{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2972491395","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10278-019-00274-4","title":"Deep Learning for Low-Dose CT Denoising Using Perceptual Loss and Edge Detection Layer","display_name":"Deep Learning for Low-Dose CT Denoising Using Perceptual Loss and Edge Detection Layer","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2972491395","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10278-019-00274-4","mag":"2972491395","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31515756"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10278-019-00274-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10278-019-00274-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62275304","display_name":"Journal of Digital Imaging","issn_l":"0897-1889","issn":["0897-1889","1618-727X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Digital Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7165209","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060493690","display_name":"Maryam Gholizadeh-Ansari","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I530967","display_name":"Toronto Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g13zd79","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maryam Gholizadeh-Ansari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B2K3, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B2K3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086896369","display_name":"Javad Alirezaie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7129-4825"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I530967","display_name":"Toronto Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g13zd79","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Javad Alirezaie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B2K3, Canada. javad@ryerson.ca","Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. javad@ryerson.ca","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B2K3, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B2K3, Canada. javad@ryerson.ca","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. javad@ryerson.ca","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B2K3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017986343","display_name":"Paul Babyn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8965-7305"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23625684","display_name":"Saskatchewan Health Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02wtdvm35","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23625684"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32625721","display_name":"University of Saskatchewan","ror":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Babyn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan and Saskatoon Health Region, Saskatoon, SK, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan and Saskatoon Health Region, Saskatoon, SK, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23625684","https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060493690"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"],"apc_list":{"value":3190,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":4190},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.9493,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":148,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99044971,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"2","first_page":"504","last_page":"515"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12386","display_name":"Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7335346341133118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6580087542533875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing","display_name":"Smoothing","score":0.6556556224822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.6328157186508179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-reduction","display_name":"Noise reduction","score":0.6251475811004639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5691023468971252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.5036041140556335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4908342957496643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.47452297806739807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bilateral-filter","display_name":"Bilateral filter","score":0.46908038854599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagonal","display_name":"Diagonal","score":0.45438066124916077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.45255860686302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.4510188102722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.44832155108451843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4376639127731323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.42682313919067383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-quality","display_name":"Image quality","score":0.4261000454425812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.416303426027298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3891848921775818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.36078086495399475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2478087842464447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1664505898952484}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7335346341133118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6580087542533875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.6556556224822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.6328157186508179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163294075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Noise reduction","level":2,"score":0.6251475811004639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5691023468971252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.5036041140556335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4908342957496643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.47452297806739807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156140930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860417","display_name":"Bilateral filter","level":3,"score":0.46908038854599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130367717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189791","display_name":"Diagonal","level":2,"score":0.45438066124916077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.45255860686302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.4510188102722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.44832155108451843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4376639127731323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.42682313919067383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.4261000454425812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.416303426027298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3891848921775818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.36078086495399475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2478087842464447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1664505898952484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003199","descriptor_name":"Computer Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003199","descriptor_name":"Computer Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003199","descriptor_name":"Computer Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016477","descriptor_name":"Artifacts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016477","descriptor_name":"Artifacts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016477","descriptor_name":"Artifacts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10278-019-00274-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10278-019-00274-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62275304","display_name":"Journal of Digital Imaging","issn_l":"0897-1889","issn":["0897-1889","1618-727X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Digital Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31515756","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31515756","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of digital imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7165209","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7165209","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Digit Imaging","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7165209","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7165209","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Digit Imaging","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7454431108","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGPIN/239007-2012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321487","funder_display_name":"Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321487","display_name":"Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W626427215","https://openalex.org/W1533861849","https://openalex.org/W1558493896","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1710476689","https://openalex.org/W1885185971","https://openalex.org/W1964122179","https://openalex.org/W1964231221","https://openalex.org/W1990919544","https://openalex.org/W2004703305","https://openalex.org/W2021954169","https://openalex.org/W2042743306","https://openalex.org/W2042776093","https://openalex.org/W2056370875","https://openalex.org/W2069410412","https://openalex.org/W2083259323","https://openalex.org/W2083927153","https://openalex.org/W2097073572","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2118902776","https://openalex.org/W2129884298","https://openalex.org/W2138553139","https://openalex.org/W2141689871","https://openalex.org/W2142884793","https://openalex.org/W2143163922","https://openalex.org/W2160547390","https://openalex.org/W2187250581","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2286929393","https://openalex.org/W2322013855","https://openalex.org/W2331128040","https://openalex.org/W2412782625","https://openalex.org/W2508457857","https://openalex.org/W2511730936","https://openalex.org/W2542870090","https://openalex.org/W2570202822","https://openalex.org/W2584483805","https://openalex.org/W2592048188","https://openalex.org/W2613155248","https://openalex.org/W2617128058","https://openalex.org/W2743780012","https://openalex.org/W2748739903","https://openalex.org/W2753887715","https://openalex.org/W2898641073","https://openalex.org/W2949099979","https://openalex.org/W2949117887","https://openalex.org/W2949999304","https://openalex.org/W2963470893","https://openalex.org/W2964159249","https://openalex.org/W3104324122","https://openalex.org/W4296142362","https://openalex.org/W6602254124","https://openalex.org/W6602415781","https://openalex.org/W6602512215"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998728244","https://openalex.org/W233850645","https://openalex.org/W2082304850","https://openalex.org/W1984713107","https://openalex.org/W2978930127","https://openalex.org/W4285172075","https://openalex.org/W4386952422","https://openalex.org/W2998590421","https://openalex.org/W2094364519","https://openalex.org/W2536791468"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}