https://openalex.org/W2561391639","https://openalex.org/W1994125278"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
