{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4211091882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10278-022-00595-x","title":"Automating Scoliosis Measurements in Radiographic Studies with Machine Learning: Comparing Artificial Intelligence and Clinical Reports","display_name":"Automating Scoliosis Measurements in Radiographic Studies with Machine Learning: Comparing Artificial Intelligence and Clinical Reports","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4211091882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10278-022-00595-x","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35149938"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10278-022-00595-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10278-022-00595-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62275304","display_name":"Journal of Digital Imaging","issn_l":"0897-1889","issn":["0897-1889","1618-727X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Digital Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9156601","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062211606","display_name":"Audrey Ha","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Audrey Y. Ha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072528537","display_name":"Bao H.","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bao H. Do","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027305705","display_name":"Adam L. Bartret","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2474-2589"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam L. Bartret","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003201362","display_name":"Charles Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5612-8511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles X. Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084967705","display_name":"Albert Hsiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9412-1369"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Albert Hsiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, 9300 Campus Point Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, 9300 Campus Point Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076949598","display_name":"A.M. Lutz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2844-7616"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amelie M. Lutz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024679224","display_name":"Imon Banerjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3327-8004"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802423016","display_name":"WinnMed","ror":"https://ror.org/02s47w807","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802423016"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146710","display_name":"Mayo Clinic in Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/03zzw1w08","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210146710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imon Banerjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 5779 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ, 85054, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 5779 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ, 85054, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146710","https://openalex.org/I2802423016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005972984","display_name":"Geoffrey M. Riley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4887-2903"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geoffrey M. Riley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004965117","display_name":"Daniel L. Rubin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5057-4369"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel L. Rubin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016353811","display_name":"Kathryn J. Stevens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4365-0241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kathryn J. Stevens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008822457","display_name":"Erin Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031899118","display_name":"Shannon Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shannon Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102998826","display_name":"Christopher F. Beaulieu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6036-1962"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher F. Beaulieu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030363596","display_name":"Brian Hurt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5529-4099"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800935791","display_name":"UC San Diego Health System","ror":"https://ror.org/01kbfgm16","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Hurt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, 9300 Campus Point Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA. brhurt@health.ucsd.edu","Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, 9300 Campus Point Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, 9300 Campus Point Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA. brhurt@health.ucsd.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, 9300 Campus Point Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":14,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062211606"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":{"value":3190,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":4190},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5337,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89221995,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"3","first_page":"524","last_page":"533"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14510","display_name":"Medical Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14510","display_name":"Medical Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11030","display_name":"Scoliosis diagnosis and treatment","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10776","display_name":"Spinal Fractures and Fixation Techniques","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scoliosis","display_name":"Scoliosis","score":0.8238010406494141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cobb-angle","display_name":"Cobb angle","score":0.7872588634490967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5955237746238708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lumbar","display_name":"Lumbar","score":0.5861687064170837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiography","display_name":"Radiography","score":0.5654574036598206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.44617655873298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centroid","display_name":"Centroid","score":0.41021257638931274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3709031939506531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-medicine","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","score":0.33316582441329956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.27938321232795715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgery","display_name":"Surgery","score":0.19122958183288574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780955175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174857","display_name":"Scoliosis","level":2,"score":0.8238010406494141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778871979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1104591","display_name":"Cobb angle","level":3,"score":0.7872588634490967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5955237746238708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44575665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1293405","display_name":"Lumbar","level":2,"score":0.5861687064170837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36454342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245341","display_name":"Radiography","level":2,"score":0.5654574036598206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.44617655873298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146599234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q511093","display_name":"Centroid","level":2,"score":0.41021257638931274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3709031939506531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.33316582441329956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.27938321232795715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.19122958183288574}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008159","descriptor_name":"Lumbar Vertebrae","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008159","descriptor_name":"Lumbar Vertebrae","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008159","descriptor_name":"Lumbar Vertebrae","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012600","descriptor_name":"Scoliosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012600","descriptor_name":"Scoliosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012600","descriptor_name":"Scoliosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10278-022-00595-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10278-022-00595-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62275304","display_name":"Journal of Digital Imaging","issn_l":"0897-1889","issn":["0897-1889","1618-727X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Digital Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35149938","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35149938","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of digital imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0qd5c2b4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0qd5c2b4","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Digital Imaging, vol 35, iss 3","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9156601","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9156601","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Digit Imaging","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9156601","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9156601","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Digit Imaging","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W152404302","https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1969265440","https://openalex.org/W1969973213","https://openalex.org/W1980287119","https://openalex.org/W1995637959","https://openalex.org/W1997016764","https://openalex.org/W2000276621","https://openalex.org/W2001770256","https://openalex.org/W2042311485","https://openalex.org/W2050366158","https://openalex.org/W2139774746","https://openalex.org/W2245256444","https://openalex.org/W2754210552","https://openalex.org/W2916452242","https://openalex.org/W2922159377","https://openalex.org/W3163707479","https://openalex.org/W3178839942","https://openalex.org/W6639102338"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2465193852","https://openalex.org/W4388025427","https://openalex.org/W4294974937","https://openalex.org/W2138116909","https://openalex.org/W2968509133","https://openalex.org/W4328026508","https://openalex.org/W3175427170","https://openalex.org/W2055231866","https://openalex.org/W2126178566","https://openalex.org/W4213330631"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
