{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2011996183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10288-009-0098-8","title":"The computational complexity of bilevel assignment problems","display_name":"The computational complexity of bilevel assignment problems","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-03-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2011996183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10288-009-0098-8","mag":"2011996183"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10288-009-0098-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10288-009-0098-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191715","display_name":"4OR","issn_l":"1614-2411","issn":["1614-2411","1619-4500"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"4OR","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080986291","display_name":"Elisabeth Gassner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4092182","display_name":"Graz University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7xrm67","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Elisabeth Gassner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Optimierung und Diskrete Mathematik, TU Graz, Steyrergasse 30, 8010, Graz, Austria","Institut f\u00fcr Optimierung und Diskrete Mathematik, TU Graz"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Optimierung und Diskrete Mathematik, TU Graz, Steyrergasse 30, 8010, Graz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Optimierung und Diskrete Mathematik, TU Graz","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025216576","display_name":"Bettina Klinz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6156-688X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4092182","display_name":"Graz University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7xrm67","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bettina Klinz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Optimierung und Diskrete Mathematik, TU Graz, Steyrergasse 30, 8010, Graz, Austria","Institut f\u00fcr Optimierung und Diskrete Mathematik, TU Graz"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Optimierung und Diskrete Mathematik, TU Graz, Steyrergasse 30, 8010, Graz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Optimierung und Diskrete Mathematik, TU Graz","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080986291"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7076,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70297376,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"4","first_page":"379","last_page":"394"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10545","display_name":"Optimization and Variational Analysis","score":0.9688000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10545","display_name":"Optimization and Variational Analysis","score":0.9688000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10991","display_name":"Game Theory and Voting Systems","score":0.9556000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12709","display_name":"Optimization and Mathematical Programming","score":0.928600013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.7012916803359985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.6413909792900085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-maker","display_name":"Decision maker","score":0.564713716506958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.5231146216392517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5102524757385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.4977612793445587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pessimism","display_name":"Pessimism","score":0.45880284905433655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.4491094946861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.4334959089756012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.430705189704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bellman-equation","display_name":"Bellman equation","score":0.4221663475036621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.38992419838905334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.19692981243133545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18366879224777222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.11393898725509644}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.7012916803359985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.6413909792900085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986080485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331926","display_name":"Decision maker","level":2,"score":0.564713716506958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5231146216392517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5102524757385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4977612793445587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9992130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484954","display_name":"Pessimism","level":2,"score":0.45880284905433655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4491094946861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.4334959089756012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.430705189704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14646407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430750","display_name":"Bellman equation","level":2,"score":0.4221663475036621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38992419838905334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.19692981243133545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18366879224777222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.11393898725509644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10288-009-0098-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10288-009-0098-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191715","display_name":"4OR","issn_l":"1614-2411","issn":["1614-2411","1619-4500"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"4OR","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.75,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W63727961","https://openalex.org/W568537268","https://openalex.org/W1545338793","https://openalex.org/W1592570595","https://openalex.org/W1839515685","https://openalex.org/W1975320652","https://openalex.org/W1990676004","https://openalex.org/W2011039300","https://openalex.org/W2023858465","https://openalex.org/W2079104779","https://openalex.org/W2090411045","https://openalex.org/W2095818975","https://openalex.org/W2098696428","https://openalex.org/W2142561483","https://openalex.org/W2254218369","https://openalex.org/W2467020497","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1657880117","https://openalex.org/W2595172197","https://openalex.org/W2127970246","https://openalex.org/W2084856301","https://openalex.org/W1001352512","https://openalex.org/W4382618745","https://openalex.org/W2885125400","https://openalex.org/W1989889224","https://openalex.org/W4380987628","https://openalex.org/W1984933875"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}